As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 15, 2023
Registration No. 333-

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549



FORM F-3 REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933


SHELL PLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
SHELL FINANCE US INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


England and Wales
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
the Netherlands
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
     
Not Applicable
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
 
Shell Centre
London, SE1 7NA
United Kingdom
+44 20 7934 1234
(Address and telephone number of Registrant’s principal executive offices)
Not Applicable
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
 
Carel van Bylandtlaan 30
2596 HR The Hague
the Netherlands
(011 31 70) 377 9111
(Address and telephone number of Registrant’s principal executive offices)
93-4449519
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
 
150 N. Dairy Ashford
Houston, Texas 77079
United States of America
+1-(832) 337-2000)
(Address and telephone number of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

Mr. Donald J. Puglisi
Managing Director
Puglisi & Associates
850 Library Avenue, Suite 204
Newark, Delaware 19711
1-302-738-6680
(Name, address, and telephone number of agent for service for Shell plc and Shell International Finance B.V.)
The Corporation Trust Company
Corporation Trust Center
1209 Orange Street
Wilmington, Delaware 19801
1-302-658-7581
(Name, address, and telephone number of agent for service for Shell Finance US Inc.)



Please send copies of all communications to:

Andrew J. Pitts, Esq.
Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP
Worldwide Plaza
825 Eighth Avenue
New York, NY 10019
+1 (212) 474-1000
Justin Salon, Esq.
Morrison & Foerster LLP
2100 L Street, NW
Washington, DC 20037
+1 (202) 887-8785


Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:  From time to time after the effectiveness of this registration statement.

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ☐

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☒

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.



PROSPECTUS

SHELL PLC

SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES
SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES
WARRANTS
ORDINARY SHARES

SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V.

with corporate seat in The Hague, the Netherlands

SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES
SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES
Fully and unconditionally guaranteed by

SHELL PLC

SHELL FINANCE US INC.

SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES
SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES
Fully and unconditionally guaranteed by

SHELL PLC

Shell plc may use this prospectus to offer from time to time senior or subordinated debt securities, warrants or ordinary shares, directly or in the form of American Depositary Receipts. Each of Shell International Finance B.V. and Shell Finance US Inc. may use this prospectus to offer from time to time senior or subordinated debt securities fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Shell plc. Shell plc’s ordinary shares are admitted to the Official List of the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority and to trading on the main market for listed securities of the London Stock Exchange under the symbol “SHEL” and listed on NYSE Euronext in Amsterdam (“Euronext Amsterdam”) under the symbol “SHEL”. American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) representing Shell plc’s ordinary shares are admitted for trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “SHEL”.

This prospectus describes the general terms that may apply to the securities and the general manner in which they may be offered. The specific terms of any securities to be offered and the specific manner in which they will be offered will be set forth and described in a prospectus supplement to this prospectus or a free writing prospectus. Such supplements or free writing prospectuses may also add to, update, supplement or clarify information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus regarding the particular issue of securities carefully before you invest.

We may sell the securities offered by this prospectus through underwriters or dealers, directly to purchasers or through agents. The names of any underwriters, dealers or agents involved in the sale of the securities, together with any applicable commissions or discounts, will be stated in an accompanying prospectus supplement or a free writing prospectus.

All dealers that effect transactions in the securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

Investing in the securities involves certain risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 4 to read about certain risk factors you should consider before investing in the securities.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offence.

Prospectus dated December 15, 2023



TABLE OF CONTENTS

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1


ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS


This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form F-3 that we filed on December 15, 2023 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may offer and sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we use this prospectus to offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement or a free writing prospectus that will contain specific information about the offering and the terms of those securities. The prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, together with the additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information”, prior to purchasing any of the securities offered by this prospectus. However, if there are any inconsistencies between the information contained herein and the information contained in an accompanying prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, the information in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus shall prevail.

When acquiring any securities discussed in this prospectus, you should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus that we authorize to be delivered to you. Neither we, nor any underwriters or agents, have authorized anyone to provide you with different information. We are not offering the securities in any jurisdiction in which an offer or solicitation is not authorized or in which the person making such offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so or to anyone to whom it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation.

You should not assume that the information in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement, free writing prospectus or any document incorporated by reference is truthful or complete at any date other than the date mentioned on the cover page of those documents.

In this prospectus “Shell” refers to Shell plc, and “Shell Group” refers to Shell and its subsidiaries. “Shell Finance” refers to Shell International Finance B.V. “Shell Finance US” refers to Shell Finance US Inc. “Royal Dutch” refers to N.V. Koninklijke Nederlandsche Petroleum Maatschappij (also known as Royal Dutch Petroleum Company). “Shell Transport” refers to The Shell Transport and Trading Company Limited (formerly The “Shell” Transport and Trading Company, p.l.c.). “BG” refers to BG Group plc. References to “we”, “our” and “us” refer to Shell or the Shell Group, as the context may require.

In this prospectus and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, “U.S. dollars” or “$” refers to the lawful currency of the United States (“U.S.”), “pounds sterling,” “£” or “pence” refers to the lawful currency of the United Kingdom (“U.K.”), and “euro” or “€” refers to the currency established for participating member states of the European Union (“E.U.”) as of the beginning of stage three of the European Monetary Union on January 1, 1999.

In this prospectus “Intermediary” means each institution (intermediair), as defined in the Dutch Securities Giro Act (Wet giraal effectenverkeer), which holds Shell ordinary shares on behalf of its clients, directly or indirectly, through Euroclear Nederland. References in this prospectus to Shell ordinary shares or to Shell shares shall, where the relevant shares are held by Euroclear Nederland in its capacity as central institute (centraal instituut) under the Dutch Securities Giro Act and the context so permits, include references to interests held in such shares by other persons in accordance with the Dutch Securities Giro Act.

In connection with any issue of securities through this prospectus, a stabilizing manager or any person acting for such stabilizing manager may over-allot or effect transactions with a view to supporting the market price of such securities and any associated securities at a level higher than that which might otherwise prevail for a limited period after the issue date. However, there will be no obligation on the stabilizing manager or any agent of such stabilizing manager to do this. Such stabilizing, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time, and must be brought to an end after a limited period.
2


SHELL PLC

Shell is the single parent company of Shell Petroleum N.V. (the legal successor of Royal Dutch) and Shell Transport. From 1907 until 2005, Royal Dutch and Shell Transport were the public parent companies of a group of companies known collectively as the “Royal Dutch/Shell Group”. All operating activities were conducted through the subsidiaries of Royal Dutch and Shell Transport. On July 20, 2005, Shell became the single parent company of Royal Dutch and Shell Transport (the “Unification”). On December 10, 2021, the shareholders of Shell approved amendments to Shell’s Articles of Association (the “Articles”), which permitted Shell to simplify its share structure through the establishment of a single line of shares and alignment of Shell’s tax residence with its country of incorporation by relocating meetings of its Board of Directors and Executive Committee and the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer to the United Kingdom and granted the Board of Directors the power to change Shell’s name (the “Simplification”). On December 20, 2021 the Board of Directors formally approved the Simplification, and on December 31, 2021 the Board approved the key steps required to move Shell’s tax residence to the U.K. Shell’s name was changed from Royal Dutch Shell plc to Shell plc on January 21, 2022, and Shell’s shares were assimilated into a single line of shares on January 29, 2022. This completed the Simplification.

The companies of the Shell Group are engaged worldwide in all the principal aspects of the oil and natural gas industry.

You can find a more detailed description of the Shell Group’s business and recent transactions in the 2022 20-F (as defined under “Where You Can Find More Information” below), which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as well as any subsequent filings incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V.

Shell Finance was incorporated as a private company with limited liability under the laws of the Netherlands on March 5, 2004. Shell Finance was renamed to its current name on June 6, 2005, and became a 100% owned subsidiary of Shell on July 20, 2005. Shell Finance is a financing vehicle for Shell and its consolidated subsidiaries. Shell Finance has no independent operations, other than raising debt for use by the Shell Group, hedging such debt when appropriate and on-lending funds raised to companies in the Shell Group. Shell Finance will lend substantially all proceeds of its borrowings to companies in the Shell Group. Shell will fully and unconditionally guarantee the debt securities issued by Shell Finance pursuant to this prospectus as to payment of principal, premium (if any), interest and any other amounts due.

SHELL FINANCE US INC.

Shell Finance US was incorporated as a corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware on November 13, 2023. Shell Finance US is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Shell. Shell Finance US is a financing vehicle for Shell and its consolidated subsidiaries. Shell Finance US has no independent operations, other than raising debt for use by the Shell Group, hedging such debt when appropriate and on-lending funds raised to companies in the Shell Group. Shell Finance US will lend substantially all proceeds of its borrowings to companies in the Shell Group. Shell will fully and unconditionally guarantee the debt securities issued by Shell Finance US pursuant to this prospectus as to payment of principal, premium (if any), interest and any other amounts due.
3


RISK FACTORS

Investing in the securities offered using this prospectus involves risk. Accordingly, you should consider carefully all of the information included, or incorporated by reference, in this document and any risk factors included or incorporated by reference in the applicable prospectus supplement before you decide to buy securities. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could suffer, and the trading price and liquidity of the securities could decline, in which case you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Relating to the Shell Group’s Business

You should read “Risk Factors” in the 2022 20-F, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and similar sections in subsequent filings incorporated by reference in this prospectus, for information on risks relating to the Shell Group’s business.

Risks Relating to Shell’s Ordinary Shares

You should read “Risk Factors” in the 2022 20-F, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and similar sections in subsequent filings incorporated by reference in this prospectus, for information on risks relating to Shell’s Ordinary Shares.

Risks Relating to the Debt Securities and Warrants

Because Shell is a holding company and conducts its operations through subsidiaries, your right to receive payments on debt securities or guarantees issued by Shell will be structurally subordinated to the liabilities of its subsidiaries.

Shell is organized as a holding company, and substantially all of its operations are carried on through subsidiaries of Shell. Shell’s ability to meet its financial obligations is dependent upon the availability of cash flows from its domestic and foreign subsidiaries and affiliated companies through dividends, intercompany advances and other payments. Payments to Shell by its subsidiaries and affiliated companies will be contingent upon the earnings of those entities and the ability of those entities to pay dividends from profits available for distribution and make other payments to Shell is restricted by, among other things, applicable corporate and other laws and regulations as well as agreements to which those entities are currently or may in the future become a party. Shell’s subsidiaries will not be guarantors of the debt securities that may be offered under this prospectus. Claims of the creditors of Shell’s subsidiaries will have priority as to the assets of such subsidiaries over the claims of Shell. Consequently, in the event of insolvency of Shell, the claims of holders of debt securities guaranteed or issued by Shell would be structurally subordinated to the prior claims of the creditors of subsidiaries of Shell.

Because the debt securities will be unsecured, your right to receive payments may be adversely affected.

The debt securities that we are offering will be unsecured. If Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US defaults on the debt securities or Shell defaults on the guarantees, or in the event of bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization, then, to the extent that Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US have granted security interests over their assets to secure other debts, the proceeds from the sale of the assets that secure these debts will be used to satisfy the obligations under that secured debt before Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US could use such proceeds to make payment on the debt securities or the guarantees, respectively. If there is not enough collateral to satisfy the obligations of the secured debt, then the remaining amounts on the secured debt would rank equally in right of payment with all unsecured indebtedness that is not subordinated to such secured debt, including the senior debt securities. In addition, Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US may have to satisfy obligations mandatorily preferred by law applying to companies generally before Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US could make payments on the debt securities or the guarantees, respectively.
4


The debt securities and warrants lack a developed trading market, and such a market may never develop or be sustained.

Each of Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US may issue debt securities in different series with different terms in amounts that are to be determined. Although any such debt securities issued may be listed on a recognized securities exchange in the U.S. or Europe, there can be no assurance that an active trading market will develop for any series of debt securities or, if a trading market develops, that the trading market will be sustained. Similarly, there can be no assurance that an active trading market will develop or be sustained for any warrants issued by Shell. There can also be no assurance regarding the ability of holders of our debt securities and warrants to sell their debt securities or warrants or the price at which such holders may be able to sell their debt securities or warrants. If a trading market were to develop, the debt securities and warrants could trade at prices that may be higher or lower than the initial offering price and, in the case of debt securities, this may result in a return that is greater or less than the interest rate on the debt securities, in each case depending on many factors, including, among other things, prevailing interest rates, Shell’s financial results, any change in Shell’s credit-worthiness and the market for similar securities.

Any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that participate in the distribution of the debt securities or warrants may make a market in the debt securities or warrants as permitted by applicable laws and regulations but will have no obligation to do so, and any such market-making activities may be discontinued at any time. Therefore, there can be no assurance as to the liquidity of any trading market for the debt securities or warrants or that an active public market for the debt securities or warrants will develop, in which case you may be unable to sell the securities at opportune times, at opportune prices or at all.

The substitution of the obligor on a particular series of our debt securities generally would cause you to realize taxable gain or loss for U.S. tax purposes, if any, on any such debt securities that you hold.

We will have the right to cause Shell or any of its subsidiaries to assume the obligations of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US under any series of debt securities as described in “Description of Debt Securities — Substitution of Shell Finance or Shell Finance US as Issuer” below. In addition, an entity that becomes the owner of 100% of the voting stock of Shell may assume the obligations of Shell with respect to one or more series of debt securities as described in “Description of Debt Securities — Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets” below. Under U.S. tax law, the change in the obligor on our debt securities under these provisions could be treated as a disposition of any such debt securities that you hold, resulting in your realization of gain or loss on our debt securities even though you continue to hold our debt securities and receive no distribution in connection with the deemed disposition. See “Taxation — U.S. Taxation of Debt Securities — Sale or Retirement of Debt Securities” for discussion of possible tax consequences.

Any subordinated debt securities that we issue will be subordinate in ranking to our existing and future senior debt.

We may issue one or more series of debt securities that by their terms are subordinated to all existing and future “senior debt” (as defined in the relevant indenture). Under the subordination terms, the subordinated debt will be subordinated in right of payment to all senior debt and may be subject to payment blockage, standstill and other terms designed to enhance the rights of the holders of senior debt. As a result of these subordination terms, holders of subordinated debt may receive less upon any bankruptcy or liquidation than holders of senior debt. See “Description of Debt Securities — Provisions Applicable Solely to Subordinated Debt Securities”. You should read carefully the specific terms of any particular series of debt securities, which will be contained in the prospectus supplement relating to such debt securities.

The ability of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US to satisfy their obligations in respect of their debt securities is dependent on other members of the Shell Group.

Shell Finance and Shell Finance US are special purpose financing vehicles that were formed for the purpose of raising debt for the Shell Group. Shell Finance and Shell Finance US conduct no business or revenue-generating operations of their own. The primary business of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US is the raising of money for the purpose of on-lending to other members of the Shell Group. The ability of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US to satisfy their obligations in respect of their debt securities, including the payment of principal and interest, will depend on payments made to Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, as applicable, by Shell and other subsidiaries in the Shell Group in respect of loans and advances made by Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, as applicable.
5


The indentures will not restrict the amount of additional indebtedness that we may incur.

The debt securities and the indentures under which the debt securities will be issued will not place any limitation on the amount of indebtedness that may be incurred by us. Our incurrence of additional indebtedness may have important consequences for you as a holder of the debt securities, including making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to the debt securities, increasing the amount of indebtedness ranking equal or (if secured) effectively senior to the debt securities in the event of our bankruptcy or insolvency, resulting in a loss in the trading value of your debt securities, if any, and increasing the risk that the credit rating of the debt securities is lowered or withdrawn.
6


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The SEC encourages companies to disclose forward-looking information so that investors can better understand a company’s future prospects and make informed investment decisions. This prospectus, any prospectus supplement and documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement may contain forward-looking statements (within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) concerning the financial condition, results of operations and businesses of the Shell Group. All statements other than statements of historical fact are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements are statements of future expectations that are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, performance or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied in these statements. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements concerning the potential exposure of the Shell Group to market risks and statements expressing management’s expectations, beliefs, estimates, forecasts, projections and assumptions.

These forward-looking statements are identified by their use of terms and phrases such as “aim”, “ambition”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “could”, “estimate”, “expect”, “goals”, “intend”, “may”, “milestones”, “objectives”, “outlook”, “plan”, “probably”, “project”, “risks”, “schedule”, “seek”, “should”, “target”, “will” and similar terms and phrases. There are a number of factors that could affect the future operations of the Shell Group and could cause those results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, including (without limitation):


price fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas;


changes in demand for the Shell Group’s products;


currency fluctuations;


drilling and production results;


reserves estimates;


loss of market share and industry competition;


environmental and physical risks;


risks associated with the identification of suitable potential acquisition properties and targets, and successful negotiation and completion of such transactions;


the risk of doing business in developing countries and countries subject to international sanctions;


legislative, judicial, fiscal and regulatory developments including regulatory measures addressing climate change;


economic and financial market conditions in various countries and regions;


political risks, including the risks of expropriation and renegotiation of the terms of contracts with governmental entities, delays or advancements in the approval of projects and delays in the reimbursement for shared costs;


risks associated with the impact of pandemics, such as the COVID-19 (coronavirus) outbreak; and


changes in trading conditions.
7


Also see “Risk Factors” in the 2022 20-F for additional risks and further discussion. No assurance is provided that future dividend payments will match or exceed previous dividend payments. All forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Each forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of the particular statement. Neither Shell plc nor any of its subsidiaries undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or other information. In light of these risks, results could differ materially from those stated, implied or inferred from the forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
8


WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

Shell is subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and, in accordance with those requirements, files annual reports and other information with the SEC. However, as a foreign private issuer, Shell and its shareholders are exempt from some of the Exchange Act reporting requirements. The reporting requirements that do not apply to Shell or its shareholders include proxy solicitations rules, the short-swing insider profit disclosure rules of Section 16 of the Exchange Act with respect to Shell’s shares and the rules regarding the furnishing of quarterly reports to the SEC, which are required to be furnished only if required or otherwise provided in our home country domicile.

All filings made by Shell and its predecessors after December 15, 2002 are also available online through the SEC’s EDGAR electronic filing system. Access to EDGAR can be found on the SEC’s website, at http://www.sec.gov.

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information into this prospectus. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to other documents filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus, except for any information that is superseded by information that is included directly in this prospectus.

The information that we incorporate by reference is an important part of this prospectus. We incorporate by reference the following documents:


Annual Report on Form 20-F of Shell for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, as furnished with the SEC on March 9, 2023 (File No. 001-32575) (the “2022 20-F”);


Report on Form 6-K of Shell furnished with the SEC on May 4, 2023, containing the unaudited condensed interim financial report of Shell and its consolidated subsidiaries for the three-month period ended March 31, 2023 (File No. 001-32575);


Report on Form 6-K of Shell furnished with the SEC on July 27, 2023, containing the unaudited condensed interim financial report of Shell and its consolidated subsidiaries for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2023 (File No. 001-32575);


Report on Form 6-K of Shell furnished with the SEC on November 2, 2023, containing the unaudited condensed interim financial report of Shell and its consolidated subsidiaries for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 (File No. 001-32575);


Reports on Form 6-K of Shell filed with the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act since the end of the fiscal year covered by the 2022 20-F; and


the description of our share capital contained in the Report on Form 8-A12B of Shell filed with the SEC on January 25, 2022 (File No. 001-32575) (the “Capital Stock Form 8-A”) and any amendment or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

We also incorporate by reference any future filings that we make with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act until we sell all of the securities. Our reports on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC after the date of this prospectus (or portions thereof) are incorporated by reference in this prospectus only to the extent that the forms expressly state that we incorporate them (or such portions) by reference in this prospectus.

Information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede information in documents filed with the SEC at earlier dates. All information appearing in this prospectus is qualified in its entirety by the information and financial statements, including the notes, contained in the documents that we incorporate by reference in this prospectus.
9


We have filed a registration statement on Form F-3 with the SEC under the Securities Act. This prospectus, which is a part of the registration statement, does not contain all the information contained in the registration statement; certain items are contained in exhibits to the registration statement, as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. Statements that we make in this prospectus about the content of any contract, agreement or other document are not necessarily complete. With respect to each document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, we refer you to the exhibit for a more complete description of the matter involved, and each statement that we make is qualified in its entirety by such reference.

In particular, the contracts, agreements or other documents included as exhibits to the registration statement or incorporated by reference herein are intended to provide you with information regarding their terms and not to provide any other factual or disclosure information about us or the other parties to the documents. The documents may contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable document. These representations and warranties have been made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable document and:


should not in all instances be treated as categorical statements of fact, but rather as a way of allocating the risk to one of the parties if those statements prove to be inaccurate;


have been qualified by disclosures that were made to the other party in connection with the negotiation of the applicable document, which disclosures are not necessarily reflected in the document;


may apply standards of materiality in a way that is different from what may be viewed as material to you or other investors; and


were made only as of the date of the applicable document or such other date or dates as may be specified in the document and are subject to more recent developments.

You can obtain any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus through us, or from the SEC. Documents incorporated by reference are available from us without charge, excluding all exhibits unless an exhibit has been specifically incorporated by reference into this prospectus, by requesting them in writing or by telephone from us at the following address and telephone number:

Shell plc
Shell Centre
London, SE1 7NA
United Kingdom
Tel. No.: +44 20 7934 1234

Shell’s ordinary shares are admitted to the Official List of the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority and to trading on the market for listed securities of the London Stock Exchange and listed on Euronext Amsterdam. Shell’s ordinary shares are admitted for trading in the form of ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange. You can consult reports and other information about Shell that it files or makes public pursuant to the rules of the London Stock Exchange, Euronext Amsterdam and the New York Stock Exchange at such exchanges.

Additional information regarding Shell and the Shell Group may be obtained on its website at www.shell.com. Such information is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
10


ENFORCEABILITY OF CERTAIN CIVIL LIABILITIES

Shell is a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. Shell Finance is a private company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands. A majority of Shell’s directors and officers and some of the experts named in this document reside outside of the U.S. and a majority of our assets are located outside of the U.S. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process within the U.S. upon us or these persons or to enforce against us or them, in any of the U.S., the U.K. or the Netherlands, judgments of U.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal or state securities laws.

Shell’s Articles provide that, subject to certain exceptions, all disputes (i) between a shareholder in such capacity and Shell and/or its directors, arising out of or in connection with the Articles or otherwise; (ii) so far as permitted by law, between Shell and any of its directors in their capacities as such or as its employees, including all claims made by Shell or on its behalf against its directors; (iii) between a shareholder in such capacity and Shell’s professional service providers (which could include its auditors, legal counsel, bankers and ADS depositaries); and (iv) between Shell and its professional service providers arising in connection with any claim within the scope of (iii) above, shall be exclusively and finally resolved by arbitration in London, the U.K. under the ICC Rules, as amended from time to time. See “Description of Shell Ordinary Shares — Disputes between a shareholder or ADS holder and Shell, any subsidiary, director or professional service provider”.

The following discussion with respect to the enforceability of certain U.S. court judgments in England and Wales assumes a judgment is rendered in a U.S. court notwithstanding the charter provision of Shell described above and is based upon advice provided to us by our English solicitors, Slaughter and May. The U.S. and the U.K. do not have a treaty providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters (although the U.S. and the U.K. are both parties to the 1958 Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards). Any judgment rendered by any federal or state court in the U.S. based on civil liability, whether or not predicated solely upon U.S. federal securities law, would not be directly enforceable in England and Wales. In order to enforce any such judgment in England and Wales, proceedings must be initiated by way of fresh legal proceedings in respect of the judgment debt before a court of competent jurisdiction in England and Wales. In this type of action, an English court generally will not (subject to the matters identified below) reinvestigate the merits of the original matter decided by a U.S. court and will treat the judgment as conclusive. The matters which would cause an English court not to enforce a judgment debt created by a U.S. judgment are that:


the relevant U.S. court did not have jurisdiction under English rules of private international law to give the judgment;


the judgment was not final and conclusive on the merits. A foreign judgment which could be abrogated or varied by the court which pronounced it is not a final judgment. However, a judgment will be treated as final and conclusive even though it is subject to an appeal or if an appeal is actually pending, although in such a case a stay of execution in England and Wales may be ordered pending such an appeal. The foreign judgment will be treated as non-final and thus non-enforceable in England and Wales if execution in the foreign jurisdiction is stayed pending appeal. If the judgment is given by a court of a law district forming part of a larger federal system such as in the U.S., the finality and conclusiveness of the judgment in the law district where it was given alone are relevant in England and Wales. Its finality and conclusiveness in other parts of the federal system are irrelevant;


the judgment is not for a definite sum of money or is for a sum payable in respect of taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or other penalty or otherwise based on a U.S. law that an English court considers to be a penal, revenue or other public law;


the enforcement of such judgment would contravene public policy in England and Wales;


the enforcement of the judgment is prohibited by statute (for example, section 5 of the U.K. Protection of Trading Interests Act 1980 prohibits the enforcement of foreign judgments for multiple damages and other foreign judgments specified by statutory instrument concerned with restrictive trade practices. A judgment for multiple damages is defined as a judgment for an amount arrived at by doubling, trebling or otherwise multiplying a sum assessed as compensation for the loss or damage sustained by the judgment creditor);
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the English proceedings were not commenced within the relevant limitation period;


before the date on which the U.S. court gave judgment, a judgment has been given in proceedings between the same parties or their privies in a court in the U.K. or in an overseas court which the English court will recognize;


the judgment has been obtained by fraud (on either the part of the party in whose favor judgment was given or on the part of the court pronouncing the judgment) or in proceedings in which the principles of natural justice were breached;


the bringing of proceedings in the relevant U.S. court was contrary to an agreement under which the dispute in question was to be settled otherwise than by proceedings in the U.S. courts (to whose jurisdiction the judgment debtor did not submit by counterclaim or otherwise); or


an order has been made and remains effective under section 9 of the U.K. Foreign Judgments (Reciprocal Enforcement) Act 1933 applying that section to U.S. courts including the relevant U.S. court.

If an English court gives judgment for the sum payable under a U.S. judgment, the English judgment will be enforceable by methods generally available for this purpose. The judgment creditor is able to utilize any method or methods of enforcement available to him/her at the time. In addition, it may not be possible to obtain an English judgment or to enforce that judgment if the judgment debtor is subject to any insolvency or similar proceedings, or if the judgment debtor has any set-off or counterclaim against the judgment creditor.

Subject to the foregoing, investors may be able to enforce in England and Wales judgments in civil and commercial matters obtained from U.S. federal or state courts in the manner described above using the methods available for enforcement of a judgment of an English court. It is, however, uncertain whether an English court would impose liability on us or such persons in an action predicated upon the U.S. federal or state securities law brought in England and Wales.

De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V. (“De Brauw”), our Dutch legal counsel, has advised us that there is doubt as to the enforceability in the Netherlands, in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, of civil liabilities solely based on the U.S. federal securities laws. We have further been advised by De Brauw that the U.S. and the Netherlands do not currently have a treaty providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments (other than arbitration awards) in civil and commercial matters. As a consequence, a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any federal or state court in the U.S. based on civil liability, whether or not predicated solely upon the federal securities laws of the U.S., would not be directly enforceable in the Netherlands. However, a court in the Netherlands would generally recognize and give binding effect to a final judgment without appeal that has been rendered by a U.S. court which is enforceable in the U.S., if it finds that (i) the jurisdiction of the federal or state court in the U.S. has been based on grounds that are internationally acceptable, (ii) that proper legal procedures have been observed, (iii) the judgment would not contravene Dutch public policy and (iv) the judgment is not irreconcilable with a judgment of a Dutch court or an earlier judgment of a foreign court that is capable of being recognized in the Netherlands.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise indicated in an accompanying prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, the net proceeds from the sale of securities will be used for general corporate purposes.
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CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

Our capitalization and indebtedness will be set forth in a prospectus supplement to this prospectus or in a report on Form 6-K subsequently furnished to the SEC and incorporated herein by reference.
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LEGAL OWNERSHIP

Street Name and Other Indirect Holders

We generally will not recognize investors who hold securities in accounts at banks or brokers as legal holders of securities. When we refer to the holders of securities, we mean only the actual legal and (if applicable) record holder of those securities. Holding securities in accounts at banks or brokers is called holding in street name. If you hold securities in street name, we will recognize only the bank or broker or the financial institution the bank or broker uses to hold its securities. These intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions pass along principal, interest and other payments on the securities, either because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required. If you hold securities in street name, you should check with your own institution to find out:


how it handles securities payments and notices;


whether it imposes fees or charges;


how it would handle voting if it were ever required;


whether and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a direct holder as described below; and


how it would pursue rights under the securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests.

Direct Holders

Our obligations, as well as the obligations of the trustee and those of any third parties employed by us or the trustee, under the securities run only to persons who are registered as holders of securities. As noted above, we do not have obligations to you if you hold in street name or other indirect means, either because you choose to hold securities in that manner or because the securities are issued in the form of global securities as described below. For example, once we make payment to the registered holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment even if that holder is legally required to pass the payment along to you as a street name customer but does not do so.

Global Securities

What Is a Global Security?

A global security is a special type of indirectly held security, as described above under “— Street Name and Other Indirect Holders”. If we choose to issue securities in the form of global securities, the ultimate beneficial owners can only be indirect holders.

We require that the securities included in the global security not be transferred to the name of any other direct holder unless the special circumstances described below occur. The financial institution that acts as the sole direct holder of the global security is called the depositary. Any person wishing to own a security must do so indirectly by virtue of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary. The prospectus supplement relating to an offering of a series of securities will indicate whether the series will be issued only in the form of global securities.

Special Investor Considerations for Global Securities

As an indirect holder, an investor’s rights relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. We do not recognize this type of investor as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global security.
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If you are an investor in securities that are issued only in the form of global securities, you should be aware that:


You cannot get securities registered in your own name.


You cannot receive physical certificates for your interest in the securities.


You will be a street name holder and must look to your own bank or broker for payments on the securities and protection of your legal rights relating to the securities, as explained above under “— Street Name and Other Indirect Holders”.


You may not be able to sell interests in the securities to institutions that are required by law to own their securities in the form of physical certificates.


The depositary’s policies will govern payments, transfers, exchange and other matters relating to your interest in the global security. We and the trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in the global security. We and the trustee also do not supervise the depositary in any way.


The depositary will require that interests in a global security be purchased or sold within its system using same-day funds. By contrast, payment for purchases and sales in the market for corporate bonds and other securities is generally made in next-day funds. The difference could have some effect on how interests in global securities trade, but we do not know what that effect will be.

Special Situations When the Global Security Will Be Terminated

In a few special situations described below, the global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing securities. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor; provided, however, that the physical certificates are issued in a registered form for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investors must consult their own bank or brokers to find out how to have their interests in securities transferred to their own name so that they will be direct holders. The rights of street name investors and direct holders in the securities have been previously described in the subsections entitled “— Street Name and Other Indirect Holders” and “— Direct Holders”.

The special situations for termination of a global security are:


When the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary.


When an event of default on the securities has occurred and has not been cured. Defaults on debt securities are discussed below under “Description of Debt Securities — Provisions Applicable to Each Indenture — Events of Default”.


If we determine not to have the securities represented by a global security.

A prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of securities covered by the prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary, and not we or the trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

In the remainder of this description, “you” means direct holders and not street name or other indirect holders of securities. Indirect holders should read the previous subsection entitled “— Street Name and Other Indirect Holders”.
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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

The debt securities of Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US covered by this prospectus will be Shell’s, Shell Finance’s and Shell Finance US’s unsecured obligations, as applicable. The debt securities of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Shell. Shell will issue senior debt securities under an indenture between Shell, as issuer, and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee or another trustee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Shell Finance will issue senior debt securities fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Shell on a senior unsecured basis under an indenture, dated as of June 27, 2006, among Shell Finance, as issuer, Shell (formerly known as Royal Dutch Shell plc), as guarantor, and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee. Shell Finance US will issue senior debt securities fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Shell on a senior unsecured basis under an indenture among Shell Finance US, as issuer, Shell, as guarantor, and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee or another trustee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. We refer to these indentures as the “senior indentures” and these securities as the “senior debt securities”.

Shell will issue subordinated debt securities under an indenture between Shell, as issuer, and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee or another trustee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Shell Finance will issue subordinated debt securities fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Shell on a subordinated unsecured basis under an indenture among Shell Finance, as issuer, Shell, as guarantor, and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee or another trustee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Shell Finance US will issue subordinated debt securities fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Shell on a subordinated unsecured basis under an indenture among Shell Finance US, as issuer, Shell, as guarantor, and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee or another trustee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. We refer to these indentures as the “subordinated indentures” and these securities as the “subordinated debt securities”.

The indentures of Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US will be substantially similar except with regards to the guarantees, as applicable, and for provisions relating to subordination and covenants. We refer to the senior indentures and the subordinated indentures collectively as the “indentures”.

We have summarized material provisions of the indentures, the debt securities and the guarantees below. This summary is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the indentures. We have filed the Shell Finance senior indenture, the forms of the Shell and Shell Finance US senior indentures and the forms of subordinated indentures with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement on Form F-3 of which this prospectus is a part, and you should read the indentures for provisions that may be important to you.

In this summary description of the debt securities, unless we state otherwise or the context clearly indicates otherwise, all references to “Shell” mean Shell only, all references to “Shell Finance” mean Shell Finance only and all references to “Shell Finance US” mean Shell Finance US only. We refer to the indentures of Shell Finance as the “Shell Finance indentures” and the indentures of Shell Finance US as the “Shell Finance US indentures”.

Provisions Applicable to Each Indenture

General. None of the indentures limits the amount of debt securities that may be issued under that indenture, and none of the indentures limits the amount of other unsecured debt or securities that Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US may issue. Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US may issue debt securities under the indentures from time to time in one or more series, each in an amount authorized prior to issuance.

Shell conducts substantially all its operations through subsidiaries, and those subsidiaries generate substantially all its operating income and cash flow. Further, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US are special purpose finance vehicles, have no subsidiaries and conduct no business or revenue-generating operations of their own. As a result, distributions or advances from the subsidiaries of Shell, repayment or refinancing of intra-group lending and interest flows are the principal source of funds necessary to meet the debt service obligations of Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US. Contractual provisions or laws, as well as the subsidiaries’ financial condition and operating requirements, may limit the ability of Shell to obtain cash from its subsidiaries that it requires to pay its debt service obligations, including any payments required to be made under the debt securities and its guarantee of Shell Finance’s and Shell Finance US’s debt securities. In addition, holders of the debt securities and Shell’s related guarantee will have a junior position to the claims of creditors of the subsidiaries of Shell on their assets and earnings. The Articles of Shell also limit the borrowings of the Shell Group to two times its adjusted capital and reserves, as such terms are defined therein, and as such terms are calculated on the date of the then-latest audited balance sheet of Shell. Such limit can be exceeded with the approval of Shell shareholders.
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None of the indentures contains any covenants or other provisions designed to protect holders of the debt securities in the event Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US participates in a highly leveraged transaction or upon a change of control. The indentures also do not contain provisions that give holders the right to require Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US to repurchase their securities in the event of a decline in Shell’s credit ratings for any reason, including as a result of a takeover, recapitalization or similar restructuring or otherwise.

Terms. The prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities being offered will include specific terms relating to the offering. These terms will include some or all of the following:


whether the debt securities will be senior or subordinated debt securities;


whether Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US will be the issuer of the debt securities;


any stock exchange on which debt securities will be listed;


the title of the debt securities;


the total principal amount of the debt securities of the series offered and any limit on the future issuance of additional securities of that series;


whether the debt securities will be issued in individual certificates to each holder or in the form of temporary or permanent global securities held by a depositary on behalf of holders;


the date or dates on which the principal of and any premium on the debt securities will be payable;


any interest rate, which may be fixed or variable, the date from which interest will accrue, interest payment dates and record dates for interest payments;


any right to extend or defer the interest payment periods and the duration of the extension;


any mandatory or optional sinking funds or analogous provisions or provisions for redemption at the option of the holder;


whether and under what circumstances any additional amounts with respect to the debt securities will be payable;


the place or places where payments on the debt securities will be payable;


any provisions for optional redemption or early repayment, including conditions precedent for such optional redemption;


any provisions that would require the redemption, repurchase or repayment of debt securities;


whether payments on the debt securities will be payable in currency or currency units or another form and whether payments will be payable by reference to any index or formula;


the portion of the principal amount of debt securities that will be payable if the maturity is accelerated, if other than the entire principal amount;


any additional means of defeasance of the debt securities, any additional conditions or limitations to defeasance of the debt securities or any changes to those conditions or limitations;


any changes or additions to the events of default or covenants described in this prospectus;
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any restrictions or other provisions relating to the transfer or exchange of debt securities;


any terms for the mandatory or optional conversion or exchange of the debt securities;


with respect to the subordinated indenture, any changes to the subordination provisions for the subordinated debt securities described in this prospectus;


the currency of payment and the denominations in which the debt securities will be issuable; and


any other terms of the debt securities not inconsistent with the applicable indenture.

Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US may sell the debt securities at a discount, which may be substantial, below their stated principal amount. These debt securities may bear no interest or interest at a rate that at the time of issuance is below market rates.

If material to a particular series of securities and not already described in this prospectus, we will describe in the prospectus supplement the restrictions, elections, tax consequences, specific terms and other information relating to those debt securities.

Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets. The indentures generally permit a consolidation, merger or similar transaction involving Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US. They also permit Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, to transfer or dispose of all or substantially all of their assets. Each of Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US has agreed, however, that it will not consolidate with or merge into any entity (other than, with respect to Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, Shell) or transfer or dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to any entity (other than, with respect to Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, Shell) if, immediately after giving effect to such transaction or transactions, an event of default, or an event that, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an event of default, has occurred and is continuing; and unless:


it is the continuing entity; or


if it is not the continuing entity, (i) the resulting entity or transferee assumes the performance of its covenants and obligations under the indentures and, in the case of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US as issuer, the due and punctual payments on the debt securities or, in the case of Shell with respect to the debt securities of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, the performance of the related guarantees, (ii) in the case of debt securities of Shell Finance, the resulting entity or transferee shall be a U.S., U.K. or Dutch entity, or the country in which it is organized shall be a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (or any successor) and (iii) in the case of debt securities of Shell Finance US, the resulting entity or transferee shall be a U.S. entity; provided that, in the case of debt securities of Shell Finance, the resulting entity or transferee is not required to be a U.S., U.K. or Dutch entity, or the country in which it is organized is not required to be a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (or any successor) and, in the case of debt securities of Shell Finance US, the resulting entity or transferee is not required to be a U.S. entity, in each case, if the resulting entity or transferee agrees in the supplemental indenture to be bound by a covenant comparable to that described under “— Payment of Additional Amounts” below with respect to taxes imposed in its jurisdiction of residence.

Additionally, in the event that any entity shall become the owner of 100% of the voting stock of Shell, such entity may, but is not obligated to, assume the performance of Shell’s covenants and obligations under any or all of the indentures, either as issuer and/or as guarantor for the debt securities of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US (a “Voluntary Assumption”). See “Taxation — U.S. Taxation of Debt Securities — Merger and Consolidation/Substitution of Issuer” for discussion of possible tax consequences.

Upon any such consolidation, merger or similar transaction or asset transfer or disposition involving Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, or any such Voluntary Assumption, the resulting entity, transferee or assuming entity, as applicable, will be substituted for Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, under the applicable indenture and debt securities. Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, will thereupon be released from the applicable indenture.
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Events of Default. Unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the following are events of default with respect to a series of debt securities:


failure to pay interest or any additional amounts on that series of debt securities for 30 days when due;


failure to pay principal of or any premium on that series of debt securities for 14 days when due;


failure to redeem or purchase debt securities of that series for 14 days when required;


failure to comply with any covenant or agreement in that series of debt securities for 90 days after written notice by the trustee or by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities issued under that indenture that are affected by that failure;


specified events involving bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of Shell, with respect to Shell Finance’s debt securities, Shell or Shell Finance and, with respect to Shell Finance US’s debt securities, Shell or Shell Finance US; and


any other event of default provided for that series of debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.

A default under one series of debt securities or any other agreement to which Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US is a party will not be a default under another series of debt securities.

If an event of default for any series of debt securities occurs and is continuing, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the series affected by the default may declare the principal of and all accrued and unpaid interest on those debt securities to be due and payable. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the series affected by the default may in some cases rescind this accelerated payment requirement.

A holder of a debt security of any series issued under an indenture may pursue any remedy under that indenture only if:


the holder gives the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default for that series;


the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series make a written request to the trustee to pursue the remedy;


the holders offer to the trustee indemnity satisfactory to the trustee;


the trustee fails to act for a period of 60 days after receipt of the request and offer of indemnity; and


during that 60-day period, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of that series do not give the trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.

This provision does not, however, affect the right of a holder of a debt security to sue for enforcement of any overdue payment.

In most cases, holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series (or of all debt securities issued under the applicable indenture that are affected, voting as one class) may direct the time, method and place of:


conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee; and


exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee relating to or arising as a result of an event of default.
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The indentures of Shell require Shell, and the indentures of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US require Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, as applicable, to file each year with the trustee a written statement as to their compliance with the covenants contained in the applicable indenture.

Modification and Waiver. Each indenture may be amended or supplemented if the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all series issued under that indenture that are affected by the amendment or supplement (acting as one class) consent to it. Without the consent of the holder of each debt security affected, however, no modification may:


reduce the amount of debt securities whose holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;


reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest on the debt security;


reduce the principal of the debt security or change its stated maturity;


reduce any premium payable on the redemption of the debt security or change the time at which the debt security may or must be redeemed;


change any obligation to pay additional amounts on the debt security;


make payments on or with respect to the debt security payable in currency other than as originally stated in the debt security, except as permitted under “Redenomination” below;


impair the holder’s right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with respect to the debt security;


make any change in the percentage of principal amount of debt securities necessary to waive compliance with certain provisions of the indenture or to make any change in the provision related to modification;


with respect to the subordinated indentures, modify the provisions relating to the subordination of any subordinated debt security in a manner adverse to the rights of holder of that security in any material respect; or


waive a continuing default or event of default regarding any payment on or with respect to the debt securities.

Each indenture may be amended or supplemented or any provision of that indenture may be waived without the consent of any holders of debt securities issued under that indenture in certain circumstances, including:


to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency;


to comply with the sections of the indenture governing when Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US may merge (or consummate a similar transaction), transfer their assets or substitute obligors, including any assumption of the obligations of Shell Finance or Shell Finance US under any series of debt securities by Shell or any other subsidiary of Shell or any Voluntary Assumption;


to provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities; provided, however, that the uncertificated debt securities are issued in a registered form for purposes of Section 163(f) of the Code (as defined in “Taxation — U.S. Taxation”) or in such a manner that such uncertificated debt securities are described in Section 163(f)(2)(B) of the Code;


to provide any security for, any guarantees of or any additional obligors on any series of debt securities or, with respect to the senior indenture, the related guarantees;


to comply with any requirement to effect or maintain the qualification of that indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended;
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to add covenants that would benefit the holders of any debt securities or to surrender any rights Shell or, with respect to the Shell Finance indentures, Shell or Shell Finance or, with respect to the Shell Finance US indentures, Shell or Shell Finance US has under the indenture;


to add events of default with respect to any debt securities;


to establish the form or terms of securities of any series as permitted by the indenture;


to supplement any of the provisions of the indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance and discharge of any series of securities pursuant to the indenture; provided, however, that any such action shall not adversely affect the interest of the holders of securities of such series or any other series of securities in any material respect;


to provide for the appointment of a successor trustee with respect of the securities of one or more series or to provide for the administration of the trusts under the indenture by more than one trustee; and


to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of holders of any outstanding debt securities of any series issued under that indenture.

The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series (or, in some cases, of all debt securities issued under the applicable indenture that are affected, voting as one class) may waive any existing or past default or event of default with respect to those debt securities. Those holders may not, however, waive any default or event of default in any payment on any debt security or compliance with a provision that cannot be amended or supplemented without the consent of each holder affected.

Defeasance. When we use the term “defeasance”, we mean discharge from some or all of our obligations under the indentures. If any combination of funds or government securities that are deposited with the trustee under an indenture are sufficient, in the opinion of an independent firm of certified public accountants, to make payments on the debt securities of a series issued under that indenture on the dates those payments are due and payable, then, at the option of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, either of the following will occur:


Shell and, with respect to the Shell Finance indentures, Shell and Shell Finance and, with respect to the Shell Finance US indentures, Shell and Shell Finance US will be discharged from its or their obligations with respect to the debt securities of that series and, if applicable, the related guarantees (“legal defeasance”); or


Shell and, with respect to the Shell Finance indentures, Shell and Shell Finance and, with respect to the Shell Finance US indentures, Shell and Shell Finance US will no longer have any obligation to comply with the merger covenant and other specified covenants under the applicable indenture, and the related events of default will no longer apply (“covenant defeasance”).

If a series of debt securities is defeased, the holders of the debt securities of the series affected will not be entitled to the benefits of the applicable indenture, except for obligations to register the transfer or exchange of debt securities, replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities or maintain paying agencies and hold moneys for payment in trust. In the case of covenant defeasance, the obligation of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US to pay principal, premium and interest on the debt securities and, if applicable, Shell guarantees of the payments will also survive.

Unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement or unless such defeasance occurs within one year of when the securities would be due and payable or called for redemption, we will be required to deliver to the trustee an opinion of counsel that the deposit and related defeasance would not cause the holders of the debt securities to recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If we elect legal defeasance, that opinion of counsel must be based upon a ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or a change in law to that effect.
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Substitution of Shell Finance or Shell Finance US as Issuer. We may at our option at any time, without the consent of any holders of debt securities, cause Shell or any other subsidiary of Shell to assume the obligations of Shell Finance or Shell Finance US under any series of debt securities; provided that the new obligor executes a supplemental indenture in which it agrees to be bound by the terms of those debt securities and the relevant indenture. To the extent that Shell is not itself the new obligor, its guarantee shall remain in place after the substitution unless another entity assumes the role of a guarantor in respect of the debt securities of Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, following a Voluntary Assumption. In the case of debt securities of Shell Finance US, the new obligor must be a U.S. entity, unless the new obligor agrees in the supplemental indenture to be bound by a covenant comparable to that described under “— Payment of Additional Amounts” below with respect to taxes imposed in its jurisdiction of residence. In the case of debt securities of Shell Finance, the new obligor must be a U.S., U.K. or Dutch entity, or the country in which it is organized must be a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (or any successor), unless the new obligor agrees in the supplemental indenture to be bound by a covenant comparable to that described under “— Payment of Additional Amounts” below with respect to taxes imposed in its jurisdiction of residence. In either case, the new obligor with respect to the debt securities of Shell Finance or Shell Finance US will benefit from any optional redemption provision for tax reasons as described below under “— Optional Tax Redemption” or provided for in the prospectus supplement. In the case of such a substitution, the relevant finance subsidiary will be relieved of any further obligations under the assumed series of debt securities. See “Taxation — U.S. Taxation of Debt Securities — Merger and Consolidation/Substitution of Issuer” for discussion of possible tax consequences.

Governing Law. New York law will govern the indentures and the debt securities.

Trustee. Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, or another trustee we identify in the applicable prospectus supplement, will be the trustee under the indentures. The address of Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas is 1 Columbus Circle, 17th Floor, New York, New York 10019, Attention: Global Transaction Banking, Trust and Securities Services. Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, as applicable, may appoint another trustee or a substitute trustee under the indentures or appoint an entity qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 to serve as trustee under the indentures. Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas has served as trustee, paying agent, auction agent, exchange agent and in similar capacities in transactions involving entities in the Shell Group or relating to the debt or long-term payment obligations of members of the Shell Group. Additionally, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas and its affiliates perform certain commercial banking services for us for which they receive customary fees and are lenders under various outstanding credit facilities of subsidiaries of Shell.

If an event of default occurs under an indenture and is continuing, the trustee under that indenture will be required to use the degree of care and skill of a prudent person in the conduct of that person’s own affairs. The trustee will become obligated to exercise any of its powers under that indenture at the request of any of the holders of any debt securities issued under that indenture only after those holders have offered the trustee indemnity satisfactory to it.

Each indenture contains limitations on the right of the trustee, if it becomes a creditor of Shell, or in the case of each Shell Finance indenture, Shell or Shell Finance, or in the case of each Shell Finance US indenture, Shell or Shell Finance US, to obtain payment of claims or to realize on certain property received for any such claim, as security or otherwise. The trustee is permitted to engage in other transactions with Shell, in the case of any Shell Finance indenture, Shell and Shell Finance, and in the case of any Shell Finance US indenture, Shell and Shell Finance US. If, however, it acquires any conflicting interest, it must eliminate that conflict or resign within 90 days after ascertaining that it has a conflicting interest and after the occurrence of a default under the applicable indenture, unless the default has been cured, waived or otherwise eliminated within the 90-day period.

Form, Exchange, Registration and Transfer. The debt securities will be issued in registered form, without interest coupons. There will be no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange of the debt securities. However, payment of any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable for that registration may be required.

Debt securities of any series will be exchangeable for other debt securities of the same series, the same total principal amount and the same terms but in different authorized denominations in accordance with the applicable indenture. Holders may present debt securities for registration of transfer at the office of the security registrar or any transfer agent Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, designates. The security registrar or transfer agent will effect the transfer or exchange if its requirements and the requirements of the applicable indenture are met.
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The trustee will be appointed as security registrar for the debt securities. If a prospectus supplement refers to any transfer agents Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, initially designates, Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, may at any time rescind that designation or approve a change in the location through which any transfer agent acts. Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, is required to maintain an office or agency for transfers and exchanges in each place of payment. Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, may at any time designate additional transfer agents for any series of debt securities.

In the case of any redemption, Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, will not be required to register the transfer or exchange of:


any debt security during a period beginning 15 business days prior to the mailing of the relevant notice of redemption or repurchase and ending on the close of business on the day of mailing of such notice; or


any debt security that has been called for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt security being redeemed in part.

For purposes of the indentures, unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, a “business day” is any day that is not a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in any of New York, New York; London, England; or a place of payment on the debt securities of that series is authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to remain closed.

Payment and Paying Agents. Unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, payments on the debt securities will be made in U.S. dollars at the office of the trustee and any paying agent. At the option of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, however, payments may be made by wire transfer for global debt securities or by check mailed to the address of the person entitled to the payment as it appears in the security register. Unless we inform you otherwise in a prospectus supplement, interest payments may be made to the person in whose name the debt security is registered at the close of business on the record date for the interest payment.

Unless we inform you otherwise in a prospectus supplement, the trustee will be designated as the paying agent. Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, may at any time designate additional paying agents or rescind the designation of any paying agent or approve a change in the office through which any paying agent acts.

If the principal of or any premium or interest on or additional amounts with respect to debt securities of a series is payable on a day that is not a business day, the payment will be made on the following business day.

Subject to the requirements of any applicable abandoned property laws, the trustee and paying agent will pay to us upon written request any money held by them for payments on the debt securities that remains unclaimed for two years after the date upon which that payment has become due. After payment to us, holders entitled to the money must look to us for payment. In that case, all liability of the trustee or paying agent with respect to that money will cease.

Book-Entry Debt Securities. The debt securities of a series may be issued in the form of one or more global debt securities that would be deposited with a depositary or its nominee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Global debt securities may be issued in either temporary or permanent form. We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of any depositary arrangement and the rights and limitations of owners of beneficial interests in any global debt security.

Optional Tax Redemption. We may have the option to redeem the debt securities of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US in the two situations described below. The redemption price for the debt securities, other than original issue discount debt securities, will be equal to the principal amount of the debt securities being redeemed plus accrued (but unpaid) interest and any additional amounts due on the date fixed for redemption. The redemption price for original issue discount debt securities will be specified in the prospectus supplement for such securities. Furthermore, we must give you between 15 and 60 days’ notice before redeeming the debt securities.
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The first situation is where, as a result of a change in, execution of or amendment to any laws or treaties or the official application or interpretation of any laws or treaties, either:


Shell, in the case of debt securities issued by Shell Finance, Shell or Shell Finance, or, in the case of debt securities issued by Shell Finance US, Shell, would be required to pay additional amounts as described later under “Payment of Additional Amounts”; or


Shell or any of its subsidiaries would have to deduct or withhold tax on any payment to any of the issuers to enable them to make a payment of principal or interest on a debt security.

This applies only in the case of changes, executions or amendments that occur on or after the date specified in the prospectus supplement for the applicable series of debt securities.

We would not have the option to redeem in this case if we could have avoided the payment of additional amounts or the deduction or withholding by using reasonable measures available to us.

The second situation is where a person assumes the obligations of Shell, in the case of debt securities issued by Shell Finance, the obligations of Shell Finance, or in the case of debt securities issued by Shell Finance US, the obligations of Shell Finance US, as described above under “— Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets” and “— Substitution of Shell Finance or Shell Finance US as Issuer”, and is required to pay additional amounts. Other than in the case of a Voluntary Assumption, we would have the option to redeem the debt securities even if we are required to pay additional amounts immediately after such assumption. In addition, in all the circumstances described above, including a Voluntary Assumption, we would have the option to redeem the securities if we are required to pay additional amounts as a result of a change in, execution of or amendment to any laws or treaties or official application of any law or treaty that occurs after such assumption.  Additionally, we would not be required to use reasonable measures to avoid the obligation to pay additional amounts in this situation.

Payment of Additional Amounts. The government of any jurisdiction where, in the case of debt securities issued by Shell or Shell Finance US, Shell or, in the case of debt securities issued by Shell Finance, Shell Finance or Shell, is resident may require Shell or Shell Finance to withhold or deduct amounts from payments on the principal or interest on a debt security or any amounts to be paid under the guarantees, as the case may be, for taxes or any other governmental charges. If the jurisdiction requires a withholding or deduction of this type, Shell or Shell Finance, as the case may be, may be required to pay you an additional amount so that the net amount you receive will be the amount specified in the debt security to which you are entitled. However, in order for you to be entitled to receive the additional amount, you must not be resident in the jurisdiction that requires the withholding or deduction. Shell or Shell Finance, as the case may be, will not have to pay additional amounts under any of the following circumstances (including any combination of the following):


(i)
The U.S. government or any political subdivision of the U.S. government is the entity that is imposing the tax or governmental charge.


(ii)
The tax or governmental charge is imposed only because the holder, or a fiduciary, settlor, beneficiary or member or shareholder of, or possessor of a power over, the holder, if the holder is an estate, trust, partnership or corporation, was or is connected to the taxing jurisdiction, other than by merely holding the debt security or guarantee or receiving principal or interest in respect thereof. These connections include where the holder or related party:


(a)
is or has been a citizen or resident of the jurisdiction;


(b)
is or has been engaged in trade or business in the jurisdiction; or


(c)
has or had a permanent establishment in the jurisdiction.


(iii)
The holder is a fiduciary, partnership or other entity that is not the sole beneficial owner of the payment of the principal of, or any interest on, any debt security, and the laws of the jurisdiction (or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) require the payment to be included in the income of a beneficiary or settlor for tax purposes with respect to such fiduciary, a member of such partnership or other entity, or a beneficial owner who would not have been entitled to such additional amounts had such beneficiary, settlor, member or beneficial owner been the holder of such security. The amount of the additional payments otherwise payable to such fiduciary, partnership or other entity will be reduced in proportion to the interest that the ultimate beneficial owners described in the previous sentence own in such holder.
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(iv)
The tax or governmental charge is imposed due to the presentation of a debt security, if presentation is required, for payment on a date more than 30 days after the security became due or after the payment was provided for.


(v)
The tax or governmental charge is on account of an estate, inheritance, gift, sale, transfer, personal property or similar tax or other governmental charge.


(vi)
The tax or governmental charge is for a tax or governmental charge that is payable in a manner that does not involve withholdings.


(vii)
The tax or governmental charge is imposed or withheld because the holder or beneficial owner failed to make a declaration (of non-residence or other similar claim for exemption) or satisfy any information requirements that the statutes, treaties, regulations or administrative practices of the taxing jurisdiction require as a precondition to exemption from all or part of such tax or governmental charge.


(viii)
The tax or governmental charge is imposed or withheld because the holder or beneficial owner failed to comply with any request by Shell or Shell Finance to provide information about the nationality, residence or identity of the holder or beneficial owner.


(ix)
The withholding or deduction is imposed on a payment to a holder or beneficial owner who could have avoided such withholding or deduction by presenting its debt securities to another paying agent.

These provisions will also apply to any taxes or governmental charges imposed by any jurisdiction in which a successor to Shell or Shell Finance is resident. The prospectus supplement relating to the debt securities may describe additional circumstances in which Shell or Shell Finance would not be required to pay additional amounts.

Redenomination. In the case of debt securities of Shell and Shell Finance, Shell or Shell Finance, as applicable, may without your consent elect that, on the “Redenomination Date” specified in a notice to the trustee, a series of debt securities may be redenominated in euro.

The election will have effect as follows:


(i)
each series of debt securities denominated in the specified currency will be deemed to be denominated in such amount of euro as is equivalent to its denomination in the specified currency at the “Established Rate”, subject to such provisions (if any) as to rounding (and payments in respect of fractions consequent on rounding) as Shell or Shell Finance, as applicable, may decide with the approval of the trustee, and as shall be specified in the notice;


(ii)
after the Redenomination Date, all payments in respect of such series of debt securities will be made solely in euro, including payments of interest before the Redenomination Date, as though reference in the series of debt securities to the specified currency were to euro; and


(iii)
such changes may be made to the relevant indenture as Shell or Shell Finance may decide, with the approval of the trustee, as may be specified in the notice, to conform it to conventions then applicable to instruments denominated in euro or to enable the notes to be consolidated within one or more series of other notes, whether or not originally denominated in the specified currency or euro.

“Established Rate” means the rate for the conversion of the specified currency into euro established by the Council of the European Union pursuant to Article 1091(4) of the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended (the “Treaty”).

“Redenomination Date” means any date specified by Shell or Shell Finance for payment of interest on the debt securities if the country of the specified currency is one of the countries then participating in the third stage of European economic and monetary union pursuant to the Treaty. If the country of the specified currency is not so participating, then the Redenomination Date means, with respect to such debt securities, any date for payment of interest so specified that falls on or after the date that such country does so participate.
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Provisions Applicable Solely to Senior Debt Securities

Ranking. The Senior Debt (as defined below) securities will constitute Senior Debt of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, and will rank equally with all of their unsecured and unsubordinated debt from time to time outstanding.

Guarantees of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US Senior Debt Securities. Shell will fully and unconditionally guarantee on a senior unsecured basis the full and prompt payment of the principal of, any premium and interest on, and any additional amounts which may be payable by Shell Finance and Shell Finance US in respect of the Senior Debt securities issued by Shell Finance and Shell Finance US when and as the payment becomes due and payable, whether at maturity or otherwise. The guarantees will provide that in the event of a default in the payment of principal of, any premium and interest on, and any additional amounts which may be payable by Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, in respect of a Senior Debt security, the holder of that debt security may institute legal proceedings directly against Shell to enforce the guarantees without first proceeding against Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable. The guarantees will rank equally with all of Shell’s other unsecured and unsubordinated debt from time to time outstanding.

Provisions Applicable Solely to Subordinated Debt Securities

Ranking. The subordinated debt securities will rank junior to all Senior Debt of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, and may rank equally with or senior to other subordinated debt of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, that may be outstanding from time to time.

Guarantees of Shell Finance and Shell Finance US Subordinated Debt Securities. Shell will fully and unconditionally guarantee on a subordinated unsecured basis the full and prompt payment of the principal of, any premium and interest on, and any additional amounts which may be payable by Shell Finance and Shell Finance US in respect of the subordinated debt securities issued by Shell Finance and Shell Finance US when and as the payment becomes due and payable, whether at maturity or otherwise. The guarantees will provide that in the event of a default in the payment of principal of, any premium and interest on, and any additional amounts which may be payable by Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, in respect of a subordinated debt security, the holder of that debt security may institute legal proceedings directly against Shell to enforce the guarantees without first proceeding against Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable. The guarantees will rank junior to all Senior Debt of Shell and may rank equally with or senior to other subordinated debt of Shell that may be outstanding from time to time.

Subordination. Under the subordinated indenture, payment of the principal of and any premium and interest on and any additional amounts with respect to the subordinated debt securities will generally be subordinated and junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt, including the senior debt securities. Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, may not make any payment of principal of or any premium or interest on the subordinated debt securities unless they first satisfy their respective obligations to pay the principal, interest, premium or any other amounts on any Senior Debt when due.

The subordination does not affect the obligations of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay, when due, the principal of and any premium and interest on or additional amounts which may be payable with respect to the subordinated debt securities. In addition, the subordination does not prevent the occurrence of any default or event of default under the subordinated indentures.

The subordinated indenture does not limit the amount of Senior Debt that Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, may incur. As a result of the subordination of the subordinated debt securities, if Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, becomes insolvent, holders of subordinated debt securities may receive less on a proportionate basis than other creditors, or may receive nothing.
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Unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, “Senior Debt” will mean all debt, including guarantees, of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, unless the debt states that it is not senior to the subordinated debt securities or other junior debt of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable. Senior Debt with respect to a series of subordinated debt securities could include other series of debt securities issued under the subordinated indenture.
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DESCRIPTION OF SHELL WARRANTS

Shell may issue warrants to purchase debt securities of Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US or equity securities of Shell. Warrants may be issued independently or together with any securities and may be attached to or separate from those securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into by Shell and a bank or trust company, as warrant agent, all as will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. It is expected that at the time of any warrant offering, the offering would be structured so as to comply with the requirements of the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority and any other pertinent regulations, including being made by an appropriately authorized person, as necessary.

Subject to applicable law and the Articles, any warrants in respect of ordinary shares (or preference shares where the preference shares have the right to participate beyond a specified amount in a dividend or capital distribution) which are issued by us for cash must first be offered to existing shareholders in proportion to their existing holdings. See “Description of Shell Ordinary Shares” for further information on shareholders’ pre-emption rights.

Debt Warrants

Shell may issue warrants for the purchase of debt securities issued by Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US. Each debt warrant will entitle its holder to purchase debt securities at an exercise price set forth in, or to be determined as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement. Debt warrants may be issued separately or together with any other securities.

The debt warrants are to be issued under debt warrant agreements to be entered into by Shell and one or more banks or trust companies, as debt warrant agent, all as will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. At or around the time of an offering of debt warrants, a form of debt warrant agreement, including a form of debt warrant certificate representing the debt warrants, reflecting the alternative provisions that may be included in the debt warrant agreements to be entered into with respect to particular offerings of debt warrants, will be added as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part by an amendment or incorporation by reference to a subsequent filing.

The particular terms of each issue of debt warrants, the debt warrant agreement relating to such debt warrants and such debt warrant certificates representing debt warrants will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. This description will include:


the initial offering price;


the currency, currency unit or composite currency in which the exercise price for the debt warrants is payable;


the title, aggregate principal amount, issuer and terms of the debt securities that can be purchased upon exercise of the debt warrants;


the title, aggregate principal amount, issuer and terms of any related debt securities with which the debt warrants are issued and the number of the debt warrants issued with each debt security;


if applicable, whether and when the debt warrants and the related debt securities will be separately transferable;


the principal amount of debt securities that can be purchased upon exercise of each debt warrant and the exercise price;


any provisions for changes or adjustments in the exercise price;


if applicable, the number of such debt warrants already outstanding;
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the date on or after which the debt warrants may be exercised and any date or dates on which this right will expire in whole or in part;


if applicable, a discussion of material Dutch, U.K. and U.S. federal income tax, accounting or other considerations applicable to the debt warrants;


whether the debt warrants will be issued in registered or bearer form, and, if registered, where they may be transferred and registered; and


any other terms of the debt warrants.

Equity Warrants

Shell may issue warrants for the purchase of equity securities of Shell (including its ordinary shares). As explained below, each equity warrant will entitle its holder to purchase equity securities at an exercise price set forth in, or to be determined as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement. Equity warrants may be issued separately or together with any other securities.

The equity warrants are to be issued under equity warrant agreements to be entered into by Shell and one or more banks or trust companies, as equity warrant agent, all as will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. At or around the time of an offering of equity warrants, a form of equity warrant agreement, including a form of equity warrant certificate representing the equity warrants, reflecting the alternative provisions that may be included in the equity warrant agreements to be entered into with respect to particular offerings of equity warrants, will be added as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part by an amendment or incorporation by reference to a subsequent filing.

The particular terms of each issue of equity warrants, the equity warrant agreement relating to such equity warrants and the equity warrant certificates representing such equity warrants will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. This description will include:


the title and aggregate number of such equity warrants;


if applicable, the number of such equity warrants already outstanding;


the initial offering price;


the currency, currency unit or composite currency in which the initial price for the equity warrants is payable;


the currency, currency unit or composite currency in which the exercise price for the equity warrants is payable;


the designation and terms of the equity securities that can be purchased upon exercise of such equity warrants;


the total number of equity securities that can be purchased upon exercise of each such equity warrant and the exercise price;


any provisions for changes or adjustments in the exercise price;


the date or dates on or after which the equity warrants may be exercised and any date or dates on which this right will expire in whole or in part;


the designation and terms of any related equity securities with which such equity warrants are issued and the number of such equity warrants issued with each equity share;
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if applicable, whether and when the equity warrants and the related equity securities will be separately transferable;


if applicable, a discussion of material Dutch, U.K. and U.S. federal income tax, accounting or other considerations applicable to such equity warrants; and


any other terms of the equity warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of such equity warrants.
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DESCRIPTION OF SHELL ORDINARY SHARES

The following is a summary of the material terms of Shell’s ordinary shares, including brief descriptions of the provisions contained in the Articles and applicable laws of England and Wales in effect on the date of this document. This summary does not purport to include complete statements of these provisions. References to the provisions of the Articles are qualified in their entirety by reference to our full Articles which are exhibits to the registration statement on Form F-3 of which this prospectus is a part. See the “Description of American Depositary Shares” section below for more information about the rights of holders of our ADSs. For the purposes of the discussion below, references to “we”, “us” and “our” refer to Shell.

Share Capital

For information about our share capital as of December 31, 2022, see note 26 and note 35 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2022 20-F, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and any future descriptions of our share capital filed in our reports under the Exchange Act. For information about our share capital history for the last three fiscal years, see the consolidated statement of changes in equity included in the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2022 20-F, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

Shareholders Meetings

Under the applicable laws of England and Wales, Shell is required to hold a general meeting of shareholders as its annual general meeting (“AGM”) in the period of six months beginning with the day following its accounting reference date (in addition to any other general meetings held during that period). Shareholders may submit resolutions in accordance with section 338 of the Companies Act 2006, and may request that matters be included in the business of the AGM in accordance with section 338A of the Companies Act 2006.

Our board of directors has the power to call a general meeting of shareholders at any time. In addition, our board of directors must call a general meeting upon the request of shareholders holding not less than 5% of Shell’s paid-up capital carrying the right of voting at general meetings of shareholders pursuant to section 303 of the Companies Act 2006. A request for a general meeting of shareholders must state the general nature of the business to be dealt with at the meeting, and must be authenticated by the requesting shareholders. If our board of directors fails to call such a meeting within 21 days from receipt of such notice, and on a date not more than 28 days after the date of the notice convening the meeting, the shareholders that requested the general meeting, or any of them representing more than one half of the total voting rights of all shareholders that requested the meeting, may themselves call a meeting which must be called within three months after the date on which our board of directors became subject to the requirement to call the meeting. Any such meeting must be called in the same manner, as nearly as possible, as that in which meetings are required to be called by our board of directors.

We are required pursuant to the Companies Act 2006 to give at least 21 clear days’ notice of any AGM or, except where the conditions in Section 307A of the Companies Act 2006 apply, any other general meeting of Shell. However, under the Financial Reporting Council’s Guidance on Board Effectiveness, we should give at least 20 working days’ notice before the AGM.

The Articles require that in addition to any requirements under the legislation, the notice for any general meeting must state where the meeting is to be held (the principal meeting place) and the location of any satellite meeting place, as well as details of any arrangements made for those persons not entitled to attend a general meeting to be able to view and hear the proceedings (making it clear that participation in those arrangements will not amount to attendance at the meeting to which the notice relates). The Articles also allow for general meetings, including annual general meetings and/or adjourned meetings, to be held partly through an electronic platform alongside the physical general meeting. Accordingly, the Articles allow for meetings to be held and conducted in such a way that persons who are not present together at the same place may attend, speak and vote at the meeting by electronic means. If an electronic platform is made available for attendance at a general meeting, the notice for the general meeting must also include the electronic platform. The listing rules of the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “Listing Rules”), the Euronext Amsterdam rules and the rules of the New York Stock Exchange require us to inform holders of our securities of the holding of meetings which they are entitled to attend.
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A shareholder is entitled to appoint a proxy (who is not required to be another shareholder) to represent and vote on behalf of the shareholder at any general meeting of shareholders, including the AGM, if a duly completed form of proxy has been received by Shell within the relevant deadlines (in general, where a poll is not demanded, 48 hours (or such shorter time as the Board decides) before the meeting).

Business may not be transacted at any general meeting, including the AGM, unless a quorum is present. A quorum is two people who are entitled to vote at that general meeting. They can be shareholders who are personally present or proxies for shareholders entitled to vote at that general meeting or a combination of both.

If a quorum is not present within five minutes of the time fixed for a general meeting to start or within any longer period not exceeding one hour which the chairman of the meeting can decide, then: (i) if the meeting was called by shareholders, it will be cancelled; and (ii) any other meeting will be adjourned to a day (being not less than 10 days later, excluding the day on which it is adjourned and the day for which it is reconvened), with the time and place decided upon by the chairman of the meeting. One shareholder present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote will constitute a quorum at any adjourned general meeting.

Record dates

Entitlement to attend and vote at the AGM is determined by reference to our Register of Members. In order to attend and vote at the AGM, a member must be entered on the Register of Members (maintained by Shell), the Operator register of members (maintained by CREST) or the register of the Shell Corporate Nominee no later than the record date. The record date will not be more than 48 hours before the meeting, not taking account of any part of a day that is not a working day.

Voting rights

Subject to applicable law and the Articles, the ordinary shares have voting rights on all matters including the election of directors.

It is the intention that all voting on substantive matters at general meetings will take place on a poll. A poll is voting by means of a ballot where the number of shares held by each voting shareholder is counted, as opposed to voting by way of a show of hands where the actual number of shares held by voting shareholders is not taken into account. Under the Companies Act 2006, if a poll is demanded, the resolution conducted on a poll must be approved by holders of at least a majority of the votes cast at the meeting. Special resolutions require the affirmative vote of at least 75% of the votes cast at the meeting to be approved.

On a poll, every holder of ordinary shares present in person or by proxy has one vote for every share he or she holds. This is subject to any rights or restrictions given to the ordinary shares in accordance with the Articles. No shareholder is entitled to vote if he or she has been served with a restriction order after failure to provide us with information concerning interests in his or her shares required to be provided under section 793 of the Companies Act 2006.

Major shareholders have no differing voting rights.

Dividend rights and rights to share in our profit

Under the applicable laws of England and Wales, dividends may be paid on the ordinary shares only out of profits available for distribution, as determined in accordance with the Companies Act 2006 and under applicable accounting standards.

Subject to the Companies Act 2006, if our board of directors considers that our financial position justifies the declaration of a dividend, we can pay an interim dividend. Our shareholders can declare dividends by passing an ordinary resolution. Dividends cannot exceed the amount recommended by our board of directors.

It is the intention that dividends will be declared and paid quarterly. Dividends are payable to persons registered as shareholders on the record date relating to the relevant dividend. All dividends will be divided and paid in proportions based on the amounts paid up on our shares during any period for which that dividend is paid.
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Dividends

The Articles provide that the directors may declare and pay dividends in whatever currency or currencies the board decides, using an exchange rate or exchange rates selected by the board for any currency conversion required. The board can also decide how any costs relating to the choice of currency will be met.

The practice under our current dividend policy is that dividends are declared quarterly in U.S. dollars and we announce the euro and pounds sterling equivalent amounts at a later date using market exchange rates.

Shareholders are able to elect to receive their dividends in U.S. dollars, euros or pounds sterling, while ADS holders receive their dividends in U.S. dollars. Absent any valid election to the contrary, shareholders (including both certificate holders and CREST Members) and persons holding their shares through the Shell Corporate Nominee Service will receive their dividends in pounds sterling. Absent any valid election to the contrary, dividends declared and paid to shareholders who hold their shares through Euroclear Nederland are paid by default in euros.

Any dividend or other money payable in cash relating to a share can be paid by sending a check, warrant or similar financial instrument payable to the shareholder entitled to the dividend by post addressed to the shareholder’s registered address. Alternatively, it can be made payable to someone else named in a written instruction from the shareholder (or all joint shareholders) and sent by post to the address specified in that instruction.

A dividend or other money payable in cash relating to a share can also be paid by inter-bank transfer or by other electronic means (including payment through CREST) directly to an account with a bank or other financial institution (or another organization operating deposit accounts if allowed by us) named in a written instruction from the person entitled to receive the payment under article 118 of the Articles. Such an account is to be an account in the U.K. unless the share on which the payment is to be made is held by Euroclear Nederland and is subject to the Dutch Securities Giro Act. Alternatively, a dividend can be paid in some other way requested in writing by a shareholder (or all joint shareholders) and agreed to by us. We will not be responsible for a payment which is lost or delayed.

In respect of the payment of any dividend or other money payable in cash relating to a share, the directors can decide and notify shareholders that: (i) one or more of the payment means described above will be used for payment and, where more than one means will be used, a shareholder (or all joint shareholders) may elect to receive payment by one of the means so notified in the manner prescribed by the directors; (ii) one or more of such means will be used for the payment unless a shareholder (or all joint shareholders) elects for another means of payment in the manner prescribed by the directors; or (iii) one or more of such means will be used for the payment and that shareholders will not be able to elect to receive the payment by any other means. And, for these purposes, the directors can decide that different means of payment will apply to different shareholders or groups of shareholders.

Where any dividends or other amounts payable on a share have not been claimed, our board of directors can invest them or use them in any other way for our benefit until they are claimed. We will not be a trustee of the money and will not be liable to pay interest on it. If a dividend or other money has not been claimed for six years after being declared or becoming due for payment, it will be forfeited and returned to us, unless the board of directors decides otherwise. A dividend or other money will also be treated as unclaimed for these purposes if: (i) a shareholder (or all joint shareholders) does not specify an address, or does not specify an account of a type prescribed by the directors, or does not specify other details, and in each case that information is necessary in order to make a payment of a dividend or other money in the way in which, in accordance with the Articles, the directors have decided that the payment is to be made or by which the shareholder (or all joint shareholders) has validly elected to receive the payment; or (ii) payment cannot be made by Shell using the information provided by the shareholder (or all joint shareholders).

Issuance of additional shares; other changes in share capital

Subject to applicable law and the Articles, we can issue shares with any rights or restrictions attached to them as long as this is not restricted by any rights attached to existing shares. These rights or restrictions can be decided either by an ordinary resolution passed by our shareholders, or by the board of directors as long as there is no conflict with any resolution passed by our shareholders. Accordingly, without further shareholder approval but subject to the limitations described above, including pre-emption rights, the board of directors could issue one or more series of preferred shares and establish the rights, preferences, redemption terms and other provisions of those shares.
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Subject to applicable law and the provisions of the Articles, shareholders can pass an ordinary resolution to do any of the following:


(i)
consolidate and divide, all or any of our share capital into shares of a larger nominal amount than the existing shares; and


(ii)
sub-divide some or all of our shares into shares of a smaller nominal amount than the existing shares.

The resolution can provide that holders of the divided shares will have different rights and restrictions if those rights or restrictions are of a kind which Shell can apply to new shares.

Subject to applicable law and the provisions of the Articles, shareholders can pass an ordinary resolution to capitalise any sum which is part of Shell’s reserves or Shell is holding as net profits. Additionally, subject to applicable law and the provisions of the Articles, shareholders can pass a special resolution to reduce our share capital, any capital redemption reserve, or any share premium account or any other non-distributable reserve in any way.

We may, subject to applicable law and existing shareholder rights, and to any requirements imposed by any relevant listing authority in respect of securities admitted to listing, purchase our own shares including redeemable shares.

The board of directors can decide the terms and conditions on which any shares in Shell are issued. The board of directors is free to decide with whom it deals, when it deals with the shares and the terms on which it deals with the shares. However, it must take account of the provisions of applicable legislation relating to authority, pre-emption rights and other matters, the provisions of the Articles, any resolution passed by the shareholders and any rights attached to existing shares.

Under the Companies Act 2006, our board of directors may not allot shares in Shell or grant rights to subscribe for or to convert any securities into shares in Shell unless they are authorised to do so by the Articles or by a shareholder resolution. Any such authorisation must state the maximum amount of shares that may be allotted under it and must specify the date on which it will expire (not to exceed five years from the date on which the authorisation is given). At our AGM on May 23, 2023, shareholders passed a resolution authorising the board of directors to allot shares or grant rights to subscribe for or to convert any security into ordinary shares in Shell, up to an aggregate nominal amount of €161.49 million and to list such shares or rights on any stock exchange. This authority was passed in compliance with applicable institutional investor guidelines, and expires at the earlier of the close of business on August 22, 2024, or the end of the AGM to be held in 2024 (unless previously renewed, revoked or varied by Shell in a general meeting), but, in each case, during this period Shell may make offers and enter into agreements which would, or might, require shares to be allotted or rights to subscribe for or convert securities into shares to be granted after the authority ends and the board may allot shares or grant rights to subscribe for or to convert securities into shares under any such offer or agreement as if the authority had not ended.

Rights in a winding up

If Shell is wound up (whether voluntarily or compulsorily) the liquidator can distribute to shareholders any assets remaining after the liquidator’s fees and expenses have been paid and all sums due to prior ranking creditors (as defined under the laws of England and Wales) have been paid.

Redemption provisions

Ordinary shares are not subject to any redemption provisions.
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Sinking fund provisions

Ordinary shares are not subject to any sinking fund provision under the Articles or as a matter of the laws of England and Wales.

Liability to further calls

No holder of our ordinary shares will be required to make additional contributions of capital in respect of our ordinary shares in the future.

Discriminating provisions

There are no provisions in the Articles discriminating against a shareholder because of his/her ownership of a particular number of shares.

Variation of Rights

The Companies Act 2006 provides that the Articles can be amended by a special resolution of our shareholders.

The Articles provide that, if permitted by legislation, the rights attached to any class of shares can be changed in such manners as those rights may provide or (if no such provision is made) if this is approved either in writing by shareholders holding at least three-quarters of the issued shares of that class by amount (excluding any shares of that class held as treasury shares) or by a special resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of the relevant class of shares. At each such separate meeting, all of the provisions of the Articles relating to proceedings at a general meeting apply, except that: (i) a quorum will be present if at least one shareholder who is entitled to vote is present in person or by proxy who owns at least one-third in amount of the issued shares of the relevant class (excluding any shares of that class held as treasury shares); (ii) any shareholder who is present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote can demand a poll; and (iii) at an adjourned meeting, one person entitled to vote and who holds shares of the class, or his or her proxy, will be a quorum. These provisions are not more restrictive than required by the laws of England and Wales.

Limitations on rights to own shares

There are no limitations imposed by the applicable laws of England and Wales or the Articles on the rights to own shares, including the right of non-residents or foreign persons to hold or vote our shares, other than limitations that would generally apply to all of our shareholders.

Transfer of shares

Unless the Articles provide otherwise, a shareholder may transfer some or all of his/her shares in certificated form to another person. A transfer of certificated shares must be either in the usual standard form or in any other form approved by the board of directors. The share transfer form for certificated shares must be signed or made effective in some other way by or on behalf of the person making the transfer.

In the case of a transfer of a certificated share, where the share is not fully paid, the share transfer form must also be signed or made effective in some other way by or on behalf of the person to whom the share is being transferred.

Unless the Articles provide otherwise, a shareholder may transfer some or all of his/her shares in uncertificated form through CREST (the computerized settlement system to facilitate the transfer of title to shares in uncertificated form operated by Euroclear U.K. & International Limited). Provisions of the Articles do not apply to any uncertificated shares to the extent that those provisions are inconsistent with the holding of shares in uncertificated form or with the transfer of shares through CREST.

The person making a transfer will continue to be treated as a shareholder until the name of the person to whom the share is being transferred is put on the register for that share.
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Our board of directors may, without giving any reasons, refuse to register the transfer of any shares which are not fully paid. Our board of directors may also refuse to register the transfer of any shares in the following circumstances:

Certificated shares


(i)
A share transfer form cannot be used to transfer more than one class of shares. Each class needs a separate form;


(ii)
Transfers may not be in favor of more than four joint holders; and


(iii)
The share transfer form must be properly stamped or certified or otherwise shown to our board of directors to be exempt from stamp duty and must be accompanied by the relevant share certificate and such other evidence of the right to transfer as our board of directors may reasonably require.

Uncertificated shares


(i)
Registration of a transfer of uncertificated shares can be refused in the circumstances set out in the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001 (SI 2001 No. 3755), as amended from time to time; and


(ii)
Transfers may not be in favor of more than four joint holders.

Title to certificated shares will be evidenced by entry in the register of our members and title to uncertificated shares will be evidenced by entry in the operator register maintained by Euroclear U.K. & International Limited (which forms part of the register of our members).

Our board of directors may refuse to register a transfer of any certificated shares by a person with a 0.25% or greater holding of the existing capital (calculated excluding any shares held as treasury shares) if such a person has received a restriction notice (as defined in the Articles) after failure to provide us with information concerning interests in these shares required to be provided under the legislation unless our board of directors is satisfied that they have been sold outright to an independent third party. Under section 771 of the Companies Act 2006, when a transfer of shares has been lodged with Shell, Shell must either: (i) register the transfer; or (ii) give the transferee notice of refusal to register, together with its reasons for such refusal, in each case as soon as practicable, and in any event within two months after the date on which the transfer was lodged with it.

Manner of holding shares

There are several ways in which our registered shares or an interest in these shares can be held, including:


directly as registered shares in uncertificated form or in certificated form in a shareholder’s name;


indirectly through Euroclear Nederland (in respect of which the Dutch Securities Giro Act is applicable);


through our Corporate Nominee Service (as defined below);


through another third-party nominee or intermediary company; and


as a direct or indirect holder of an ADS (see the “Description of American Depositary Shares” section of this prospectus).

Holdings through Euroclear Nederland

We expect that the Intermediary or, if applicable, other bank or financial institution where a person who holds interests in our shares through Euroclear Nederland maintains a relevant securities account will send such person a statement detailing the interests in our shares such person holds through Euroclear Nederland. However, whether and, if so, how they do so, will depend on the individual arrangements between such Intermediary or other bank or financial institution and that person.
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Euroclear Nederland has indicated that each person who holds interests in our shares through it will be able to exercise rights relating to those shares such that he/she will (subject to the individual arrangements between that person and the Intermediary or other bank or financial institution where that person maintains a relevant securities account):


be able to attend and speak at, all of our general meetings;


be able to give directions as to voting at all of our general meetings; and


be able to receive dividends via Euroclear Nederland and participate in capital events,

in each case, so far as is possible in accordance with the Dutch Securities Giro Act, other applicable law and the Euroclear Nederland rules and regulations issued pursuant to the Dutch Securities Giro Act and further subject to compliance by all concerned with any applicable policies and procedures.

Holdings through the Corporate Nominee Service

In order to allow the persons who hold our shares through the corporate nominee service provided by Equiniti Financial Services Limited (the “Corporate Nominee Service”) to exercise rights relating to those shares, we have entered into an agreement with Equiniti Financial Services Limited (the “Corporate Nominee”) requiring it to ensure that persons holding our shares through the Corporate Nominee Service will:


receive notices of, and be able to attend and speak at, all of our general meetings;


be able to give directions as to voting at all of our general meetings;


have made available to them and be sent, on request, copies of our annual report and accounts and all the other documents issued to shareholders by us;


be able to receive dividends via the Corporate Nominee Service;


be able to participate in capital events in the same manner as registered holders of the same class of our shares; and


be treated in the same manner as registered holders of the same class of our shares in respect of all other rights attaching to those shares,

in each case, so far as is possible in accordance with the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001 and other applicable law. In particular, residents in, or citizens of, jurisdictions outside the U.K. should be aware that they will not be able to participate in capital events as registered holders of our shares unless the Corporate Nominee is satisfied that such participation or treatment would not breach any applicable laws or regulations in those jurisdictions.

It is the responsibility of persons resident in, or citizens of jurisdiction outside the U.K. to inform themselves of, and to satisfy themselves as to the full observance of, the laws of the relevant jurisdiction in connection with any applicable legal requirements in respect of holding our shares through the Corporate Nominee Service, including the obtaining of any governmental, exchange control or other consents which may be required, or the compliance with other necessary formalities that are required to be observed. If, due to applicable legal requirements, it is not permissible or practical to hold our shares through the Corporate Nominee Service, persons resident in, or citizens of, that jurisdiction should request that they be sent a share certificate for the ordinary shares to which they are entitled.

For so long as a person holds our shares through the Corporate Nominee Service, we will ensure that the Corporate Nominee sends each such person a statement of his/her holding of our shares at least once a year.
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Change in the manner of holding our shares

Holders of our shares may, subject as set out below, change the manner in which they hold such shares. The ability to change the manner of holding our shares is subject to, in each case, compliance with any relevant regulatory requirements and, in respect of holdings through the Corporate Nominee Service, the agreement of the Corporate Nominee and acceptance by the holder of our shares of the terms and conditions of the Corporate Nominee Service.

Holders of our shares who wish to change the manner in which they hold such shares are urged to consult their own legal, tax and financial advisers with respect to the legal, tax and cost consequences of any such change.

Repurchase of shares

Subject to applicable law and the Articles, we may purchase our own shares if in the case of an open-market purchase or an off-market purchase, authority to make the market purchase has been given by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders. However, the guidance from the Investment Association is that authority to repurchase shares whether on-market or off-market should be given by special resolution. We can only repurchase our own shares out of distributable reserves or the proceeds of a new issuance of shares made for the purposes of funding the repurchase.

In connection with our share buy-back programme, we may repurchase ordinary shares, which will be cancelled or held in treasury.

Shareholders’ pre-emption rights

Under the Companies Act 2006, any equity shares issued by us for cash must first be offered to existing shareholders in proportion to their existing holdings (the shareholders’ pre-emption rights). Both the Companies Act 2006 and the Listing Rules allow for the disapplication of the shareholders’ pre-emption rights. The pre-emption rights may be waived by a special resolution of the shareholders, either generally or specifically, for a maximum period not exceeding five years.

At our 2023 AGM, shareholders passed a special resolution giving our board of directors the authority to allot equity shares (or to sell treasury shares), up to an aggregate nominal amount of €24.2 million (in the case of the allotment of shares in Shell, such amount to form part of the total €161.49 million aggregate nominal amount authorized by shareholders at the 2023 AGM in relation to the allotment by the board of directors of shares or the granting of rights by the board of directors to subscribe for or convert any securities into shares), without first offering them to existing shareholders in proportion to their existing shareholdings. This authority was passed in compliance with institutional investor guidelines, and will apply until the earlier of the end of our AGM in 2024 or the close of business on August 22, 2024.

Ability to pay commission on shares and to issue shares at a discount

In connection with any shares issued, we can use all the powers given by applicable law to pay commissions or brokerage. Subject to the provisions of applicable laws and the Articles, we can pay the commission in cash or by allotting fully or partially-paid shares or other securities or by a combination of both. Subject to certain limited exceptions (such as where such terms have been specifically approved by Shell’s shareholders), the Listing Rules limit the maximum discount under which shares may be issued in an open offer, placing, vendor consideration placing, offer for subscription of equity shares or an issue out of treasury to 10% of the middle market price of those shares at the time of announcing the terms of the offer or at the time of agreeing the placing (as the case may be). Furthermore, shares may not be allotted at less than their par value.
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Disputes between a shareholder or ADS holder and Shell, any subsidiary, director or professional service provider

The Articles provide that, subject to certain exceptions, all disputes (i) between a shareholder in such capacity and Shell and/or its directors, arising out of or in connection with the Articles or otherwise; (ii) so far as permitted by law, between Shell and any of its directors in their capacities as such or as its employees, including all claims made by Shell or on its behalf against its directors; (iii) between a shareholder in such capacity and Shell’s professional service providers (which could include its auditors, legal counsel, bankers and ADS depositaries); and (iv) between Shell and its professional service providers arising in connection with any claim within the scope of (iii) above, shall be exclusively and finally resolved by arbitration in London, the U.K. under the ICC Rules, as amended from time to time. This would include all disputes arising under U.K., Dutch or U.S. law (including securities laws), or under any other law, between parties covered by the arbitration provision. Accordingly, the ability of shareholders to obtain monetary or other relief, including in respect of securities law claims, may be determined in accordance with these provisions, and the ability of shareholders to obtain monetary or other relief may therefore be limited and their cost of seeking and obtaining recoveries in a dispute may be higher than otherwise would be the case.

The tribunal shall consist of three arbitrators to be appointed in accordance with the ICC Rules. The chairman of the tribunal must have at least 20 years’ experience as a lawyer qualified to practice in a common law jurisdiction which is within the Commonwealth (as constituted on May 12, 2005) and each other arbitrator must have at least 20 years’ experience as a qualified lawyer.

Pursuant to the exclusive jurisdiction provision in the Articles, if a court or other competent authority in any jurisdiction determines that the arbitration requirement described above is invalid or unenforceable in relation to any particular dispute in that jurisdiction, then that dispute may only be brought in the courts of England and Wales, as is the case with any derivative claim brought under the Companies Act 2006. The governing law of the Articles is the substantive law of England and Wales.

Disputes relating to Shell’s failure or alleged failure to pay all or part of a dividend which has been declared and which has fallen due for payment will not be subject to the arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction provisions of the Articles. Any derivative claim brought under the Companies Act 2006 will not be subject to the arbitration provisions of the Articles.

We have incorporated arbitration clauses into all indemnities granted by us to our directors and into all service contracts between directors and our subsidiaries. We have incorporated an arbitration clause into the deposit agreement relating to the ADSs which applies to us, holders of the ADSs and the depositary.

Pursuant to the deposit agreement, as summarized under “Description of American Depositary Shares”, each holder of ADSs is bound by arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction provisions, which are substantially similar to the arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction provisions in the relevant sections of the Articles.

Summary of Certain Provisions of Shell’s Articles

For a description of certain provisions contained in the Articles, see “Change of Control”, “Capital Changes” and “Threshold for Disclosure of Share Ownership”, each respectively included in “Governance” in the 2022 20-F, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and subsequent filings incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
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DESCRIPTION OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES

General

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as depositary for the ADSs, will register and deliver the ADSs. Each ADS will represent two of our ordinary shares (or a right to receive two shares) deposited with the custodian for the depositary. Each ADS will also represent any other securities, cash or other property which may be held by the depositary in respect or in lieu of deposited ordinary shares. The shares and any other securities, cash or other property held under the deposit agreement are referred to as the deposited securities. The depositary’s office at which the ADSs will be administered is located at 383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11, New York, New York 10179.

You may hold ADSs either (A) directly (i) by having an American Depositary Receipt (“ADR”), which is a certificate evidencing ADSs, registered in your name; or (ii) by having ADSs registered in your name in the Direct Registration System, or (B) indirectly by holding a security entitlement in ADSs through your broker or other financial institution. If you hold ADSs directly, whether certificated or uncertificated, you are a registered ADS holder, also referred to as an ADS holder. This description assumes you are an ADS holder. If you hold the ADSs indirectly, you must rely on the procedures of your broker or other financial institution to assert the rights of ADS holders described in this section. You should consult with your broker or financial institution to find out what those procedures are.

The Direct Registration System (“DRS”) is a system administered by The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), pursuant to which the depositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership shall be evidenced by periodic statements sent by the depositary to the registered holders of uncertificated ADSs.

As an ADS holder, we will not treat you as one of our shareholders and you will not have shareholder rights. English law generally governs shareholder rights. The depositary or its nominee will be the holder of the shares underlying your ADSs. As a holder of ADSs, you will have ADS holder rights. The deposit agreement for the ADSs among us, the depositary and you, as an ADS holder, and the beneficial owners of ADSs sets out ADS holder rights as well as the rights and obligations of the depositary. New York law governs the deposit agreement and the ADSs except that the arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction provisions are governed by English law.

The following is a summary of the material provisions of the deposit agreement. For more complete information, you should read the entire deposit agreement and the relevant form of ADR. The deposit agreement relating to the ADSs and the form of ADR relating thereto, is filed as an exhibit to the registration on Form F-3 of which this prospectus is a part. See “Taxation — U.S. Taxation — U.S. Taxation of Ordinary Shares and ADSs” for a description of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders of holding the ADSs.

Dividends and Other Distributions

How will you receive dividends and other distributions on the shares?

The depositary has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on the relevant deposited securities, to the extent practicable, and after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of shares your ADSs represent.


Cash. While the depositary may receive cash dividends and other distributions from us in U.S. dollars (in which case no conversion will be required) to the extent the depositary receives a cash dividend or other cash distribution in a currency other than U.S. dollars, the depositary will convert such cash dividend or other distribution we pay on the shares into U.S. dollars, subject to certain limitations, including whether it can do so on a reasonable basis and can transfer the U.S. dollars to the U.S. If that is not practicable, the deposit agreement allows the depositary to distribute the foreign currency only to those ADS holders to whom it is practicable to do so (after consultation with us, to the extent reasonably practicable). It will hold the foreign currency it does not distribute for the account of the ADS holders who have not been paid. It will not invest the foreign currency and it will not be liable for any interest.
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Before making a distribution, the depositary will deduct any withholding taxes that must be paid. It will distribute only whole U.S. dollars and cents. Fractional cents will be withheld without liability and dealt with by the depositary in accordance with its then current policies. If the exchange rates fluctuate during a time when the depositary cannot convert the foreign currency, you may lose some or all of the value of the distribution.


Ordinary shares. The depositary may distribute additional ADSs representing any shares we distribute as a dividend or free distribution on the relevant deposited securities or cash available to it resulting from the net proceeds of sales of shares received in a share distribution, which shares would give rise to fractional ADSs if additional ADRs were issued therefor.


Rights to purchase additional shares. If we offer holders of the relevant deposited securities any rights to subscribe for additional shares or any other rights, the depositary may make these rights available to you. If the depositary decides it is not legal or feasible to make the rights available but that it is practical to sell the rights, the depositary may sell the rights and distribute the proceeds in the same way as it does with cash. The depositary will allow rights that are not distributed or sold to lapse. In that case, you will receive no value for them.

If the depositary makes rights available to you, the depositary shall establish a record date in the manner described in the deposit agreement and inform holders of the procedures necessary to permit them to participate in such elective distribution.

If the depositary makes rights available to you, and you elect to exercise such rights, it will exercise the rights and purchase the shares on your behalf. The depositary will then deposit the shares and deliver ADSs to you. It will only exercise rights if you pay it the exercise price and any other charges the rights require you to pay.

U.S. securities laws may restrict transfers and cancellation of the ADSs represented by shares purchased upon exercise of rights. For example, you may not be able to trade these ADSs freely in the U.S. In this case, the depositary may deliver restricted depositary shares that have the same terms as the ADSs described in this section except for changes needed to put the necessary restrictions in place.


Other Distributions. The depositary will send to you anything else we distribute on the relevant deposited securities by any means it thinks is equitable and practical. If it cannot make the distribution in that way, the depositary may decide to sell what we distributed and distribute the net proceeds, in the same way as it does with cash.

The depositary is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any ADS holders. We have no obligation to register ADSs, shares, rights or other securities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). We also have no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADSs, shares, rights or anything else to ADS holders. This means that you may not receive the distributions we make on our shares or any value for them if it is deemed illegal or impractical for the depositary to make them available to you.

Deposit and Withdrawal

How are ADSs issued?

The depositary will deliver ADSs if you or your broker deposits shares or evidence of rights to receive shares with the relevant custodian. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, the depositary will register the appropriate number of ADSs in the names you request and will deliver the ADSs at its designated transfer office.

How do ADS holders cancel an ADS and obtain shares?

You may surrender your certificated ADRs at the depositary’s designated transfer office or in the case of uncertificated ADRs, by proper instructions and documentation. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, the depositary will deliver (i) shares to you or to an account designated by you which may be an account designated by such owner with CREST, Euroclear Nederland or an Intermediary; and (ii) any other deposited securities underlying the ADS to you or a person you designate at the office of the respective custodian.
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Voting Rights

How do you vote?

Under the deposit agreement, upon the written request of an ADS holder, the depositary will endeavor to cause the appointment of such holder as its proxy with power to vote the number of shares its ADSs represent. This means that, subject to the procedures described below, if you are a registered holder of ADSs, you will have a right to attend and vote directly at shareholders’ meetings. You also have a right to instruct the depositary how to vote the number of shares your ADSs represent. The depositary will notify you of shareholders’ meetings and arrange to deliver our voting materials to you if we so request. Those materials will describe the matters to be voted on and explain how you may vote directly or instruct the depositary how to vote. For instructions to be valid, they must reach the depositary by a date set by the depositary. In order for you to vote, the depositary must receive your request to be a proxy prior to the date specified for each meeting.

The depositary will try, as far as practical, subject to English law and the provisions of the Articles, to vote the number of shares or other relevant deposited securities represented by your ADSs as you instruct. The depositary will only vote or attempt to vote as you instruct.

We cannot ensure that you will receive voting materials or otherwise learn of an upcoming shareholders’ meeting in time to ensure that you can become appointed as a proxy to vote or instruct the depositary to vote your shares.

The depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to vote and there may be nothing you can do if your shares are not voted as you requested.

Fees and Expenses

The table below summarizes certain fees that may be payable pursuant to the deposit agreement. For more complete information, you should read the entire deposit agreement and the relevant form of ADR as well as the prospectus supplement for any offering of ADSs.

Persons depositing shares or withdrawing shares must pay:
 
For:
       
$5.00 (or less) per 100 ADSs (or portion of 100 ADSs)
 
Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of shares or rights or other property
       
   
Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including if the deposit agreement terminates
       
   
Distribution of securities distributed to holders of deposited securities which are distributed by the respective depositaries to ADS holders
       
$0.05 (or less) per ADS
 
Any cash distribution made, or for or upon which any elective cash/stock dividend is offered, pursuant to the deposit agreement

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Persons depositing shares or withdrawing shares must pay:
 
For:
       
An amount equal to the fee for the execution and delivery of ADSs pursuant to the deposit agreement which would have been charged as a result of the deposit of such securities
 
When securities or the net cash proceeds from the sale thereof are instead distributed by the depositary to holders entitled thereto
       
Aggregate fee of $0.05 or less per ADS per calendar year (or portion thereof)
 
Services performed by the depositary in administering the ADRs
       
Reimbursement fees
 
Such fees, charges and expenses as are incurred by the depositary and/or any of its agents in connection with the depositary’s services
       
Registration or transfer fees
 
Transfer and registration of shares on our share register to or from the name of the respective depositary or its agent when you deposit or withdraw shares
       
Expenses of the depositary
 
Cable, telex and facsimile transmissions (when expressly provided in the deposit agreement); Converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars
       
Taxes and other governmental charges payable on any ADS or share underlying an ADS, for example, stock transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding taxes
 
As necessary

Payment of Taxes

The depositary may deduct the amount of any taxes owed from any payments to you. It may also sell deposited securities, by public or private sale, to pay any taxes owed. You will remain liable if the proceeds of the sale are not enough to pay the taxes. If the depositary sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to you any proceeds, or send to you any property, remaining after it has paid the taxes.

Reclassifications, Recapitalizations and Mergers

If we:
 
Then:
       
Change the nominal or par value of our shares
 
The cash, shares or other securities received, if any, for the account of the depositary will become deposited securities.
       
Reclassify, split up or consolidate any of the relevant deposited securities
 
Each ADS will automatically represent its equal share of the new relevant deposited securities.
       
Distribute securities on the relevant deposited securities that are not distributed to you
 
The depositary may distribute some or all of the securities it received. It may also deliver new ADSs or ask you to surrender your outstanding ADRs in exchange for new ADRs identifying the new deposited securities.
       
Recapitalize, reorganize, merge, liquidate, sell all or substantially all of our assets, or take any similar action
 
One of the above, as applicable.
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Amendment and Termination

How may the deposit agreement be amended?

We may agree with the depositary to amend the deposit agreement and the ADRs without your consent for any reason. If an amendment adds or increases fees or charges, except for taxes and other governmental charges or expenses of the depositary for registration fees, facsimile costs, delivery charges or similar items, or prejudices a substantial right of ADS holders, it will not become effective for outstanding ADSs until 30 days after the depositary notifies ADS holders of the amendment. At the time an amendment becomes effective, you are considered, by continuing to hold your ADSs, to agree to the amendment and to be bound by the relevant ADR and the deposit agreement as amended.

How may the deposit agreement be terminated?

The depositary will terminate the deposit agreement if we ask it to do so. The depositary may also terminate the deposit agreement if it has told us that it would like to resign and we have not appointed a new depositary bank within 60 days. In either case, the depositary must notify you at least 30 days before termination.

After termination, the depositary and its agents will do the following under the deposit agreement but nothing else: (1) advise you that the deposit agreement is terminated, (2) receive and hold (or sell) distributions on the deposited securities, (3) sell rights and other property, and (4) deliver shares and other deposited securities being withdrawn. As soon as practicable after the fixed termination date, the depositary shall use reasonable efforts to sell any remaining relevant deposited securities by public or private sale. After that, the depositary will hold the money it received on the sale, as well as any other cash it is holding under the deposit agreement for the pro rata benefit of the ADS holders that have not surrendered their ADSs, and it shall have no liability for interest. The depositary’s only obligations will be to account for the money and other cash. After termination our only obligations will be to indemnify the depositary and to pay fees and expenses of the depositary that we agreed to pay.

Limitations on Obligations and Liability

Limits on our Obligations and the Obligations of the Depositary; Limits on Liability to Holders of ADSs

The deposit agreement expressly limits our obligations and the obligations of the depositary. It also limits our liability and the liability of the depositary. We and the depositary:


are only obligated to take the actions specifically set forth in the deposit agreement without gross negligence or willful misconduct;


are not liable if either of us is prevented or delayed by law or circumstances beyond our control from performing our obligations under the deposit agreement;


are not liable if either of us exercises discretion permitted under the deposit agreement;


have no obligation to become involved in a lawsuit or other proceeding related to the ADSs or the deposit agreements on your behalf or on behalf of any other person; and


may rely upon any documents we believe in good faith to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party.

In addition, the depositary shall not be liable for the acts or omissions made by, or the insolvency of, any securities depository, clearing agency or settlement system.

By holding an ADS or an interest therein you will be agreeing that the depositary and its agents may fully respond to any and all demands or requests for information maintained by or on its behalf to the extent such information is requested or required by or pursuant to any lawful authority, including, without limitation, laws, rules, regulations, administrative or judicial process, banking, securities or other regulators.
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Neither we nor the depositary nor any of our or its respective agents shall be liable to registered or other holders of ADSs or any other third party or parties for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential damages (including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses) or lost profits, in each case of any form incurred by any person or entity, whether or not foreseeable and regardless of the type of action in which such a claim may be brought.


In the deposit agreement, we agree to indemnify the depositary for acting as depositary, except for losses caused by the depositary’s own negligence or willful misconduct, and the depositary agrees to indemnify us for losses resulting from its negligence or willful misconduct.

Requirements for Depositary Actions

Before the depositary will deliver or register a transfer of an ADS, make a distribution on an ADS, or permit withdrawal of shares or other property, the depositary may require:


payment of stock transfer or other taxes or other governmental charges and transfer or registration fees charged by third parties for the transfer of any shares or other relevant deposited securities;


payment of any applicable charges (see “Fees and Expenses” above);


satisfactory proof of the identity and genuineness of any signature or other information it deems necessary; and


compliance with regulations it may establish, from time to time, consistent with the deposit agreement, including presentation of transfer documents.

The depositary may refuse to deliver ADSs or register transfers of ADSs generally when the register of the depositary or any register for deposited securities is closed or at any time if the depositary thinks it advisable to do so.

Your Right to Receive the Ordinary Shares Underlying your ADSs

You have the right to cancel your ADSs and withdraw the underlying shares or have shares credited to an account with CREST or Euroclear Nederland (in the case of shares held by admitted institutions (aangesloten instellingen) only, as defined in the Dutch Securities Giro Act) or an Intermediary at any time, subject only to any reason set forth in General Instruction I.A.(1) of Form F-6 (as such instructions may be amended from time to time) under the Securities Act. This right of withdrawal may not be limited by any other provision of the deposit agreement.

Arbitration

Under the deposit agreement, each holder of ADSs is bound by arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction provisions, which are substantially similar to the arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction provisions in the relevant sections of the Articles. For a description of the arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction provisions of the Articles see “Description of Shell Ordinary Shares — Disputes between a shareholder or ADS holder and Shell, any subsidiary, director or professional service provider”.

Direct Registration System

In the deposit agreement, all parties to the deposit agreement acknowledge that the DRS and Profile Modification System (“Profile”) will apply to uncertificated ADSs upon acceptance thereof to DRS by DTC. DRS is the system administered by DTC pursuant to which the depositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership shall be evidenced by periodic statements sent by the depositary to the registered holders of uncertificated ADSs. Profile is a required feature of DRS which allows a DTC participant, claiming to act on behalf of a registered holder of ADSs, to direct the depositary to register a transfer of those ADSs to DTC or its nominee and to deliver those ADSs to the DTC account of that DTC participant without receipt by the depositary of prior authorization from the ADS holder to register the transfer.
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Shareholder communications; inspection of register of holders of ADSs

We have delivered to the depositary, the custodian and any designated transfer office, a copy of all provisions of or governing our shares and any other deposited securities issued by us or any of our affiliates and, promptly upon any change thereto, we shall deliver to the depositary, the custodian and any designated transfer office, a copy of such changed provisions. The depositary will send you copies of those communications if we ask it to. You have a right to inspect the register of holders of ADSs of the relevant class for the purpose of communicating with holders in the interest of our business or a matter relating to the deposit agreement.
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CLEARANCE AND SETTLEMENT

Securities we issue may be held through one or more international and domestic clearing systems. The principal clearing systems we will use are the book-entry systems operated by DTC in the U.S., Clearstream Banking, société anonyme (“Clearstream, Luxembourg”), in Luxembourg and Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V. (“Euroclear”), in Brussels, Belgium. These systems have established electronic securities and payment transfer, processing, depositary and custodial links among themselves and others, either directly or through custodians and depositaries. These links allow securities to be issued, held and transferred among the clearing systems without the physical transfer of certificates.

Special procedures to facilitate clearance and settlement have been established among these clearing systems to trade securities across borders in the secondary market. Where payments for securities we issue in global form will be made in U.S. dollars, these procedures can be used for cross-market transfers and the securities will be cleared and settled on a delivery against payment basis.

Cross-market transfers of securities that are not in global form may be cleared and settled in accordance with other procedures that may be established among the clearing systems for these securities. Investors in securities that are issued outside of the U.S., its territories and possessions must initially hold their interests through Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or the clearance system that is described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

The policies of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg will govern payments, transfers, exchange and other matters relating to the investor’s interest in securities held by them. This is also true for any other clearance system that may be named in a prospectus supplement.

We have no responsibility for any aspect of the actions of DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg or any of their direct or indirect participants. We have no responsibility for any aspect of the records kept by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg or any of their direct or indirect participants. We also do not supervise these systems in any way. This is also true for any other clearing system indicated in a prospectus supplement.

DTC, Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg, and their participants perform these clearance and settlement functions under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers. You should be aware that they are not obligated to perform these procedures and may modify them or discontinue them at any time.

The description of the clearing systems in this section reflects our understanding of the rules and procedures of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg as they are currently in effect. Those systems could change their rules and procedures at any time.

The Clearing Systems

DTC

DTC has advised us as follows:


(i)
DTC is:


(a)
a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the State of New York;


(b)
a “banking organization” within the meaning of the New York Banking Law;


(c)
a member of the Federal Reserve System;


(d)
a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code; and


(e)
a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act.


(ii)
DTC was created to hold securities for its participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between participants through electronic book-entry changes to accounts of its participants. This eliminates the need for physical movement of certificates.
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(iii)
Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include certain other organizations. DTC is partially owned by some of these participants or their representatives.


(iv)
Indirect access to the DTC system is also available to banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that have relationships with participants.


(v)
The rules applicable to DTC and DTC participants are on file with the SEC.

Clearstream, Luxembourg

Clearstream, Luxembourg has advised us as follows:


(i)
Clearstream, Luxembourg is a duly licensed bank organized as a société anonyme incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg and is subject to regulation by the Luxembourg Commission for the Supervision of the Financial Sector (Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier).


(ii)
Clearstream, Luxembourg holds securities for its customers and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among them. It does so through electronic book-entry changes to the accounts of its customers. This eliminates the need for physical movement of certificates.


(iii)
Clearstream, Luxembourg provides other services to its participants, including safekeeping, administration, clearance and settlement of internationally traded securities and lending and borrowing of securities. It interfaces with the domestic markets in over 30 countries through established depositary and custodial relationships.


(iv)
Clearstream, Luxembourg’s customers include worldwide securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include professional financial intermediaries. Its U.S. customers are limited to securities brokers and dealers and banks.


(v)
Indirect access to the Clearstream, Luxembourg system is also available to others that clear through Clearstream, Luxembourg customers or that have custodial relationships with its customers, such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies.

Euroclear

Euroclear is the international central securities depositary of the Euroclear group. Euroclear has advised us as follows:


(i)
Euroclear is incorporated under the laws of Belgium as a bank and is subject to regulation by the Belgian Banking and Finance Commission (Commission Bancaire et Financiére) and the National Bank of Belgium (Banque Nationale de Belgique).


(ii)
Euroclear holds securities for its customers and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among them. It does so through simultaneous electronic book-entry delivery against payment, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates.


(iii)
Euroclear provides other services to its customers, including credit custody, lending and borrowing of securities and tri-party collateral management. It interfaces with the domestic markets of several other countries.


(iv)
Euroclear customers include banks, including central banks, securities brokers and dealers, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include certain other professional financial intermediaries.


(v)
Indirect access to the Euroclear system is also available to others that clear through Euroclear customers or that have relationships with Euroclear customers.
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(vi)
All securities in Euroclear are held on a fungible basis. This means that specific certificates are not matched to specific securities clearance accounts.


(vii)
Shell ordinary shares listed on the London Stock Exchange are settled on the CREST system, which is operated by Euroclear U.K. & International Limited, a U.K. subsidiary of Euroclear. The settlement procedures for this system are described in the CREST reference manual, which can be found on Euroclear U.K. & International Limited’s website at www.euroclear.com.


(viii)
Shell ordinary shares listed on Euronext Amsterdam are settled through Euroclear Nederland, a Dutch subsidiary of Euroclear. The settlement procedures for this system are described on the Euroclear Nederland website at www.euroclear.com.

It should be noted that Euroclear is not involved in the settlement of ordinary shares between CREST and Euroclear Nederland.

Other Clearing Systems

We may choose any other clearing system for a particular series of securities. The clearance and settlement procedures for the clearing system we choose will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Primary Distribution

The distribution of the securities will be cleared through one or more of the clearing systems that we have described above or any other clearing system that is specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Payment for securities will be made on a delivery versus payment or free delivery basis. These payment procedures will be more fully described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Clearance and settlement procedures may vary from one series of securities to another according to the currency that is chosen for the specific series of securities. Customary clearance and settlement procedures are described below.

We will submit applications to the relevant system or systems for the securities to be accepted for clearance. The clearance numbers that are applicable to each clearance system will be specified in the prospectus supplement.

Clearance and Settlement Procedures — DTC

DTC participants that hold securities through DTC on behalf of investors will follow the settlement practices applicable to U.S. corporate debt obligations in DTC’s Same-Day Funds Settlement System, or such other procedures as are applicable for other securities.

Securities will be credited to the securities custody accounts of these DTC participants against payment in same-day funds, for payments in U.S. dollars, on the settlement date. For payments in a currency other than U.S. dollars, securities will be credited free of payment on the settlement date.

Clearance and Settlement Procedures — Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg

We understand that investors that hold their securities through Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg accounts will follow the settlement procedures that are applicable for such securities in their respective settlement systems.

Securities will be credited to the securities custody accounts of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg participants on the business day following the settlement date, for value on the settlement date. They will be credited either free of payment or against payment for value on the settlement date.
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Secondary Market Trading

Trading Between DTC Participants

We understand that secondary market trading between DTC participants will occur in the ordinary way in accordance with DTC’s rules. Secondary market trading will be settled using procedures applicable to U.S. corporate debt obligations in DTC’s Same-Day Funds Settlement System for debt securities, or such other procedures as are applicable for other securities.

If payment is made in U.S. dollars, settlement will be in same-day funds. If payment is made in a currency other than U.S. dollars, securities settlement at DTC will be free of payment. If payment is made other than in U.S. Dollars, separate payment arrangements outside of the DTC system must be made between the DTC participants involved.

Trading Between Euroclear and/or Clearstream, Luxembourg Participants

We understand that secondary market trading between Euroclear and/or Clearstream, Luxembourg participants will occur in the ordinary way following the applicable rules and operating procedures of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg. Secondary market trading will be settled using procedures applicable for such securities in their respective settlement systems.

Trading between a DTC Seller and a Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg Purchaser

A purchaser of securities that are held in the account of a DTC participant must send instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg at least one business day prior to settlement. The instructions will provide for the transfer of the securities from the selling DTC participant’s account to the account of the purchasing Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg participant. Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg, as the case may be, will then instruct the common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg to receive the securities either against payment or free of payment.

The interests in the securities will be credited to the respective clearing system. The clearing system will then credit the account of the participant, following its usual procedures. Credit for the securities will appear on the next day, European time. Cash debit will be back-valued to, and the interest on the securities will accrue from, the value date, which would be the preceding day, when settlement occurs in New York. If the trade fails and settlement is not completed on the intended date, the Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg cash debit will be valued as of the actual settlement date instead.

Euroclear participants or Clearstream, Luxembourg participants will need the funds necessary to process same-day funds settlement. The most direct means of doing this is to preposition funds for settlement, either from cash or from existing lines of credit, as for any settlement occurring within Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg. Under this approach, participants may take on credit exposure to Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg until the securities are credited to their accounts one business day later.

As an alternative, if Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg has extended a line of credit to them, participants can choose not to preposition funds and will allow that credit line to be drawn upon to finance settlement. Under this procedure, Euroclear participants or Clearstream, Luxembourg participants purchasing securities would incur overdraft charges for one business day (assuming they cleared the overdraft as soon as the securities were credited to their accounts). However, interest on the securities would accrue from the value date. Therefore, in many cases, the investment income on securities that is earned during that one business day period may substantially reduce or offset the amount of the overdraft charges. This result will, however, depend on each participant’s particular cost of funds.

Because the settlement will take place during New York business hours, DTC participants will use their usual procedures to deliver securities to the depositary on behalf of Euroclear participants or Clearstream, Luxembourg participants. The sale proceeds will be available to the DTC seller on the settlement date. For the DTC participants, then, a cross-market transaction will settle no differently than a trade between two DTC participants.
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Special Timing Considerations

You should be aware that investors will only be able to make and receive deliveries, payments and other communications involving securities through Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear on days when those systems are open for business. Those systems may not be open for business on days when banks, brokers and other institutions are open for business in the U.S.

In addition, because of time-zone differences, there may be problems with completing transactions involving Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear on the same business day as in the U.S. U.S. investors who wish to transfer their interests in the securities, or to receive or make a payment or delivery of securities, on a particular day, may find that the transactions will not be performed until the next business day in Luxembourg or Brussels, depending on whether Clearstream, Luxembourg or Euroclear is used.

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TAXATION

U.S. Taxation

This section describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of acquiring, owning and disposing of securities we may offer pursuant to this prospectus. It applies to you only if you acquire the offered securities in an offering or offerings contemplated by this prospectus and you hold the offered securities as capital assets for tax purposes. This section, to the extent it represents a discussion of U.S. federal income tax law, is the opinion of Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, U.S. counsel to the issuer.

This section does not apply to you if you are a member of a special class of holders subject to special rules, including:


a dealer in securities or currencies;


a trader in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for its securities holdings;


a regulated investment company;


a real estate investment trust;


a tax-exempt organization;


an insurance company;


a financial institution;


in the case of warrants, ordinary shares or ADSs, a person that actually or constructively owns 10% or more of the voting stock of Shell;


a person that holds offered securities as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction (including, in the case of debt securities, debt securities owned as a hedge, or that are hedged, against interest rate or currency risks), or as part of a constructive sale or other integrated financial transaction;


a person who is an investor in a partnership (or entity or arrangement taxed as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes);


a person who acquires shares through the exercise of options, or otherwise as compensation, or through a tax-qualified retirement plan;


a U.S. expatriate;


holders of options granted under any benefit plan;


a person liable for alternative minimum tax; or


a person whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar.

This section is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations, published rulings and court decisions, all as currently in effect. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis.

If a partnership (or entity or arrangement taxed as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds the offered securities, the tax treatment of a partner generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding the offered securities, you should consult your tax advisor.
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This summary does not address the alternative minimum tax, the rules under Section 451 of the Code with respect to conforming the timing of income accruals to financial statements, any non-income tax (such as estate or gift taxes) or any state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership or disposition of our securities.

You are urged to consult your own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, state and local and other tax consequences of acquiring, owning and disposing of offered securities in your particular circumstances.

All references to principal, interest or other amounts payable on the debt securities include any additional amounts payable by Shell or Shell Finance as described in “Description of Debt Securities — Provisions Applicable to Each Indenture — Payment of Additional Amounts”.

Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders

This section applies to you only if you are a U.S. holder. You are a U.S. holder if you are a beneficial owner of an offered security and you are for U.S. federal income tax purposes:


a citizen or resident of the U.S.;


a corporation, or entity taxable as a corporation, that was created or organized under the laws of the U.S. or any of its political subdivisions;


an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or


a trust if (i) a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more U.S. persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust; or (ii) the trust has made a valid election under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

U.S. Taxation of Ordinary Shares and ADSs

Taxation of Cash Distributions. The gross amount of any cash distribution (other than in liquidation) that a U.S. holder receives with respect to Shell’s ordinary shares or ADSs generally will be includible in such U.S. holder’s gross income on the day on which, in the case of a holder of our ordinary shares, such holder receives such distribution or, in the case of a holder of our ADSs, the depositary receives such distribution on behalf of the holder of the applicable ADSs. The tax treatment of the distribution will depend on the amount of the distribution and the amount of the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the applicable ordinary shares or ADSs as follows:


Distributions paid by Shell with respect to the underlying ordinary shares will be taxed as ordinary dividends to the extent such distributions do not exceed Shell’s current or accumulated earnings and profits (“E&P”), as calculated for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The current maximum income tax rate imposed on certain qualified dividend income received by U.S. holders that are individuals is 20% (the “Reduced Rate”), so long as certain holding period requirements are met and Shell is a Qualified Foreign Corporation (“QFC”) and not a passive foreign investment company (a “PFIC”), each as defined in the Code. Shell believes that it is a QFC and is not a PFIC. As a result, dividends received by individual U.S. holders will generally constitute qualified dividend income for U.S. federal income tax purposes and be eligible for the Reduced Rate (see “— Taxation of Sale or Other Disposition”). There can be no assurance, however, that Shell will continue to be considered a QFC or that Shell will not be classified as a PFIC in the future. Thus, there can be no assurance that Shell’s dividends will continue to be eligible for the Reduced Rate. Special rules apply for purposes of determining the recipient’s investment income (which limits deductions for investment interest) and non-U.S. source income (which may affect the amount of foreign tax credit) and to certain extraordinary dividends.


Because Shell is not a U.S. corporation, dividends Shell pays generally will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowable to corporations under the Code.


To the extent that distributions by Shell exceed its current or accumulated E&P but do not exceed such U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in Shell’s ordinary shares or ADSs, such distributions will be treated as a tax-free return of capital, to both individual and corporate U.S. holders.
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As a return of capital, such distribution will reduce such U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the ordinary shares or ADSs on a dollar-for-dollar basis (thereby increasing any gain or decreasing any loss on a future disposition of the ordinary shares or ADSs).


To the extent that the distributions exceed both Shell’s current or accumulated E&P and the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the ordinary shares or ADSs, such U.S. holder will be taxed as having recognized gain on the sale or disposition of the ordinary shares or ADSs (see “— Taxation of Sale or Other Disposition”).


It is anticipated that dividends on Shell’s ADSs will be announced and paid to the depositary in U.S. dollars, and holders of Shell ADSs will receive dividend payments in U.S. dollars from the depositary. The U.S. holder would include in gross income as a dividend the U.S. dollar amount received by the depositary. It is anticipated that dividends on Shell ordinary shares will be announced in U.S. dollars but the dividend will be distributed in euros or pounds sterling. The U.S. holder would include in gross income as a dividend the amount as received, calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the day the U.S. holder receives the dividend.

Dividends paid by Shell generally will be treated as foreign source income for U.S. foreign tax credit limitation purposes. Subject to certain limitations, U.S. holders may elect to claim a foreign tax credit against their U.S. federal income tax liability for non-U.S. tax withheld (if any) from dividends received in respect of the ordinary shares or ADSs. The limitation on non-U.S. taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. For this purpose, dividends paid in respect of Shell’s ordinary shares or ADSs generally will be “passive category income” and therefore any U.S. federal income tax imposed on these dividends cannot be offset by excess foreign tax credits that such U.S. holders may have from non-U.S. source income not qualifying as passive income. In the case of certain types of U.S. holders, any such dividends may be treated as “general category income” for purposes of calculating the U.S. foreign tax credit limitations. U.S. holders that do not elect to claim a foreign tax credit may instead claim a deduction for non-U.S. tax withheld (if any).

Taxation of Sale or Other Disposition. A U.S. holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss upon a sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized on their disposition and such U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the ordinary shares or ADSs.

Under current law, capital gains realized by corporate and individual taxpayers generally are subject to U.S. federal income taxes at the same rate as ordinary income, except that long-term capital gains realized by noncorporate U.S. holders are currently subject to U.S. federal income tax at a maximum rate of 20%. Certain limitations exist on the deductibility of capital losses by both corporate and individual taxpayers. Capital gains and losses on the sale or other disposition by a U.S. holder of ordinary shares or ADSs generally should constitute gains or losses from sources within the U.S.

For cash basis U.S. holders who receive foreign currency in connection with a sale or other taxable disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs, the amount realized will be based on the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency received with respect to such ordinary shares or ADSs as determined on the settlement date of such sale or other taxable disposition.

Accrual basis U.S. holders may elect the same treatment required of cash basis taxpayers with respect to a sale or other taxable disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs, provided that the election is applied consistently from year to year. Such election may not be changed without the consent of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. Accrual basis U.S. holders who or which do not elect to be treated as cash basis taxpayers (pursuant to the U.S. Treasury regulations applicable to foreign currency transactions) for this purpose may have a foreign currency gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes because of differences between the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency received prevailing on the date of the sale or other taxable disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs and the date of payment. Any such foreign currency gain or loss generally will constitute gain or loss from sources within the U.S. and generally will be treated as ordinary income or loss and would be in addition to gain or loss, if any, recognized on the sale or other taxable disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs.
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A U.S. holder’s tax basis in the foreign currency received will equal the U.S. dollar value on the settlement date. Any foreign currency gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder on a conversion of foreign currency into U.S. dollars generally will constitute ordinary income or loss from sources within the U.S. and will be in addition to gain or loss, if any, recognized on the sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs.

Deposits and Withdrawals. Deposits and withdrawals by U.S. holders of ordinary shares in exchange for ADSs and of ADSs in exchange for ordinary shares will not be subject to any U.S. federal income tax.

U.S. Backup Withholding and Information Reporting. In general, information reporting requirements will apply to payments of dividends on ordinary shares or ADSs and the proceeds of certain sales of ordinary shares or ADSs in respect of U.S. holders other than certain exempt persons (such as corporations). A backup withholding tax (at a rate of 24%) will apply to such payments if the U.S. holder fails to provide a correct taxpayer identification number or other certification of exempt status or, with respect to certain payments, the U.S. holder fails to report in full all dividend and interest income and the U.S. Internal Revenue Service notifies the payer of such under-reporting. Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be credited against a holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, and a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be obtained by filing the appropriate claim form with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors about these rules and any other reporting obligations that may apply to the ownership or disposition of the ordinary shares or ADSs.

U.S. Taxation of Warrants

A prospectus supplement will describe, if applicable, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your ownership of warrants and any equity or debt securities issued together with them.

U.S. Taxation of Debt Securities

This discussion deals only with debt securities that are treated as indebtedness for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning debt securities that are not so treated will be discussed in an applicable prospectus supplement.

Merger and Consolidation/Substitution of Issuer

If we engage in the activities described under “Description of Debt Securities — Provisions Applicable to Each Indenture — Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets” or “Description of Debt Securities — Provisions Applicable to Each Indenture — Substitution of Shell Finance or Shell Finance US as Issuer”, a U.S. holder could be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as having constructively exchanged its debt securities for new debt securities in a taxable transaction, resulting in realization of gain or loss. U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors with regard to whether our engaging in such activities results in a constructive exchange and, if so, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of such constructive exchange and of holding the new debt securities such holder is deemed to receive.

Taxation of Interest

The tax treatment of interest paid on the debt securities depends upon whether the interest is “Qualified Stated Interest”. A debt security may have some interest that is Qualified Stated Interest and some that is not.

“Qualified Stated Interest” is any interest that meets all the following conditions:


It is payable at least once each year in cash or property (other than additional debt securities).


It is payable over the entire term of the debt security.


It is payable at a single fixed rate or under a single formula.


The debt security has a maturity of more than one year from its issue date.
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If any interest on a debt security is Qualified Stated Interest, then


If the U.S. holder is a cash method taxpayer (including most individual holders), such U.S. holder must report that interest in income when received.


If the U.S. holder is an accrual method taxpayer, such U.S. holder must report that interest in income as it accrues.

If any interest on a debt security is not Qualified Stated Interest, it is subject to the rules for original issue discount (“OID”) described below.

Subject to certain limitations (including certain requirements imposed by recently issued U.S. Treasury regulations, although a recent notice from the IRS indicates that the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the IRS are considering proposing amendments to such U.S. Treasury regulations and also allows taxpayers to defer the application of many aspects of such U.S. Treasury regulations for taxable years ending on or before December 31, 2023), U.S. holders may elect to claim a foreign tax credit against their U.S. federal income tax liability for non-U.S. tax withheld (if any) from interest received in respect of Shell or Shell Finance debt securities. Interest paid on, and OID, if any, accrued with respect to the debt securities that are issued by Shell or Shell Finance will constitute income from sources outside the U.S., and generally will be “passive category income”, and therefore any U.S. federal income tax imposed with respect to such interest and OID, if any, cannot be offset by excess foreign tax credits from non-U.S. source income not qualifying as passive income. In the case of certain types of U.S. holders, any such interest or OID may be treated as “general category income” for purposes of calculating the U.S. foreign tax credit limitations. If the U.S. holder does not elect to claim a foreign tax credit for interest received in respect of Shell or Shell Finance debt securities, such U.S. holder may instead claim a deduction for non-U.S. tax withheld (if any).

Determining Amount of OID

Debt securities that have OID are subject to additional tax rules. The amount of OID on a debt security is determined as follows:


The amount of OID on a debt security is the “stated redemption price at maturity” of the debt security minus the “issue price” of the debt security. If this amount is zero or negative, there is no OID.


The “stated redemption price at maturity” of a debt security is the total amount of all principal and interest payments to be made on the debt security, other than Qualified Stated Interest. In a typical case where all interest is Qualified Stated Interest, the stated redemption price at maturity is the same as the principal amount.


The “issue price” of a debt security is the first price at which a substantial amount of the debt securities is sold to the public.


Under a special rule, if the OID determined under the general formula is very small, it is disregarded and not treated as OID. This disregarded OID is called “de minimis OID”. If all the stated interest on a debt security is Qualified Stated Interest, OID is treated as de minimis if the amount of OID is less than the following items multiplied together: (a) .25% (that is, 1/4 of 1%), (b) the number of full years from the issue date to the maturity date of the debt security, and (c) the stated redemption price at maturity.
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Accrual of OID into Income

If a debt security has more than de minimis OID, the following consequences arise:


U.S. holders must include the total amount of OID as ordinary income over the life of the debt security.


U.S. holders must include OID in income as the OID accrues on the debt securities, even if such holders are on the cash method of accounting. This means that such holders are required to report OID income, and in some cases pay tax on that income, before receiving the cash that corresponds to that income.


OID accrues on a debt security on a “constant yield” method. This method takes into account the compounding of interest. Under this method, the accrual of OID on a debt security, combined with the inclusion into income of any Qualified Stated Interest on the debt security, will result in the U.S. holder being taxable at approximately a constant percentage of such U.S. holder’s unrecovered investment in the debt security.


The accruals of OID on a debt security generally will be less in the early years and more in the later years.


If any of the stated interest paid on the debt security is not Qualified Stated Interest, that interest is taxed solely as OID. It is not separately taxed when it is paid.


A holder’s tax basis in the debt security is initially its cost to the U.S. holder. It increases by any OID (not including Qualified Stated Interest) reported as income. It decreases by any principal payments received on the debt security and by any interest payments received that are not Qualified Stated Interest.

Debt Securities Subject to Additional Tax Rules

Additional or different tax rules apply to several types of debt securities that we may issue.

Short-Term Debt Securities: We may issue debt securities with a maturity of one year or less. These are referred to as “short-term debt securities”.


No interest on these debt securities is Qualified Stated Interest. Otherwise, the amount of OID is calculated in the same manner as described above.


U.S. holders may make certain elections concerning the method of accrual of OID on short-term debt securities over the life of the debt securities.


If the U.S. holder is an accrual method taxpayer, a bank, a securities dealer, or in certain other categories, OID must be included in income as it accrues (determined on a ratable basis, unless the holder elects to use a constant yield method).


If the U.S. holder is a cash method taxpayer not subject to the accrual rule described above, OID will not be included in income until payments on the debt security are actually received. Alternatively, the U.S. holder can elect to include OID in income as it accrues (determined on a ratable basis, unless the holder elects to use a constant yield method).


Two special rules apply if the U.S. holder is a cash method taxpayer and does not include OID in income as it accrues. First, if the debt security is sold or it is paid at maturity, producing a taxable gain, then the gain is ordinary income to the extent of the accrued OID on the debt security at the time of the sale that has not yet been taken into income. Second, if the U.S. holder borrows money (or does not repay outstanding debt) to acquire or hold the debt security, then while the debt security is held, any interest on the borrowing that corresponds to accrued OID on the debt security cannot be deducted until OID is included in income.
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Floating Rate Debt Securities: Floating rate debt securities are subject to special OID rules.


If the interest rate is determined using a single fixed formula and is based on objective financial information (which may include a fixed interest rate for the initial period) or if it reflects variations in the cost of newly borrowed funds, all the interest will be Qualified Stated Interest. The amount of OID (if any), and the method of accrual of OID, will then be calculated by converting the debt security’s initial floating rate into a fixed rate and by applying the general OID rules described above.


If the debt security has more than one formula for interest rates, it is possible that the combination of interest rates might create OID. We suggest that you consult your tax advisor concerning the OID accruals on such a debt security.

Foreign Currency Debt Securities: A “foreign currency debt security” is a debt security denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars. Special tax rules apply to these debt securities:


If the U.S. holder is a cash method taxpayer, such holder will be taxed on the U.S. dollar value of any foreign currency received as interest. The dollar value will be determined as of the date when payments are received.


If the U.S. holder is an accrual method taxpayer, such holder must report interest income as it accrues. The U.S. holder can use the average foreign currency exchange rate during the relevant interest accrual period (or, if that period spans two taxable years, during the portion of the interest accrual period in the relevant taxable year). In this case, such holder will recognize foreign exchange gain or loss upon receipt of the foreign currency to reflect actual exchange rates at that time. Certain alternative elections also may be available.


Any OID on foreign currency debt securities as well as the amortization of any bond premium will be determined in the relevant foreign currency. OID must be accrued in the same manner that an accrual basis holder accrues interest income.


The initial tax basis in a foreign currency debt security is the amount of U.S. dollars paid for the debt security (or, if paid in foreign currency, the value of that foreign currency on the purchase date). Adjustments are made to reflect OID and other items as described above.


If foreign currency is collected upon the maturity of the debt security, or if the debt security is sold for foreign currency, gain or loss will be based on the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency received. For a publicly traded foreign currency debt security, this value is determined for cash basis taxpayers on the settlement date for the sale of the debt security, and for accrual basis taxpayers on the trade date for the sale (although such taxpayers can also elect the settlement date). The tax basis in the foreign currency will then be equal to the value reported on the sale.


Any gain or loss on the sale or retirement of a debt security will be ordinary income or loss and sourced to the U.S. to the extent it arises from currency fluctuations between the purchase date and sale date. Any gain or loss on the sale of foreign currency will also be ordinary income or loss.

Other Categories of Debt Securities: Additional rules may apply to certain other categories of debt securities. The Prospectus Supplement for these debt securities may describe these rules. In addition, we suggest that you consult your tax advisor in these situations. These categories of debt securities include:


debt securities with contingent payments;


debt securities that can be put to us before their maturity;


debt securities that are callable by us before their maturity, other than typical calls at a premium;


indexed debt securities with an index tied to currencies; and


debt securities the maturity of which is extendable at the U.S. holder’s option or at our option.
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Premium and Discount

Additional special rules apply in the following situations involving premium or discount:


If a debt security is bought in the initial offering for more than its stated redemption price at maturity — disregarding that part of the purchase price allocated to accrued interest — the excess amount paid will be “bond premium”. The U.S. holder can elect to use bond premium to reduce taxable interest income from the debt security. Under the election, the total premium will be allocated to interest periods, as an offset to interest income, on a “constant yield” basis over the life of the debt security — that is, with a smaller offset in the early periods and a larger offset in the later periods. This election is made on the U.S. holder’s tax return for the first taxable year to which the U.S. holder desires the election to apply. However, if the election is made, it automatically applies to all debt instruments with bond premium that the U.S. holder owns during that year or that are acquired at any time thereafter, unless the U.S. Internal Revenue Service permits such holder to revoke the election. A U.S. holder that does not elect to amortize bond premium and that holds a debt security to maturity generally will be required to treat the premium as a capital loss when the debt security matures.


Similarly, if a debt security has OID and it is bought in the initial offering for more than the issue price (but not more than the stated redemption price at maturity), the excess is called “acquisition premium”. The amount of OID the U.S. holder is required to include in income will be reduced by this amount over the life of the debt security.


If a debt security is bought in the initial offering for less than the initial offering price to the public, special rules concerning “market discount” may apply.

Appropriate adjustments to tax basis are made in these situations. We suggest that you consult your tax advisor if you are in one of these situations.

Accrual Election

The U.S. holder can elect to be taxed on the income from the debt security in a different manner than described above. Under the election:


No interest is Qualified Stated Interest.


Amounts are included in income as they economically accrue. The accrual of income is in accordance with the constant yield method, based on the compounding of interest. The accrual of income takes into account stated interest, OID (including de minimis OID), market discount and premium.


Tax basis is increased by all accruals of income and decreased by all payments received on the debt security.

Taxation of Sale or Retirement of Debt Securities

On sale or retirement of the debt security:


The U.S. holder will have taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount received and such holder’s tax basis in the debt security. Such gain or loss will be U.S. source. The tax basis in the debt security is such holder’s cost, subject to certain adjustments.


The U.S. holder’s gain or loss will generally be capital gain or loss, and will be long term capital gain or loss if the debt security was held for more than one year. For an individual, the maximum tax rate on long term capital gains is currently 20%.


If (a) the debt security was purchased with de minimis OID, (b) no election to accrue all OID into income was made, and (c) the principal amount of the debt security is received by the U.S. holder upon the sale or retirement, then such holder generally will have capital gain equal to the amount of the de minimis OID.


If the debt security is sold between interest payment dates, a portion of the amount received reflects interest that has accrued on the debt security but has not yet been paid by the sale date. That amount is treated as ordinary interest income and not as sale proceeds.


All or part of the gain may be ordinary income rather than capital gain in certain cases, including sales of short-term debt securities, debt securities with market discount, debt securities with contingent payments and foreign currency debt securities.
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Disclosure Requirements

U.S. Treasury regulations meant to require reporting of certain tax shelter transactions (“Reportable Transactions”) could be interpreted to cover transactions generally not regarded as tax shelters, including certain foreign currency transactions. Under U.S. Treasury regulations, certain transactions may be characterized as Reportable Transactions including, in certain circumstances, a sale, exchange, retirement or other taxable disposition of debt denominated in a foreign currency, which results in a foreign currency loss exceeding certain thresholds. Persons considering the purchase of debt denominated in a foreign currency should consult with their own tax advisers to determine the tax return disclosure obligations, if any, with respect to an investment in debt denominated in a foreign currency, including any requirement to file IRS Form 8886 (Reportable Transaction Disclosure Statement).

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Under the tax rules concerning information reporting to the IRS:


Assuming the debt securities are held through a broker or other securities intermediary, the intermediary must provide information to the IRS and to the U.S. holder on IRS Form 1099 concerning interest, OID and retirement proceeds on the debt securities, unless an exemption applies. As discussed above under “Premium and Discount”, if the debt securities have OID, the amount reported to such holder may have to be adjusted to reflect the amount that must be reported in such holder’s tax return.


Similarly, unless an exemption applies, the U.S. holder must provide the intermediary with such holder’s Taxpayer Identification Number for its use in reporting information to the IRS. If the U.S. holder is an individual, this is such holder’s social security number. The U.S. holder is also required to comply with other IRS requirements concerning information reporting.


If the U.S. holder is subject to these requirements but does not comply, the intermediary must withhold (at a rate of 24%) of all amounts payable on the debt securities (including principal payments). This is called “backup withholding”. If the intermediary withholds payments, the U.S. holder may credit the withheld amount against its federal income tax liability.


All individuals are subject to these requirements. Some holders, including all corporations, tax-exempt organizations and individual retirement accounts, are exempt from these requirements, but may have to establish their entitlement to an exemption.

Tax Reporting

U.S. individuals that hold certain “specified foreign financial assets” (which include stock or securities issued by a foreign corporation) are generally required to file information reports with respect to such assets with their U.S. federal income tax returns. U.S. holders are urged to consult with their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of this legislation on their investment in our securities.

Medicare Tax on Certain Investment Income

Certain non-corporate U.S. holders whose income exceeds certain thresholds may also be subject to a 3.8% tax on their “net investment income” up to the amount of such excess. Ordinary dividends and interest received by a U.S. holder of offered securities (without reduction for withholding taxes, if any), and gain or loss recognized on the sale or other disposition by a U.S. holder of offered securities, generally will be includable in a U.S. holder’s net investment income for purposes of this tax. Non-corporate U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible effect of such tax on their ownership of offered securities.
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Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders

This section applies to you only if you are a non-U.S. holder of debt securities issued by Shell Finance US. You are a “non-U.S. holder” if you are a beneficial owner debt securities issued by Shell Finance US and you are for U.S. federal income tax purposes an individual, corporation, estate or trust that is not a U.S. holder.

Withholding Taxes

Subject to the discussion below under “FATCA”, payments of principal and interest on the debt securities generally will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding taxes. However, for the exemption from withholding taxes on interest to apply to non-U.S. holders, a non-U.S. holder must meet one of the following requirements:


The non-U.S. holder provides a completed U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or Form W-8BEN-E , as applicable, to the bank, broker or other intermediary through which the non-U.S. holder holds the debt securities and qualifies for the “portfolio interest” exemption. Form W-8BEN or Form W-8BEN-E, as applicable, contains the non-U.S. holder’s name, address and a statement that the holder is the beneficial owner of the debt securities and is not a U.S. holder.


The non-U.S. holder holds the debt securities directly through a “qualified intermediary”, and the qualified intermediary has sufficient information in its files indicating that the holder is not a U.S. holder. A qualified intermediary is a bank, broker or other intermediary that (i) is either a U.S. or non-U.S. entity, (ii) is acting out of a non-U.S. branch or office and (iii) has signed an agreement with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service providing that it will administer all or part of the U.S. tax withholding rules under specified procedures.


The non-U.S. holder is entitled to an exemption from withholding tax on interest under a tax treaty between the United States and the non-U.S. holder’s country of residence. To claim this exemption, the non-U.S. holder generally must complete Form W-8BEN or Form W-8BEN-E, as applicable, and fill out Part III of the form to state the non-U.S. holder’s claim for treaty benefits. In some cases, the non-U.S. holder may instead be permitted to provide documentary evidence of the non-U.S. holder’s claim to the intermediary, or a qualified intermediary may already have some or all of the necessary evidence in its files.


The interest income on the debt securities is effectively connected with the conduct of the non-U.S. holder’s trade or business in the Unites States, and is not exempt from U.S. tax under a tax treaty. To claim this exemption, the non-U.S. holder must complete U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-8ECI.

Even if non-U.S. holders meet one of the above requirements, interest paid to non-U.S. holders will be subject to withholding tax under any of the following circumstances:


The withholding agent or an intermediary knows or has reason to know that the non-U.S. holder is not entitled to an exemption from withholding tax. Specific rules apply for this test.


The U.S. Internal Revenue Service notifies the withholding agent that information that the non-U.S. holder or an intermediary provided concerning the non-U.S. holder’s status is false.


An intermediary through which the non-U.S. holder holds the debt securities fails to comply with the procedures necessary to avoid withholding taxes on the debt securities. In particular, an intermediary is generally required to forward a copy of the non-U.S. holder’s Form W-8BEN or Form W-8BEN-E (or other documentary information concerning the non-U.S. holder’s status), as applicable, to the withholding agent for the debt securities. However, if the non-U.S. holder holds its debt securities through a qualified intermediary—or if there is a qualified intermediary in the chain of title between the non-U.S. holder and the withholding agent for the debt securities—the qualified intermediary will not generally forward this information to the withholding agent.
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Sales or Retirement of Debt Securities

If the non-U.S. holder sells a debt security or it is redeemed, the non-U.S. holder will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain unless one of the following applies:


The gain is connected with a trade or business that the non-U.S. holder conducts in the United States.


The non-U.S. holder is an individual present in the United States for at least 183 days during the year in which the non-U.S. holder disposes of the debt security and certain other conditions are satisfied.


Any gain represents accrued interest, in which case the rules for interest would apply to the portion that represents interest.

U.S. Trade or Business

Unless an applicable income tax treaty provides otherwise, if the non-U.S. holder holds a debt security in connection with a trade or business that the non-U.S. holder is conducting in the United States:


Any interest on the debt security, and any gain from disposing of the debt security, generally will be subject to income tax as if the holder were a U.S. holder.


If the non-U.S. holder is a corporation, the non-U.S. holder may be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” on the non-U.S. holder’s earnings that are connected with its U.S. trade or business, including earnings from the debt security. This tax is currently 30% but may be reduced or eliminated by an applicable income tax treaty.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

U.S. federal income tax rules concerning information reporting and backup withholding for non-U.S. holders are as follows:


Principal and interest payments that the non-U.S. holder receives will be automatically exempt from the backup withholding if the non-U.S. holder provides the tax certifications needed to avoid withholding tax on interest, as described above. The exemption does not apply if the recipient of the applicable form knows or has reason to know that the non-U.S. holder should be subject to the usual information reporting or backup withholding rules. In addition, interest payments made to the non-U.S. holder may be reported to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service on Form 1042-S.


Sale proceeds that the non-U.S. holder receives on a sale of the non-U.S. holder’s debt securities through a broker may be subject to information reporting and/or backup withholding if the non-U.S. holder is not eligible for an exemption. In particular, information reporting and backup reporting may apply if the non-U.S. holder uses the U.S. office of a broker, and information reporting (but not generally backup withholding) may apply if the non-U.S. holder uses the foreign office of a broker that has certain connections to the United States.

In general, the non-U.S. holder may file Form W-8BEN or Form W-8BEN-E, as applicable, to claim an exemption from information reporting and backup withholding. Non-U.S. holders consult their own tax advisors concerning information reporting and backup withholding on a sale of their debt securities.
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FATCA

Under FATCA, U.S. federal withholding tax, currently at a rate of 30%, may apply to any interest income paid on the debt securities (including additional amounts, if any) to (i) a “foreign financial institution” (as specifically defined in the Code) that does not provide sufficient documentation evidencing either (x) an exemption from FATCA, or (y) its compliance (or deemed compliance) with FATCA (which may alternatively be in the form of compliance with an intergovernmental agreement with the United States) in a manner that avoids withholding, or (ii) a “non-financial foreign entity” (as specifically defined in the Code) that does not provide sufficient documentation evidencing either (x) an exemption from FATCA, or (y) adequate information regarding certain substantial United States beneficial owners of such entity (if any). If an interest payment is both subject to withholding under FATCA and subject to the withholding tax discussed above under “Withholding Taxes,” the withholding under FATCA may be credited against, and therefore reduce, such other withholding tax. If the holder is a foreign financial institution or a non-financial foreign entity (or hold debt securities through a foreign financial institution) in a jurisdiction that has entered into an intergovernmental agreement with the United States, the holder (or the financial intermediary) may be subject to different rules. In the event any withholding under FATCA is imposed with respect to any payments under the debt securities, there will be no additional amounts payable to compensate for the withheld amount. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding these rules and whether they may be relevant to their ownership and disposition of debt securities.

U.K. Taxation

The following is a summary of the material U.K. tax consequences for a U.S. holder of the ownership and disposal of securities we may offer pursuant to this prospectus. This summary is the opinion of our U.K. tax solicitors, Slaughter and May, as to the matters of law set out in this section headed “U.K. Taxation”. It is based on current U.K. law and on what is understood to be the current practice of His Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) in the U.K., either of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Any change in applicable laws or the current practice of HMRC, or any inaccuracy in the documents upon which Slaughter and May have relied, may affect the continuing validity of their opinion. Slaughter and May assume no responsibility to inform you of any such change or inaccuracy that may occur or come to their attention. The opinion of Slaughter and May is being provided to Shell solely for its benefit in connection with the registration statement on Form F-3 of which this prospectus is a part and may not be transmitted to anyone else, reproduced, quoted, summarized or relied upon by anyone else or for any other purpose, or quoted or referred to in any public document or filed with anyone without the express written consent of Slaughter and May. This summary applies only to U.S. holders who hold their securities as an investment and are the absolute beneficial owners of them, who are not resident for tax purposes in the U.K. or carrying on a trade (or profession or vocation) in the U.K. through a permanent establishment, branch or agency and who are not (and have not in the previous seven years been) employees of Shell or of any person connected with Shell. It assumes that holders of Shell ADSs will in practice be treated for the purposes of U.K. tax as the beneficial owners of the Shell ordinary shares represented by such Shell ADSs.

The paragraphs below do not attempt to describe all possible U.K. tax considerations that may be relevant to a U.S. holder. Any U.S. holders who are in any doubt about any aspect of their particular tax position should consult appropriate independent tax advisers.

For the purposes of this section a person is a U.S. holder at any time if, at that time, he/she is regarded as a resident of the U.S. for U.S. tax purposes.

U.K. Taxation of Ordinary Shares and ADSs

U.K. Tax on Income and Chargeable Gains

U.S. holders who satisfy the criteria set out in the first paragraph above under the heading “U.K. Taxation” will not generally be subject to U.K. tax on income or chargeable gains in respect of the ownership and disposal of Shell ordinary shares or Shell ADSs or the receipt of any dividends that are paid on them.

There is, however, an exception to this rule in the case of a U.S. holder who is an individual, who has ceased to be resident for tax purposes in the U.K. or starts to be regarded as non-resident for the purposes of a relevant double taxation treaty (“Treaty Non Resident”) but then resumes residence in the U.K. or, as the case may be, ceases to be regarded as Treaty Non Resident, before five complete tax years have passed. Such a holder may be liable to U.K. capital gains tax (subject to any available exemption or relief) on a disposal of Shell ordinary shares or Shell ADSs made whilst not resident for tax purposes in the U.K. or whilst Treaty Non Resident.
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U.K. Inheritance Tax

A U.S. holder who is an individual domiciled in the U.S. for the purposes of the U.K./U.S. Estate and Gift Tax Treaty and who is not a national of the U.K. for the purposes of the U.K./U.S. Estate and Gift Tax Treaty will not be subject to U.K. inheritance tax in respect of Shell ordinary shares or Shell ADSs on the individual’s death or on a gift of such Shell ordinary shares or the Shell ADSs made during the individual’s lifetime unless, inter alia, they are part of the business property of the individual’s permanent establishment situated in the U.K. or pertain to the individual’s U.K. fixed base used for the performance of independent personal services. In the exceptional case where Shell ordinary shares or Shell ADSs are subject to both U.K. inheritance tax and U.S. federal estate or gift tax, the U.K./U.S. Estate and Gift Tax Treaty generally provides for tax paid in the U.K. to be credited against tax payable in the U.S., based on priority rules set out in that treaty.

U.K. Stamp Duty and Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (“SDRT”)

A conveyance or transfer on sale of Shell ordinary shares other than to a depositary or clearance service or the nominee or agent of a depositary or clearance service will usually be subject to ad valorem stamp duty, although not where the amount or value of the consideration of the transfer is £1,000 or under and the transfer instrument is certified at £1,000 (a “Low Value Transaction”), and generally at the rate of 0.5% of the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer (rounded up to the nearest £5). An unconditional agreement for such transfer, or a conditional agreement which subsequently becomes unconditional, will be liable to SDRT, unless the transfer is a Low Value Transaction, generally at the rate of 0.5% of the consideration for the transfer; but such liability will be cancelled if the agreement is completed by a duly stamped instrument of transfer within six years of the date of the agreement or, if the agreement was conditional, the date the agreement became unconditional. Where the stamp duty is paid, any SDRT previously paid will be repaid on the making of an appropriate claim. Stamp duty and SDRT are normally paid by the purchaser.

Subject to the availability of any relief, where a person (or its nominee) transfers listed shares or other securities to a connected company (or its nominee), stamp duty or, as the case may be, SDRT will be chargeable on the higher of (i) the amount or value of the consideration and (ii) the market value of the shares or securities. Where unlisted shares or other securities are so transferred, a similar rule applies, provided some or all of the consideration for the transfer consists of the issue of shares.

Subject to certain exemptions, U.K. legislation does currently provide for a charge to SDRT (or in the case of transfer, stamp duty) on the issue or transfer of Shell ordinary shares to particular persons providing a clearance service, their nominees or agents, or to an issuer of depositary receipts, or to its nominee or agent. The rate of stamp duty or SDRT, as the case may be, is generally 1.5% of either (i) in the case of an issue of Shell ordinary shares, the issue price of the Shell ordinary shares concerned; or (ii) in the case of a transfer of Shell ordinary shares, the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer or, in some circumstances, the value of the Shell ordinary shares concerned, in the case of stamp duty rounded up if necessary to the nearest multiple of £5.

However, following litigation, HMRC announced that it will no longer seek to apply 1.5% SDRT on an issue of shares into a clearance service or depository receipt arrangement (or a transfer of shares that is integral to a capital raising), on the basis that the charge is not compatible with E.U. law; and in January 2021, HMRC confirmed this remains the position under the terms of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018. HMRC’s view is that the 1.5% SDRT or stamp duty charge has continued to apply to transfers of shares into a clearance service or depository receipt arrangement unless they are an integral part of an issue of share capital or the stamp taxes on shares legislation is amended. As a result of the enactment of the Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act, pre-existing rights derived from E.U. law rights, including those rights that resulted in the disapplication of the 1.5% SDRT charge, would by default (in the absence of the exercise of a regulation-making power to restate or reproduce such rights in U.K. domestic law), cease to be recognized after December 31, 2023. However, draft legislation was included within the Finance Bill published on November 29, 2023 which would, on its enactment (which is expected to be after January 1, 2024) but with effect from January 1, 2024, remove the 1.5% charge to stamp duty or SDRT in relation to (i) issues of securities into depositary receipt systems and clearance services; and (ii) transfers of securities into depositary receipt systems and clearance services, in each case made in the course of certain capital-raising arrangements or listing arrangements. The Chancellor the Exchequer also moved certain resolutions on November 22, 2023 intended to give effect to such changes from January 1, 2024 until the Finance Bill passes. That means, however, that there will be some material uncertainty about the scope of the 1.5% charge from January 1, 2024 and specific professional advice should be sought before effecting a transfer of Shell ordinary shares to a depositary receipt issuer or to a person providing clearance services (or their nominee or agent).”

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No stamp duty need be paid on the acquisition or transfer of Shell ADSs, provided that any instrument of transfer or contract of sale is executed, and remains at all times, outside the U.K. Based on our understanding of HMRC’s application of the exemption from SDRT for depositary receipts, an agreement for the transfer of Shell ADSs will not, in practice, give rise to a liability to SDRT.

No stamp duty need be paid on the acquisition or transfer of interests in Shell ordinary shares held within a clearance service, provided that any instrument of transfer or contract of sale is executed, and remains at all times, outside the U.K. An agreement for the transfer of interests in Shell ordinary shares held within a clearance service will not give rise to a liability to SDRT provided that, at the time the agreement is made, the clearance service satisfies various conditions laid down in the relevant U.K. legislation.

U.K. Taxation of Warrants

A prospectus supplement will describe, if applicable, the U.K. tax consequences of your ownership of warrants of Shell and any equity or debt securities issued together with the warrants.

U.K. Taxation of Debt Securities

Payments and Disposal (including Redemption)

U.S. holders who satisfy the criteria set out in the first paragraph above under the heading “U.K. Taxation” will not generally be directly assessed to U.K. tax on income or chargeable gains in respect of interest on, or the disposal (including redemption) of, debt securities issued by Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US.

There is, however, an exception to this rule in the case of a U.S. holder who is an individual, who has ceased to be resident for tax purposes in the U.K. or starts to be regarded as Treaty Non Resident but then resumes residence in the U.K. or, as the case may be, ceases to be regarded as Treaty Non Resident, before five complete tax years have passed. Such a holder may be liable to U.K. capital gains tax (subject to any available exemption or relief) on a disposal of debt securities issued by Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US made whilst not resident for tax purposes in the U.K. or whilst Treaty Non Resident.

Payments of principal and interest on debt securities issued by Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, and payments of principal on debt securities issued by Shell, will not be subject to withholding or deduction for or on account of U.K. tax.

Interest payments on debt securities issued by Shell which have a U.K. source may be subject to withholding or deduction for or on account of U.K. tax. However, such payments will not be subject to withholding or deduction for or on account of U.K. tax if:


such debt securities carry a right to interest and are listed on a recognized stock exchange as defined in Section 1005 of the Income Tax Act 2007. Securities which are included on the Official List of the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority, along with securities which are officially listed in a country outside the U.K. in which there is a recognized stock exchange, in accordance with provisions corresponding to those generally applicable in European Economic Area states, will satisfy this requirement if they are admitted to trading on an exchange designated as a recognized stock exchange by an order made by the Commissioners for HMRC. The London Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange, inter alia, are recognized stock exchanges for these purposes; or


the maturity of the relevant debt security is less than one year from the date of issue and the debt security is not issued under (and does not become subject to) arrangements the effect of which is to render such debt security part of a borrowing with a total term of one year or more.

In all other cases, where payments of interest on debt securities issued by Shell have a U.K. source, such payments would, subject to any other relief or exemption that may apply, in principle be made to U.S. holders after deduction of tax at the basic rate, which is currently 20%. However, no such deduction need be made if an appropriate claim relating to that payment has been validly made and accepted by HMRC under the U.K./U.S. Tax Treaty in respect of income and capital gains and Shell has received from HMRC a direction under that treaty allowing the payment to be made without the deduction of U.K. tax.
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Guarantee Payments

Neither U.S. holders who satisfy the criteria set out in the first paragraph above headed “U.K. Taxation” nor Shell Finance or Shell Finance US will be directly assessed to U.K. tax on income or chargeable gains in respect of any payments made by Shell under the guarantee.

Depending on the legal analysis of any payment made by Shell under the guarantee to the persons mentioned above it is possible that such payment could be subject to the deduction of U.K. tax. However, no such withholding need be made nor tax deducted if an appropriate claim relating to that payment has been validly made and accepted by HMRC under the U.K./U.S. Tax Treaty in respect of income and capital gains and Shell has received from HMRC a direction under that treaty allowing the payment to be made without the deduction of U.K. tax.

U.K. Inheritance Tax

A U.S. holder who is an individual domiciled in the U.S. for the purposes of the U.K./U.S. Estate and Gift Tax Treaty and who is not a national of the U.K. for the purposes of the U.K./U.S. Estate and Gift Tax Treaty will not be subject to U.K. inheritance tax in respect of debt securities issued by Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US on the individual’s death or on a gift of such debt securities made during the individual’s lifetime unless, inter alia, they are part of the business property of the individual’s permanent establishment situated in the U.K. or pertain to the individual’s U.K. fixed base used for the performance of independent personal services. In the exceptional case where debt securities are subject to both U.K. inheritance tax and U.S. federal estate or gift tax, the U.K./U.S. Estate and Gift Tax Treaty generally provides for tax paid in the U.K. to be credited against tax payable in the U.S., based on priority rules set out in that treaty.

U.K. Stamp Duty and SDRT

No U.K. stamp duty or SDRT will generally be payable by a holder of debt securities on the creation or issue of the debt securities by Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US.

Where debt securities are issued to a depositary receipt issuer or a person providing clearance services (or their nominee or agent), a liability for SDRT at a rate of up to 1.5% of the issue price may arise. Following litigation, however, HMRC have confirmed that they will no longer seek to apply the 1.5% SDRT charge on an issue of debt securities to a depositary receipt issuer or to a person providing clearance services (or their nominee or agent) on the basis that this is not compatible with E.U. law. HMRC’s published view is that this remains the position under the terms of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 following the end of the transition period unless the stamp taxes on shares legislation is amended. As a result of the enactment of the Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act, pre-existing rights derived from E.U. law rights, including those rights that resulted in the disapplication of the 1.5% SDRT charge, would by default (in the absence of the exercise of a regulation-making power to restate or reproduce such rights in U.K. domestic law) cease to be recognized after December 31, 2023. However, draft legislation was included within the Finance Bill published on November 29, 2023 which would, on its enactment (which is expected to be after January 1, 2024) but with effect from January 1, 2024, remove the 1.5% charge to stamp duty or SDRT in relation to (i) issues of securities into depositary receipt systems and clearance services; and (ii) transfers of securities into depositary receipt systems and clearance services, in each case made in the course of certain capital-raising arrangements or listing arrangements. The Chancellor the Exchequer also moved certain resolutions on November 22, 2023 intended to give effect to such changes from January 1, 2024 until the Finance Bill passes.  That means, however, that there will be some material uncertainty about the scope of the 1.5% charge from January 1, 2024 and specific professional advice should be sought before effecting a transfer of debt securities to a depositary receipt issuer or to a person providing clearance services (or their nominee or agent).
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No liability for U.K. stamp duty or SDRT will arise on electronic transfers of debt securities within a clearance service (provided that no instrument of transfer is entered into and provided that the clearance service has not made an election under section 97A of the Finance Act 1986). And in any event, no liability for U.K. stamp duty or SDRT will arise on a transfer of, or an agreement to transfer, debt securities where such securities do not carry:


a right (exercisable then or later) of conversion into shares or other securities, or to the acquisition of shares or other securities, including loan capital of the same description as the debt securities being transferred;


a right to interest the amount of which falls, or has fallen, to be determined to any extent by reference to the results of, or of any part of, a business or to the value of any property;


a right to interest the amount of which exceeds a reasonable commercial return on the nominal amount of the capital; or


a right on repayment to an amount which exceeds their nominal amount and is not reasonably comparable with what is generally repayable (in respect of a similar nominal amount of capital) under the terms of issue of loan capital listed on the Official List of the London Stock Exchange.

Dutch Taxation

This section is based on Dutch tax law as applied and interpreted by Dutch tax courts and as published and in effect on the date of this prospectus, including, for the avoidance of doubt, the tax rates applicable on that date, without prejudice to any amendments introduced at a later date and implemented with or without retroactive effect.

The following describes the material Dutch tax consequences for a U.S. holder of debt securities which may be offered by Shell Finance under this prospectus. For the purposes of this section a person is a U.S. holder if that person is regarded as a resident of the U.S. for U.S. federal income tax purposes and is neither resident nor deemed to be resident in the Netherlands at any time for Dutch tax purposes or in any jurisdiction other than the Netherlands and the U.S. This summary is the opinion of our Dutch tax counsel, De Brauw, and is limited as described in this section.

For the purpose of this section, any reference to Dutch Taxes, Dutch Tax or Dutch tax law shall mean taxes of whatever nature levied by or on behalf of the Netherlands or any of its subdivisions or taxing authorities or to the law governing such taxes, respectively. The Netherlands means the part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in Europe.

This section is intended as general information only and it does not describe all possible Dutch tax considerations or consequences that may be relevant to a U.S. holder. For Dutch tax purposes, a holder of debt securities may include an individual who or an entity that does not have the legal title of the debt securities, but to whom, or to which, nevertheless the debt securities are, or the income from the debt securities is, attributed based either on such individual or entity holding a beneficial interest in the debt securities or based on specific statutory provisions, including statutory provisions pursuant to which the debt securities are attributed to an individual who is, or who has directly or indirectly inherited from a person who was, the settlor, grantor or similar originator of a trust, foundation or similar entity that holds the debt securities.

Any holder of debt securities is advised to consult with its own tax advisors with regard to the tax consequences of ownership and disposal of debt securities in its own particular circumstances.

Except as otherwise indicated, this section only addresses Dutch tax legislation and regulations, as published and in effect on the date hereof and as interpreted in published case law on the date hereof and is subject to change after such date, including changes that could have retroactive effect. A change in legislation or regulations may thus invalidate all or part of this section.

Unless otherwise specifically stated herein, this section does not express any opinion on Dutch international tax law or on the rules promulgated under or by any treaty or treaty organization and does not express any opinion on any Dutch legal matter other than Dutch tax law.
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This section does not describe the possible Dutch tax considerations or consequences that may be relevant to a U.S. holder of debt securities who receives or has received any benefits from these debt securities as employment income, deemed employment income or otherwise as compensation which is taxable in the Netherlands. Neither does this section describe the possible Dutch tax considerations or consequences that may be relevant to a U.S. holder of debt securities who has a fictitious substantial interest or substantial interest in Shell Finance within the meaning of chapter 4 of the Dutch Income Tax Act 2001 (Wet inkomstenbelasting 2001), that is an entity which under the Dutch Corporate Income Tax Act 1969 (Wet op de vennootschapsbelasting 1969) (the “CITA”) is not subject to Dutch corporate income tax or is fully or partly exempt from Dutch corporate income tax (such as a qualifying pension fund as described in Section 5 CITA and a tax exempt investment fund (vrijgestelde beleggingsinstelling) as described in Section 6a CITA) that is an entity that is not tax resident in the Netherlands and that functions in a manner that is comparable to a tax exempt investment fund (vrijgestelde beleggingsinstelling) as described in Section 6a CITA, that is an investment institution (beleggingsinstelling) as described in Section 28 CITA or that is an entity that is not tax resident in the Netherlands and that functions in a manner that is comparable to an investment institution (beleggingsinstelling) as described in Section 28 CITA.

Generally, a U.S. holder has a substantial interest (aanmerkelijk belang) in Shell Finance if such holder, alone or together with his/her partner, directly or indirectly, owns or holds, or is deemed to own or hold:


(i)
ordinary shares and/or ADSs or certain rights thereto representing, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of the total issued and outstanding capital of Shell Finance, or of the issued and outstanding capital of any class of ordinary shares of Shell Finance;


(ii)
rights to acquire ordinary shares and/or ADSs, whether or not already issued, representing, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of the total issued and outstanding capital of Shell Finance, or of the issued and outstanding capital of any class of ordinary shares of Shell Finance; or


(iii)
certain rights to profit participating certificates (winstbewijzen) that relate to 5% or more of the annual profit of Shell Finance or to 5% or more of the liquidation proceeds of Shell Finance.

A U.S. holder who is an individual and has the indirect ownership of shares of Shell Finance will also have a substantial interest if a partner for Dutch tax purposes or one of certain relatives of the holder or the partner has a (fictitious) substantial interest in Shell Finance.

In addition, this section does not describe any Dutch tax considerations or consequences that may be relevant where a U.S. holder is an entity that is related (gelieerd) to Shell Finance within the meaning of the Withholding Tax Act 2021 (Wet bronbelasting 2021). An entity is considered related if (i) it has a Qualifying Interest in Shell Finance, (ii) Shell Finance has a Qualifying Interest in the U.S. holder, or (iii) a third party has a Qualifying Interest in both Shell Finance and the U.S. holder. The term Qualifying Interest means a direct or indirectly held interest – either by the entity individually or jointly if the U.S. holder is part of a collaborating group (samenwerkende groep) that enables such entity or such collaborating group to exercise such a decisive influence over another entities’ decision, such as Shell Finance or the U.S. holder as the case may be, that it can determine the other entities’ activities.

Dutch Taxation of Debt Securities

Dutch Withholding Tax

All payments made under debt securities issued by Shell Finance will not be subject to any withholding tax, except if the debt securities in fact function as equity of Shell Finance within the meaning of Section 10(1)(d) of the CITA, in which case any payment under the debt securities, other than a repayment of principal, will generally be subject to 15% Dutch dividend withholding tax. As determined by case law, debt securities generally function as equity if:


(i)
the debt securities are subordinated to all unsecured creditors of Shell Finance;


(ii)
the debt securities do not have a final maturity date or have a term of more than 50 years; and


(iii)
any amount whatsoever to be paid under the debt securities is entirely or almost entirely dependent on the amount of profits realized or distributed by Shell Finance.

A U.S. holder may be entitled to exemptions from, credit for, reductions in or refunds of Dutch dividend withholding tax, depending on the U.S. holder’s specific circumstances.
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Dutch Individual and Corporate Income Tax

A U.S. holder of debt securities will not be subject to any Dutch taxes on any payment made to the U.S. holder under the debt securities or on any capital gain derived by the U.S. holder from the purchase, ownership, disposal or transfer of, the debt securities, other than Dutch dividend withholding tax as described above, except if:


(i)
the U.S. holder derives profits from an enterprise (and if the holder is an individual, the profits are derived from an enterprise whether as entrepreneur (ondernemer) or pursuant to a co-entitlement to the net worth of the enterprise other than as an entrepreneur or a shareholder), which enterprise is fully or partly carried on through a permanent establishment (vaste inrichting) or a permanent representative (vaste vertegenwoordiger) in the Netherlands, to which the debt securities are attributable;


(ii)
the U.S. holder is an individual and derives benefits from miscellaneous activities (overige werkzaamheden) carried out in the Netherlands in respect of the debt securities, including, without limitation activities which are beyond the scope of active portfolio investment activities;


(iii)
the U.S. holder is not an individual and is entitled to a share in the profits of an enterprise or a co-entitlement to the net worth of an enterprise, other than by way of securities, that is effectively managed in the Netherlands and to which enterprise the debt securities are attributable; or


(iv)
if the U.S. holder is an individual and is entitled to a share in the profits of an enterprise, other than by way of securities, that is effectively managed in the Netherlands, and to which enterprise the debt securities are attributable.

Dutch Gift and Inheritance Taxes

No Dutch gift tax or inheritance tax is due in respect of any gift of debt securities by, or inheritance of debt securities on the death of, a U.S. holder.

Other Taxes and Duties

No other Dutch taxes, including turnover tax and taxes of a documentary nature, such as capital tax, stamp or registration tax or duty, are payable in the Netherlands by or on behalf of a U.S. holder of debt securities by reason only of the issue, purchase or transfer of the debt securities.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell the securities offered by this prospectus in and outside the United States through underwriters or dealers, directly to purchasers or through agents, through a combination of any of the foregoing or by any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

The prospectus supplement relating to any offering will include the following information:


the terms of the offering;


the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents;


the purchase price of the securities from us and, if the purchase price is not payable in U.S. dollars, the currency or composite currency in which the purchase price is payable;


the net proceeds to us from the sale of the securities;


any delayed delivery arrangements;


any underwriting discounts, commissions and other items constituting underwriters’ or agents’ compensation;


the initial public offering price;


any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers;


any commissions paid to agents; and


any securities exchange on which the securities may be listed.

Sale Through Underwriters or Dealers

If we use underwriters in the sale of securities, they will acquire the securities for their own account. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. Underwriters may offer securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. Unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the securities if they purchase any of them.

The underwriters may change from time to time any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.

During and after an offering through underwriters, the underwriters may purchase and sell the securities in the open market. These transactions may include over-allotment and stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover syndicate short positions created in connection with the offering. The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid, whereby selling concessions allowed to syndicate members or other broker-dealers for the offered securities sold for their account may be reclaimed by the syndicate if such offered securities are repurchased by the syndicate in stabilizing or covering transactions. These activities may stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the offered securities, which may be higher than the price that might otherwise prevail in the open market. If commenced, these activities may be discontinued at any time.

If we use dealers in the sale of securities, we will sell the securities to them as principals. They may then resell those securities to the public at varying prices determined by the dealers at the time of resale. The dealers participating in any sale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sale of those securities. We will include in the applicable prospectus supplement the names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction.
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Direct Sales and Sales Through Agents

We may sell the securities directly. In that event, no underwriters or agents would be involved. We may also sell the securities through agents we designate from time to time. In the prospectus supplement, we will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the securities, and we will describe any commissions payable by us to the agent. Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, any agent will agree to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of its appointment.

We may sell the securities directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sale of those securities. We will describe the terms of any such sales in the prospectus supplement.

Delayed Delivery Contracts

If we so indicate in the prospectus supplement, we may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers from certain types of institutions to purchase securities from us at the public offering price under delayed delivery contracts. These contracts would provide for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. The contracts would be subject only to those conditions described in the applicable prospectus supplement. The prospectus supplement will describe the commission payable for solicitation of any such contracts.

Hedging and Derivative Transactions

We may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers and the broker-dealers may engage in short sales of the securities in the course of hedging the positions they assume with us, including, without limitation, in connection with distributions of the securities by those broker-dealers. We may enter into options or other transactions with broker-dealers that involve the delivery of the securities offered hereby to the broker-dealers, who may then resell or otherwise transfer those securities. We may also loan or pledge the securities offered hereby to a broker-dealer and the broker-dealer may sell the loaned securities or upon a default may sell or otherwise transfer the pledged securities offered hereby.

General Information

We may have agreements with the agents, dealers and underwriters to indemnify them against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute with respect to payments that the agents, dealers or underwriters may be required to make. Agents, dealers and underwriters may engage in transactions with us or perform services for us in the ordinary course of their businesses.

Listing

Other than Shell’s ordinary shares, which are admitted to the Official List of the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority and to trading on the main market for listed securities of the London Stock Exchange under the symbol “SHEL”, and listed on NYSE Euronext in Amsterdam (“Euronext Amsterdam”) under the symbol “SHEL”, and are admitted for trading in the form of ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “SHEL”, each of the securities issued hereunder will be a new issue of securities, will have no prior trading market, and may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. Any underwriters to whom we sell securities for public offering and sale may make a market in the securities, but such underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot assure you that there will be a market for the offered securities.
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EXCHANGE CONTROLS

There is no legislative or other legal provision relating to exchange controls currently in force in England or the Netherlands or arising under the Articles or Shell Finance’s articles of association restricting remittances to non-resident holders of our securities or affecting the import or export of capital for use by us.

LIMITATIONS ON RIGHTS TO OWN SECURITIES

There are no limitations imposed by English law or the Articles on the right to own our debt securities, warrants or ordinary shares, including the rights of non-residents or foreign persons to hold or vote our ordinary shares (other than would generally apply to our shareholders) or to hold its debt securities or warrants. There are no limitations imposed by Dutch law or Shell Finance’s articles of association on the rights to own its debt securities, including the rights of non-resident or foreign persons to hold the debt securities.

LEGAL MATTERS

Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, U.S. counsel for us, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, and Morrison & Foerster LLP, U.S. counsel for any underwriters, will pass upon the validity of the debt securities, debt warrants and guarantees as to certain matters of New York law. Slaughter and May, our English solicitors, will pass upon the validity of the debt securities of Shell, the guarantees, warrants and ordinary shares as to certain matters of English law. De Brauw, our Dutch counsel, will pass upon the validity of the debt securities of Shell International Finance as to certain matters of Dutch law.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Shell plc as of December 31, 2022, and the effectiveness of Shell plc’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, as well as the financial statements of the Royal Dutch Shell Dividend Access Trust as of December 31, 2022, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of the Royal Dutch Shell Dividend Access Trust as of December 31, 2022, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their reports thereon, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such financial statements are, and audited financial statements to be included in subsequently filed documents will be,  incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the reports of Ernst & Young LLP pertaining to such financial statements and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the respective dates (to the extent covered by consents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission) given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.


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PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 8.
Indemnification of Directors and Officers

Article 135 of Shell’s Articles provides that, as far as the legislation allows this, Shell: (i) can indemnify any director or former director of the company, of any associated company or of any affiliate against any liability; and (ii) can purchase and maintain insurance against any liability for any director or former director of the company, of any associated company or of any affiliate. Pursuant to the Companies Act 2006 (sections 232 and 233) , we may purchase and maintain for our directors (or directors of an associated company), insurance against any liability attaching to them in connection with any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust in relation to the relevant company.

Shell has entered into a deed of indemnity with each of the Shell directors. The terms of each of these deeds are identical and they reflect the statutory provisions on indemnities contained in the Companies Act 2006. Under the terms of each deed, Shell undertakes to indemnify the relevant Shell director, to the widest extent permitted by English law, against any loss liability and damages, howsoever caused (including by that director’s own negligence), suffered or incurred by that director in respect of that director’s acts or omissions on or after the date that the deed was entered into while or in the course of that director acting as a director or employee of Shell, any member of the Shell Group or certain other entities. In addition, Shell undertakes to lend such funds to the director as are required to meet reasonable costs and expenses incurred or to be incurred by him/her in defending any criminal or civil proceedings or in connection with certain applications under the Companies Act 2006. It is a term of each indemnity that Shell and the relevant director agree to be bound by the provisions in Shell’s Articles relating to arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction.

The relevant provisions of the Companies Act 2006 include sections 232 to 235.

Section 232 states that, any provision that purports to exempt a director (to any extent) from liability for negligence, default, breach of duty or trust by him/her in relation to the company is void. Any provision by which a company directly or indirectly provides an indemnity (to any extent) for a director of the company or an associated company against any such liability is also void unless it is a qualifying third party indemnity provision or a qualifying pension scheme indemnity provision. Shell is still permitted to purchase insurance against any such liability for a director of the company or an associated company.

A pension scheme indemnity provision means a provision indemnifying a director of a company that is a trustee of an occupational pension scheme against liability incurred in connection with the company’s activities as trustee of the scheme. Such provision is a “qualifying pension scheme indemnity provision” as long as it does not provide any indemnity against: (i) any liability of the director to pay a fine imposed in criminal proceedings or a sum payable to a regulatory authority by way of a penalty in respect of non-compliance with any requirement of a regulatory nature; or (ii) any liability incurred by the director in defending criminal proceedings in which he is convicted.

A third party indemnity provision means a provision indemnifying a director of a company against liability incurred by the director to a person other than the company or an associated company.  Such provision is a “qualifying third party indemnity provision” as long as it does not provide any indemnity against: (i) any liability of the director to pay a fine imposed in criminal proceedings or a sum payable to a regulatory authority by way of a penalty in respect of non-compliance with any requirement of a regulatory nature; or (ii) any liability incurred by the director in defending criminal proceedings in which he/she is convicted or in defending civil proceedings brought by the company or an associated company in which judgment is given against him/her or where the court refuses to grant him/her relief under an application under sections 661(3) or (4) (power of court to grant relief in case of acquisition of shares by innocent nominee) of the Companies Act 2006 or its power under section 1157 (general power of the court to grant relief in case of honest and reasonable conduct) of the Companies Act 2006 (described below). Any qualifying third party indemnity provision or qualifying pension scheme indemnity provision in force when the directors’ report (which forms part of the company’s annual report) is approved, or which was in force during the relevant financial year, for the benefit of one or more directors of the company must be disclosed in the directors’ report section of the annual report.
II-1


Section 205 of the Companies Act 2006 provides that a company can provide a director with funds to meet expenditures incurred or to be incurred by him/her in defending any criminal or civil proceedings in connection with any alleged negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by the director in relation to the company or an associated company or in connection with an application for relief under sections 661(3) or (4) (power of court to grant relief in case of acquisition of shares by innocent nominee) of the Companies Act 2006 or its power under section 1157 (general power of the court to grant relief in case of honest and reasonable conduct) of the Companies Act 2006, or to enable any such director to avoid incurring such expenditure. Such loan must be repaid, or (as the case may be) any liability of the company incurred under any transaction connected with the thing done is to be discharged if the director is convicted, judgment is found against him/her or the court refuses to grant the relief on the application.

Section 1157 of the Companies Act 2006 provides that:


(1)
If in any proceedings for negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust against an officer of a company or a person employed by a company as an auditor (whether he/she is or is not an officer of the company) it appears to the court hearing the case that that officer or person is or may be liable in respect of the negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust, but that he/she has acted honestly and reasonably, and that having regard to all the circumstances of the case (including those connected with his/her appointment) he/she ought fairly to be excused for the negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust, that court may relieve him/her, either wholly or in part, from his/her liability on such terms as it thinks fit.


(2)
If any such officer or person has reason to apprehend that any claim will or might be made against him/her in respect of any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust, he/she may apply to the court for relief; and the court has the same power to relieve him/her as under this section it would have had if it had been a court before which proceedings against that person for negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust had been brought.


(3)
Where a case to which subsection (1) applies is being tried by a judge with a jury, the judge, after hearing the evidence, may, if he/she is satisfied that the defendant (in Scotland, the defender) ought in pursuance of that subsection to be relieved either in whole or in part from the liability sought to be enforced against him/her, withdraw the case from the jury and forthwith direct judgment to be entered for the defendant (in Scotland, grant decree of absolvitor) on such terms as to costs (in Scotland, expenses) or otherwise as the judge may think proper.

English law permits a shareholder to initiate a lawsuit on behalf of the company only in limited circumstances.  The Companies Act 2006 permits a shareholder or member, as that term is used in Section 260 and 994 of the Companies Act 2006, to apply for a court order, either:


(i)
in respect of a cause of action arising from an actual or proposed act of omission involving negligence, default, breach of duty of trust by a director of the company; or


(ii)
when the company’s affairs are being or have been conducted in a manner unfairly prejudicial to the interests of all or some shareholders, including the shareholder making the claim; or when any act or proposed act or omission of the company is or would be so prejudicial.

A court has wide discretion in granting relief and may, for example, authorize civil proceedings to be brought in the name of the company by a shareholder on terms that the court directs. Except in these limited circumstances, English law does not generally permit lawsuits by shareholders on behalf of the company or on behalf of other shareholders.

The articles of association of Shell Finance provide that Shell Finance shall cover the costs of all legal proceedings in which a managing director is involved in his/her capacity as managing director of Shell Finance and shall hold harmless the managing director in question. If and in so far as it appears from a ruling that the managing director in question is seriously negligent, Shell Finance shall be authorized to demand reimbursement of the costs that it covered before the ruling, and the obligation of further indemnification shall not apply.
II-2


Dutch law does not explicitly prohibit the indemnification of a managing director of a private company with limited liability (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) against any liabilities which would otherwise attach to him/her. However, regardless of whether or not an indemnification exists, a managing director may be held liable towards the company for improper performance of his management duties (onbehoorlijk bestuur) when such improper management is severely reproachable (ernstig verwijtbaar). Whether improper management is severely reproachable is dependent upon the specific circumstances of a case. Managing directors are jointly and severally liable for severely reproachable improper management. For that reason, a division of managerial tasks does not bring about a corresponding division of liabilities. An individual managing director may avoid liability by proving that he/she cannot be blamed for the severely reproachable improper management and that he/she has not been negligent in preventing the consequences thereof. Furthermore, a managing director cannot be held liable towards a shareholder for breach of his duties towards the company.

However, a managing director may be held liable towards a shareholder for breach of his specific duties towards the shareholder himself. Liability towards shareholders is, in principle, an individual liability and not a joint and several liability.

In addition, in the case of bankruptcy, each managing director is jointly and severally liable towards the bankrupt estate for the shortfall in the bankrupt estate in the event that it is evident that the managing director has manifestly improperly performed his/her duties and it is likely (aannemelijk) that this manifestly improper management (kennelijk onbehoorlijk bestuur) has been an important cause of the bankruptcy. An individual managing director may avoid liability by proving that he/she cannot be blamed for the manifestly improper management and that he/she has not been negligent in preventing the consequences thereof.

Shell Finance US’s By-Laws provide for indemnification of, among others, Shell Finance US’s current and former directors and officers to the full extent permitted by law. Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”) permits a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is, or is threatened to be made, a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation), by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or entity. The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.

This power to indemnify applies to actions brought by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor as well, but only to the extent of expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense of the action or suit if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with the further limitation that in such actions no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that a court shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses.

Where a present or former director or officer has been successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in the prior two paragraphs, the corporation must indemnify him or her against the expenses (including attorneys’ fees) which he or she actually and reasonably incurred in connection therewith. Shell Finance US’s By-Laws also provide that expenses incurred by any such person in defending actions, suits or proceedings shall be paid by Shell Finance US promptly in advance of the final disposition of any such action, suit or proceeding, promptly upon receipt by Shell Finance US of an undertaking of such person to repay such expenses if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by Shell Finance US.
II-3


Shell Finance US’s Certificate of Incorporation provides that its directors shall not be liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director to the fullest extent permitted by law. Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL permits a corporation to eliminate the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability: (a) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its shareholders; (b) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; (c) under Section 174 of the DGCL, which concerns unlawful payment of dividends, stock purchases or redemptions; or (d) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

As permitted by the DGCL, Shell Finance US participates in the directors' and officers' liability insurance coverage under the Shell Group Global Insurance Plan that insures against claims and liabilities (with stated exceptions) that officers and directors of Shell Finance US may incur in such capacities.

The foregoing summary with respect to the indemnification of Shell Finance US’s directors and officers is subject to the complete text of the DGCL and Shell Finance US’s Certificate of Incorporation, By-Laws and the other arrangements referred to above and are qualified in their entirety by reference thereto.

The form of Underwriting Agreement relating to the offering of Debt Securities filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this registration statement provides that each underwriter, severally, will indemnify Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, each of their respective directors, each of their respective officers who signed the registration statement and each person, if any, who controls Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act from and against certain civil liabilities.

Item 9.
Exhibits

Exhibit
Number
 
Description
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 

II-4



Exhibit
Number
 
Description
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
4.13
 
Form of Debt Warrant Agreement including a form of debt warrant certificate.*
     
4.14
 
Form of Equity Warrant Agreement including a form of equity warrant certificate.*
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 

II-5



Exhibit
Number
 
Description
     

     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     

     

     

     

     
*
 
To be filed by amendment or incorporated by reference to a subsequently filed Report on Form 6-K with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

II-6


Item 10.
Undertakings

Each of the undersigned registrants hereby undertakes:


(1)
To file, during any period in which offers or sales of the registered securities are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement;


(i)
To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;


(ii)
To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement;


(iii)
To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by each registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement;


(2)
That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;


(3)
To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;


(4)
To file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act need not be furnished, provided that each registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a post-effective amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act or Item 8.A. of Form 20-F if such financial statements and information are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by each registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement;


(5)
That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:


(i)
Each prospectus filed by the registrants pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and


(ii)
Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5) or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii) or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuers and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which the prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date;

II-7



(6)
That, for the purpose of determining liability of a registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, each undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to the registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:


(i)
Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;


(ii)
Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;


(iii)
The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and


(iv)
Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

Each of the undersigned registrants hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of Shell plc’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrants pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrants have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrants, of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrants in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted against the registrants by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrants will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

II-8


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Shell plc certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in London, England on December 15, 2023.

 
SHELL PLC
     
     
 
By:
/s/ Sinead Gorman  
   
Name:
Sinead Gorman
 
   
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name
 
Title
 
Date
         
*
 
Chair
   
Sir Andrew Mackenzie
       
         
*
 
Deputy Chair and Senior Independent
Non-executive Director
   
Dick Boer
   
         
*
 
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
   
Wael Sawan
   
         
 /s/ Sinead Gorman  
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer;
Principal Accounting Officer)
 
December 15, 2023
Sinead Gorman
   
         
*
 
Non-executive Director
   
Neil Carson OBE
   
         
*
 
Non-executive Director
   
Ann Godbehere
   
         
*
 
Non-executive Director
   
Catherine J. Hughes
   
         
*
 
Non-executive Director
   
Jane Holl Lute
   
         
*
 
Non-executive Director
   
Sir Charles Roxburgh
   
         
*
 
Non-executive Director
   
Abraham Schot
   
         
*
 
Non-executive Director
   
Leena Srivastava
   
         
*
 
Non-executive Director
   
Cyrus Taraporevala
     

*
By:
/s/ Sinead Gorman  
December 15, 2023
   
(Sinead Gorman, Attorney-in-Fact)
   
II-9


Pursuant to the requirements of the Section 6(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned has signed this registration statement in the capacity of the duly authorized representative of Shell plc in the U.S. in Delaware on December 15, 2023.

 
PUGLISI & ASSOCIATES
     
     
 
By:
/s/ Donald J. Puglisi  
   
Name:
Donald J. Puglisi
 
   
Title:
Managing Director
 
II-10


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Shell International Finance B.V. certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in The Hague on December 15, 2023.

 
SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V.
     
     
 
By:
/s/ Edwin Kunkels  
   
Name:
Edwin Kunkels
 
   
Title:
Director
 
         
         
 
By:
/s/ Fiona Mulock  
   
Name:
Fiona Mulock
 
   
Title:
Director
 


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name
 
Title
 
Date
   

 

 /s/ Janneke Abels  
Director
 
December 15, 2023
Janneke Abels
   
         
/s/ Fiona Mulock
 
Director
 
 
December 15, 2023
 
Fiona Mulock
   
         
 /s/ Edwin Kunkels  
Director
 
 
December 15, 2023
 
Edwin Kunkels
   

II-11


Pursuant to the requirements of the Section 6(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned has signed this registration statement in the capacity of the duly authorized representative of Shell International Finance B.V. in the U.S. in Delaware on December 15, 2023.

 
PUGLISI & ASSOCIATES
     
     
 
By:
/s/ Donald J. Puglisi  
   
Name:
Donald J. Puglisi
 
   
Title:
Managing Director
 


II-12

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Shell Finance US certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Houston, Texas on December 15, 2023.

 
SHELL FINANCE US INC.
     
     
 
By:
/s/ Olga A. Stevens  
   
Name:
Olga A. Stevens
 
   
Title:
Director and Vice President - Finance
 


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name
 
Title
 
Date
         
/s/ Bernardo Franco  
Director and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
December 15, 2023
Bernardo Franco
   
         
/s/ John S. Misso  
Director
 
December 15, 2023
John S. Misso
   
         
/s/ Olga A. Stevens  
Director and Vice President - Finance
(Principal Financial Officer,
Principal Accounting Officer)
 
December 15, 2023
Olga A. Stevens
   




II-13

Exhibit 1.1

Shell plc
Shell International Finance B.V.
Shell Finance US Inc.

Debt Securities
Ordinary Shares
Warrants

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

[Date]

[Underwriters]

Dear Sirs:

1. Introductory. Shell plc, a public company limited by shares existing under the laws of England and Wales (“Company”), proposes to issue and sell from time to time certain of the Company’s unsecured debt securities (“Debt Securities”), ordinary shares (“Ordinary Shares”) and warrants (“Warrants”), Shell International Finance B.V., a private limited liability company organized under the laws of the Netherlands with corporate seat in The Hague (“Shell Finance”), proposes to issue and sell from time to time certain of Shell Finance’s unsecured debt securities to be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company as to payment of principal, premium (if any) and interest (“Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities”) and Shell Finance US Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Shell Finance US” and, together with Shell Finance, the “Issuers”), proposes to issue and sell from time to time certain of Shell Finance US’s unsecured debt securities to be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company as to payment of principal, premium (if any) and interest (“Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities” and, together with the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, the “Guaranteed Debt Securities”), registered under the registration statement referred to in Section 2(a) (collectively, the “Registered Securities”). The Registered Securities constituting Debt Securities will be issued in one or more series under an indenture to be identified in the Terms Agreement referred to in Section 3, which series may vary as to interest rates, maturities, redemption provisions, selling prices and other terms. The Registered Securities constituting Guaranteed Debt Securities will be issued under an indenture to be identified in the Terms Agreement referred to in Section 3 (the applicable indenture pursuant to which any Offered Securities constituting Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities are issued, herein the “Indenture”), which series may vary as to interest rates, maturities, redemption provisions, selling prices and other terms. The Registered Securities constituting Ordinary Shares may be represented by American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) to be issued under the Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “Depositary”) dated January 31, 2022 (as the same may be amended from time to time, the “Deposit Agreement”). Particular series or offerings of Registered Securities will be sold pursuant to a Terms Agreement referred to in Section 3, for resale in accordance with terms of offering determined at the time of sale.

The Registered Securities involved in any such offering are hereinafter referred to as the “Offered Securities”. The firm or firms which agree to purchase the Offered Securities are hereinafter referred to as the “Underwriters” of such securities, and the representative or representatives of the Underwriters, if any, specified in a Terms Agreement referred to in Section 3 are hereinafter referred to as the “Representatives”; provided, however, that if the Terms Agreement does not specify any representative of the Underwriters, the term “Representatives”, as used in this Agreement (other than in Sections 5(c) and 6 and the second sentence of Section 3), shall mean the Underwriters.

2. Representations and Warranties of the Company and the Issuers. The Company, and if Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities are being offered, Shell Finance, and if Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities are being offered, Shell Finance US, as of the date of each Terms Agreement referred to in Section 3, represent and warrant to, and agree with, each Underwriter that:

(a) A registration statement (No. 333-[●]) on Form F-3, including a prospectus (hereinafter referred to as the “Base Prospectus”), relating to the Registered Securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) and has become effective. The Company and the applicable Issuer meet the requirements of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), for the use of Form F-3. Such registration statement, as amended at the time of any Terms Agreement referred to in Section 3 entered into in connection with a specific offering of the Offered Securities and including any documents incorporated by reference therein, including exhibits (other than any Form T-1) and financial statements and any prospectus supplement relating to the Offered Securities that is filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) (“Rule 424(b)”) under the Act and deemed part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule 430B under the Act, is hereinafter referred to as the “Registration Statement”. The Base Prospectus, as supplemented as contemplated by Section 3 to reflect the terms of the Offered Securities (if they are Debt Securities, Guaranteed Debt Securities or Warrants) and the terms of the offering of the Offered Securities, as first filed with the Commission pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 424(b), including all material incorporated by reference therein, is hereinafter referred to as the “Final Prospectus”. Any preliminary prospectus supplement to the Base Prospectus which describes the Offered Securities and the offering thereof and is used prior to filing of the Final Prospectus, together with the Base Prospectus, is hereinafter referred to as the “Preliminary Final Prospectus”. “Free Writing Prospectus” shall mean a free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule 405 under the Act.

Applicable Time” shall mean, with respect to a specific offering of the Offered Securities, each time and date specified as such in the Terms Agreement relating to that offering of Offered Securities. “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus” shall mean an issuer free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule 433 under the Act. “Disclosure Package” shall mean, with respect to any specific offering of the Offered Securities, (i) the Preliminary Final Prospectus, if any, used most recently prior to the Applicable Time, (ii) the Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, identified in Schedule B to the Terms Agreement, (iii) the final term sheet prepared and filed pursuant to Section 4(c) hereto, if any, and (iv) any other Free Writing Prospectus that the parties hereto shall hereafter expressly agree in writing to treat as part of the Disclosure Package.
 
(b) On the effective date and each deemed effective date of the registration statement relating to the Registered Securities, such registration statement, including all material incorporated therein by reference, conformed in all respects to the requirements of the Act, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (“Trust Indenture Act”) and the rules and regulations of the Commission (“Rules and Regulations”) and did not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and at the Applicable Time and at the Closing Date, and, in the case of the Final Prospectus only, its date, the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus, will conform in all respects to the requirements of the Act, the Trust Indenture Act and the Rules and Regulations, and neither of such documents, including all material incorporated therein by reference, will include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, provided, however, that the Company and the applicable Issuer make no representations or warranties as to (i) that part of the Registration Statement which shall constitute the Statement of Eligibility (Form T-1) under the Trust Indenture Act of the Trustee or (ii) the information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company or the applicable Issuer by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives specifically for use therein.

(c) At the Applicable Time, the Disclosure Package will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, provided, however, that the Company and the applicable Issuer make no representations or warranties as to the information contained in or omitted from the Disclosure Package in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company or the applicable Issuer by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives specifically for use therein.

(d) (i) At the time of filing the Registration Statement, (ii) at the time of the most recent amendment thereto for the purposes of complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed pursuant to Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) or form of prospectus), (iii) at the time the Company or any person acting on its behalf (within the meaning, for this clause only, of Rule 163(c)) made any offer relating to the Offered Securities in reliance on the exemption in Rule 163, and (iv) at the Applicable Time (with such date being used as the determination date for purposes of this clause (iv)), the Company was or is (as the case may be) a “well-known seasoned issuer” (as defined in Rule 405).

(e) (i) At the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2)) of any Offered Securities and (ii) as of the Applicable Time (with such date being used as the determination date for purposes of this clause (ii)), the Company was not and is not an Ineligible Issuer (as defined in Rule 405), without taking account of any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an Ineligible Issuer.

(f) Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, if any, and the final term sheet prepared and filed pursuant to Section 4(c), if any, hereto do not include any information that conflicts with the information contained in the Registration Statement, including any document incorporated by reference therein and any prospectus supplement deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified, provided, however, that the Company and the applicable Issuer make no representations or warranties as to the information contained in or omitted from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or such final term sheet in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company or the applicable Issuer by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives specifically for use therein.

(g) If the Offered Securities constitute Debt Securities: the Indenture for the Offered Securities has been duly authorized and will be duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act and validly executed and delivered by the Company and will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and the Offered Securities have been duly authorized and will be executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture and when delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement and Terms Agreement, the Offered Securities will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits of the Indenture and enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

(h) If the Offered Securities constitute Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities: the Indenture for the Offered Securities has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act and duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and Shell Finance and constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company and Shell Finance enforceable against the Company and Shell Finance in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and the Offered Securities have been duly authorized, and will be executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture and when delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement and Terms Agreement, the Offered Securities will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of Shell Finance and the guarantee of the Offered Securities will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, entitled to the benefits of the Indenture and enforceable against Shell Finance and the Company, respectively, in accordance with their terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

(i) If the Offered Securities constitute Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities: the Indenture for the Offered Securities has been duly authorized and will be duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act and validly executed and delivered by the Company and Shall U.S. Finance and will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company and Shell Finance US enforceable against the Company and Shell Finance US in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and the Offered Securities have been duly authorized, and will be executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture and when delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement and Terms Agreement, the Offered Securities will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of Shell Finance US and the guarantee of the Offered Securities will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, entitled to the benefits of the Indenture and enforceable against Shell Finance US and the Company, respectively, in accordance with their terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

(j) If the Offered Securities constitute Warrants: the warrant agreement will be duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and the Offered Securities will be duly authorized, executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the relevant warrant agreement and when issued and sold as contemplated in the Registration Statement, such Offered Securities will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits of the relevant warrant agreement and enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

(k) If the Offered Securities constitute Ordinary Shares: the Offered Securities will be authorized and when delivered and paid for in accordance with the Terms Agreement and the Underwriting Agreement, the Offered Securities will be validly issued and fully paid and no further contributions in respect of such Offered Securities will be required to be made to the Company by the holders thereof, by reason solely of their being such holders.

(l) The Company is a public company limited by shares duly incorporated under the laws of England and Wales; if the Offered Securities constitute Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, Shell Finance has been incorporated and is existing as a private company with limited liability (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) under Dutch law; and if the Offered Securities constitute Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities, Shell Finance US is a corporation duly formed under the laws of Delaware.

(m) No consent, approval, authorization, or order of, or filing with, any governmental agency or body or any court in the United Kingdom (the “UK”), the Netherlands or the United States is required for the consummation by the Company or the applicable Issuer of the transactions contemplated by the Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement) or the Indenture (if the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities) in connection with the issuance and sale of the Offered Securities by the Company, or if the Offered Securities are Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, Shell Finance, or if the Offered Securities are Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities, Shell Finance US, and with respect to the guarantee of the Offered Securities if the Offered Securities are Guaranteed Debt Securities, the Company, except such as have been obtained or made under the Act, the Exchange Act and the Trust Indenture Act and such as may be required under U.S. state securities laws or the laws of the UK, the Netherlands and any other jurisdiction outside the United States relating to the offering and sale of securities if the Offered Securities are offered and sold in such jurisdictions.

(n) The execution, delivery and performance by the Company and the applicable Issuer of the Indenture, the Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement), this Agreement and any Delayed Delivery Contract and the issuance and sale of the Offered Securities (including the related guarantee of the Offered Securities if the Offered Securities are Guaranteed Debt Securities) and compliance with the terms and provisions thereof by the Company and the applicable Issuer will not result in a breach or violation of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default under, the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation, any of the terms or provisions of the documents constituting it, or any material agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it is bound.

(o) Except as otherwise disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental actions, suits or proceedings pending or, to the best of the Company’s knowledge, threatened (i) against or affecting the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (ii) which has as the subject thereof any officer or director of, or property owned or leased by, the Company or any of its subsidiaries or (iii) relating to environmental or discrimination matters, where in any such case (A) there is a reasonable possibility that such action, suit or proceeding might be determined adversely to the Company or such subsidiary, or any officer or director of, or property owned or leased by, the Company or any of its subsidiaries and (B) any such action, suit or proceeding, if so determined adversely, would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company or the applicable Issuer and delivered to the Representatives or counsel for the Underwriters in connection with the offering of the Offered Securities shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company or the applicable Issuer, as the case may be, as to matters covered thereby, to each Underwriter.
 
3. Purchase and Offering of Offered Securities. The obligation of the Underwriters to purchase the Offered Securities will be evidenced by an agreement or exchange of other written communications (“Terms Agreement”) at the time the Company and/or the applicable Issuer determine to sell the Offered Securities. The Terms Agreement will incorporate by reference the provisions of this Agreement, except as otherwise provided therein, and will specify the issuer, and if applicable, guarantor, of the securities to be sold, the firm or firms which will be Underwriters, the names of any Representatives, the principal or other amount of securities or number of shares to be purchased by each Underwriter, the purchase price to be paid by the Underwriters and (if the Offered Securities are debt securities) the terms of the Offered Securities not already specified in the Indenture, including, but not limited to, interest rate, maturity, any redemption provisions and any sinking fund requirements and whether any of the Offered Securities may be sold to institutional investors pursuant to Delayed Delivery Contracts (as defined below). The Terms Agreement will also specify the time and date of delivery and payment (such time and date, or such other time as the Representatives and the Company and/or the applicable Issuer agree as the time for payment and delivery, being herein and in the Terms Agreement referred to as the “Closing Date”), the place of delivery and payment and any details of the terms of offering that should be reflected in the prospectus supplement relating to the offering of the Offered Securities. For purposes of Rule 15c6-1 under the Exchange Act, the Closing Date (if later than the otherwise applicable settlement date) shall be the date for payment of funds and delivery of securities for all the Offered Securities sold pursuant to the offering, other than Contract Securities (as defined below) for which payment of funds and delivery of securities shall be as hereinafter provided. The obligations of the Underwriters to purchase the Offered Securities will be several and not joint. It is understood that the Underwriters propose to offer the Offered Securities for sale as set forth in the Final Prospectus.

If the Terms Agreement provides for sales of Offered Securities pursuant to delayed delivery contracts, the Company or the applicable Issuer authorize the Underwriters to solicit offers to purchase Offered Securities pursuant to delayed delivery contracts substantially in the form of Annex I attached hereto (“Delayed Delivery Contracts”) with such changes therein as the Company or the applicable Issuer may authorize or approve. Delayed Delivery Contracts are to be with institutional investors, including commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies and educational and charitable institutions. On the Closing Date the Company and/or the applicable Issuer will pay, as compensation, to the Representatives for the accounts of the Underwriters, the fee set forth in such Terms Agreement in respect of the principal amount or number of shares of Offered Securities to be sold pursuant to Delayed Delivery Contracts (“Contract Securities”). The Underwriters will not have any responsibility in respect of the validity or the performance of Delayed Delivery Contracts. If the Company and/or the applicable Issuer execute and deliver Delayed Delivery Contracts, the Contract Securities will be deducted from the Offered Securities to be purchased by the several Underwriters from the Company and/or the applicable Issuer and the aggregate principal amount or number of shares of Offered Securities to be purchased by each Underwriter from the Company and/or the applicable Issuer will be reduced pro rata in proportion to the principal amount or number of shares of Offered Securities set forth opposite each Underwriter’s name in such Terms Agreement, except to the extent that the Representatives determine that such reduction shall be otherwise than pro rata and so advise the Company and/or the applicable Issuer. The Company and/or the applicable Issuer will advise the Representatives not later than the business day prior to the Closing Date of the principal amount or number of shares of Contract Securities.

If the Offered Securities are Warrants and such Offered Securities are issued in certificated form by the Company, the certificates for the Offered Securities delivered to the Underwriters on the Closing Date will be in definitive form, if the Offered Securities are Ordinary Shares or Warrants for Ordinary Shares such Offered Securities will be credited to the CREST accounts or (with the prior written consent of the Company) to the Euroclear Nederland accounts notified by the Underwriter to the Company on the Closing Date unless otherwise provided in the Terms Agreement, and if the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities, the Offered Securities delivered to the Underwriters on the Closing Date will be in definitive fully registered form, in each case in such denominations and registered in such names as the Representatives request. Payment for the Offered Securities shall be made by the Underwriters in Federal (same day) funds by official check or checks or wire transfers to accounts previously designated by the Company at banks acceptable to the Representatives at the place of payment specified in the Terms Agreement on the Closing Date, against delivery of the Offered Securities.

If the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities and the Terms Agreement specifies “Book-Entry Only” settlement or otherwise states that the provisions of this paragraph shall apply, the Company and/or the applicable Issuer will deliver against payment of the purchase price the Offered Securities in the form of one or more permanent global securities in definitive form (the “Global Securities”) deposited with the Trustee as custodian for The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC and/or deposited with the common depositary identified in the Terms Agreement (the “Common Depositary”), as custodian for Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear System (“Euroclear”), and Clearstream Banking, société anonyme (“Clearstream”), and registered in the name of the Common Depositary, or its nominee, as nominee for Euroclear and Clearstream. Interests in any permanent global securities will be held only in book-entry form through DTC and/or Euroclear and Clearstream, except in the limited circumstances described in the Final Prospectus. Payment for the Offered Securities shall be made against delivery to the Trustee as custodian for DTC and/or to the Common Depositary as custodian for Euroclear and Clearstream of the Global Securities representing all the Offered Securities.

4. Certain Agreements of the Company and the Issuers. The Company, and if Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities are being offered, Shell Finance, and if Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities are being offered, Shell Finance US, agrees with the several Underwriters that it will furnish to counsel for the Underwriters, copies of the registration statement relating to the Registered Securities, including all exhibits as such counsel may reasonably request, in the form it became effective and of all amendments thereto and that, in connection with each offering of Offered Securities:

(a) The Company and/or the applicable Issuer will file the Final Prospectus with the Commission pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 424(b)(2) or (5), if applicable, not later than the second business day following the execution and delivery of the Terms Agreement.
 
(b) During any time when a prospectus relating to the Offered Securities is required to be delivered under the Act in connection with sales by any Underwriter or dealer (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172), the Company and/or the applicable Issuer will advise the Representatives promptly of any proposal to amend or supplement the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus or to issue any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus relating to the Offered Securities (other than the issuance of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus included in Schedule B to the applicable Terms Agreement) and will afford the Representatives a reasonable opportunity to comment on any such proposed amendment or supplement or such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus; and the Company and/or the applicable Issuer will also advise the Representatives promptly of the filing of any such amendment or supplement or such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and of the institution by the Commission of any stop order proceedings in respect of the Registration Statement or of any part thereof and will use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order and to obtain as soon as possible its lifting, if issued; provided, however, that nothing in this paragraph shall apply to any report to be filed or furnished to the Commission under the periodic reporting requirements of the Exchange Act except those periodic reports furnished to the Commission and incorporated by reference into the Final Prospectus between the date of a Terms Agreement and the Closing Date with respect to the Offered Securities subject to the Terms Agreement.

(c) If the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities or as otherwise agreed with the Representatives, the Company and/or the applicable Issuer will prepare a final term sheet substantially in the form of Annex II hereto, containing solely a description of the Offered Securities and will file such term sheet pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act within the time required by such Rule.

(d) If, at any time when a prospectus relating to the Offered Securities is required to be delivered under the Act in connection with sales by any Underwriter or dealer, any event occurs as a result of which the Final Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or if it is necessary at any time to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Final Prospectus to comply with the Act, the Company and/or the applicable Issuer promptly will notify the Representatives of such event and promptly will prepare and file with the Commission, an amendment or supplement which will correct such statement or omission or an amendment which will effect such compliance.

(e) As soon as practicable, but not later than 16 months, after the date of each Terms Agreement, the Company will make generally available to its securityholders an earnings statement of the Company covering a period of at least 12 months which will satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Act, including through compliance with Rule 158 under the Act.

(f) The Company and/or the applicable Issuer will furnish to the Representatives copies of the Registration Statement, including all exhibits, and, for so long as delivery of a prospectus relating to the Offered Securities by an Underwriter or dealer is required under the Act in connection with sales by such Underwriter or such dealer (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172), the Base Prospectus, any related Preliminary Final Prospectus, the Final Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and all amendments and supplements to such documents, in each case promptly after a request and in such quantities as the Representatives reasonably request.

(g) Each of the Company and the applicable Issuer will pay all expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under the Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement), for any filing fees or other expenses (including fees and disbursements of counsel) in connection with qualification of the Offered Securities for sale and (if the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities) any determination of their eligibility for investment under the laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives may reasonably designate and the printing of memoranda relating thereto, for any fees charged by investment rating agencies for the rating of the Offered Securities (if the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities), for any applicable filing fee incident to the review by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority of the Offered Securities, the fees and expenses of any listing of the Offered Securities, for any travel expenses of the Company’s officers and employees and any other expenses of the Company and/or the applicable Issuer in connection with attending or hosting meetings with prospective purchasers of Offered Securities, and for expenses incurred in distributing the Final Prospectus, the Disclosure Package, supplements to the Final Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to the Underwriters, it being understood that the Underwriters will pay all of their expenses relating to the offer and sale of the Offered Securities, including the fees and expenses of their counsel.

(h) The Company and the applicable Issuer will arrange, if necessary, for the qualification of the Offered Securities for sale under the laws of such jurisdictions in the United States of America as the Representatives may designate in writing and will maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Offered Securities; provided, that in no event shall the Company or the applicable Issuer be obligated to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified, to take any action that would subject it to service of process in suits, other than those arising out of the offering or sale of the Offered Securities, in any jurisdiction where it is not as of the date of the Terms Agreement so subject or to subject itself to taxation as doing business in any such jurisdiction.

(i) Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, represents and agrees with the Company that, unless it has obtained or will obtain, as the case may be, the prior written consent of the Company, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Offered Securities that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405) required to be filed by the Company and/or the applicable Issuer with the Commission or retained by the Company and/or the applicable Issuer under Rule 433, other than the final term sheet prepared and filed pursuant to Section 4(c) hereto; provided that the prior written consent of the Company shall be deemed to have been given in respect of the Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, included in Schedule B to the applicable Terms Agreement and any electronic road show. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Company is hereinafter referred to as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus”. The Company agrees that (x) it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and (y) has complied and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433 applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the Commission, legending and record keeping.

(j) Each of the Company and the applicable Issuer consents to the use by any Underwriter of a Free Writing Prospectus that (a) is not an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and (b) contains only (A) information describing the preliminary terms of the Offered Securities or their offering, (B) information required or permitted by Rule 134 under the Act that is not “issuer information” as defined in Rule 433 or (C) information that describes the final terms of the Offered Securities or their offering and that is included in the final term sheet prepared and filed pursuant to Section 4(c) hereto.

5. Conditions of the Obligations of the Underwriters. The obligations of the several Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Offered Securities will be subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company and the applicable Issuer herein on the Closing Date, to the accuracy of the statements of Company officers made pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company and the applicable Issuer of their obligations hereunder and to the following additional conditions precedent:

(a) On the Closing Date (and if so specified in the Terms Agreement, the date of the Terms Agreement), the Representatives shall have received a letter (also addressed to the Board of Directors of the Company and/or the applicable Issuer), dated the date of delivery thereof (and if so specified in the Terms Agreement, dated the date of the Terms Agreement), of the independent auditors of the Company confirming that they are independent public accountants within the meaning of the Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable published Rules and Regulations thereunder adopted by the Commission and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and stating to the effect that:

(i) in their opinion the financial statements and any schedules audited by them and included in the Final Prospectus or the Disclosure Package or incorporated by reference in the Final Prospectus or the Disclosure Package comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the Exchange Act and the related published Rules and Regulations;

(ii) they have performed the procedures specified by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board for a review of interim financial information as described in AU 722, Interim Financial Information, on any unaudited financial statements incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement;

(iii) on the basis of the review referred to in clause (ii) above and/or a reading of the latest available interim financial statements of the Company and/or inquiries of certain officials of the Company who have responsibility for financial and accounting matters and/or other specified procedures as appropriate (but not an audit in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)), nothing came to their attention that caused them to believe that:


(A) any material modification should be made to the unaudited condensed financial statements included in the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, if any, for them to be in conformity with the basis of presentation as described in the Company’s year-end financial statements incorporated by reference therein, and that such unaudited condensed financial statements do not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the related rules and regulations adopted by the Commission;

(B) at the date of the latest available balance sheet information read by or available to such accountants, there was any change in balance sheet items specified in the Terms Agreement of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as compared with amounts shown on the latest balance sheet information included in the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus; or

(C) for the period from the closing date of the latest income statement information included in the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus to the closing date of the latest available income statement read by or available to such accountants there were any decreases, as compared with the corresponding period of the previous year and with the period of corresponding length ended the date of the latest income statement information included in the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, in the statement of income items specified in the Terms Agreement;
 
except in all cases set forth in clauses (B) and (C) above for changes, increases or decreases which the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus discloses have occurred or may occur or which are described in such letter;

(iv) they have compared specified dollar amounts (or percentages derived from such dollar amounts) and other financial information contained in the Registration Statement, the Final Prospectus and the Disclosure Package (in each case to the extent that such dollar amounts, percentages and other financial information are derived from the general accounting records of the Company and its subsidiaries subject to the internal controls over financial reporting of the Company’s accounting system or to schedules prepared by the Company therefrom) with the results obtained from a reading of such general accounting records and other procedures specified in such letter and have found such dollar amounts, percentages and other financial information to be in agreement with such results, except as otherwise specified in such letter; and

(v) if pro forma financial statements are included or incorporated in the Registration Statement, the Final Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, on the basis of a reading of the unaudited pro forma financial statements, carrying out certain specified procedures, inquiries of certain officials of the Company and the acquired company(ies) who have responsibility for financial and accounting matters, and proving the arithmetic accuracy of the application of the pro forma adjustments to the historical amounts in the pro forma financial statements, nothing came to their attention which caused them to believe that the pro forma financial statements do not comply in form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of Rule 11-02 of Regulation S-X or that the pro forma adjustments have not been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of such statements.

All financial statements and schedules included in material incorporated by reference into the Final Prospectus or the Disclosure Package shall be deemed included in the Final Prospectus or the Disclosure Package for purposes of this subsection.

(b) The Final Prospectus shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with the Rules and Regulations. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any part thereof shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted. The final term sheet contemplated by Section 4(c) hereto, and any other material required to be filed by the Company and/or the applicable Issuer pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act, shall have been filed with the Commission within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings by Rule 433.

(c) Subsequent to the execution of the Terms Agreement, there shall not have occurred (i) any banking moratorium declared by U.S. Federal, UK or Dutch authorities; (ii) any major disruption of settlements of securities or clearance services in the United States, the UK or the Netherlands, (iii) any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other calamity or crisis involving the United States, the UK or the Netherlands, (iv) any decrease in the rating of any of the Company’s debt securities by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization” (as such term is defined in Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act) or a public announcement by such organization that it has under surveillance or review, with possible negative implications, its rating of any of the Company’s debt securities, or (v) any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, business or properties of the Company or its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Final Prospectus, which, in the case of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) or (v) in the reasonable judgment of the Representatives, is so material and adverse as to make it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with completion of the public offering or the sale of and payment for the Offered Securities.

(d) The Representatives shall have received an opinion, dated the Closing Date, of Slaughter and May, English counsel for the Company, substantially to the effect that:

(i) The Company is a public limited company duly incorporated under the laws of England and Wales and is a validly existing company;

(ii) If the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities, or Warrants for Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities: the Company has the corporate power and authority to (a) sign and deliver the Indenture, this Agreement, the Terms Agreement, the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, and the warrant agreement, if any and (b) to exercise its rights and perform its obligations under the Indenture, the Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement), the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, and the warrant agreement, if any.

(iii) If the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities: the signature and delivery of the Indenture by the Company and the exercise of its rights and the performance of its obligations under the Indenture are not prohibited by any law or regulation applicable to English companies generally or by the Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association of the Company.

(iv) No authorization, approval or consent of or registration of or filing with, any governmental authority or regulatory body within the UK is required in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the Terms Agreement.

(v) The statements made in the Final Prospectus and the Disclosure Package under the caption “Taxation — U.K. Taxation”, insofar as they purport to summarize the material UK tax consequences for a U.S. holder of an investment in the Offered Securities, fairly summarize the matters therein described.

(vi) If the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities, or Warrants for Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities: (a) the execution and delivery of the Indenture, and if applicable, the warrant agreement, have been duly authorized by the Company, and the Indenture and, if applicable, the warrant agreement have been duly executed and delivered by the Company; and (b) on the assumption that the Indenture, and if applicable, the warrant agreement create valid, binding and enforceable obligations of the parties under New York law, English law will not prevent any provisions of the Indenture or the warrant agreement (if applicable) from being valid, binding and enforceable obligations of the Company; and the choice of New York law to govern the Indenture or the warrant agreement (if applicable) is, under the laws of England, a valid choice of law.

(vii) If the Offered Securities are Ordinary Shares: (a) all necessary corporate action has been taken by the Company to authorize the issue of the Offered Securities; (b) the Offered Securities have been validly issued and fully paid and no further contributions in respect of such Offered Securities will be required to be made to the Company by the holders thereof, by reason solely of their being such holders.

(viii) If the Offered Securities are Warrants (other than Warrants described in (ii) above): (a) all necessary corporate action has been taken by the Company to authorize the signing of the warrant agreements relating to the Warrants; (b) the terms of the Warrants and of their issuance and sale have been established in conformity with the Company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association and so as not to violate English law; (c) the warrant agreements and the Warrants have been duly executed; (d) if the warrant agreements and the Warrants are expressed to be governed by English law the warrant agreements and the Warrants constitute valid and binding obligations of the parties under English law.

(ix) The execution and delivery of the Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement) and, if the Offered Securities are debt securities, any Delayed Delivery Contracts have been duly authorized by the Company, and the Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement) and, if the Offered Securities are debt securities, any Delayed Delivery Contracts have been duly executed and delivered by the Company.

Such opinions shall be subject to customary limitations, reservations and assumptions.

(e) If the Offered Securities are Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, the Representatives shall have received an opinion, dated the Closing Date, of De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V., Dutch counsel for Shell Finance, substantially to the effect that:

(i) Shell Finance has been incorporated and is existing as a private company with limited liability (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) under Dutch law.

(ii) Shell Finance has the corporate power to enter into and perform this Agreement, the Indenture, the Terms Agreement and the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, and to issue and perform the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities.

(iii) Shell Finance has taken all necessary corporate action to authorize its entry into and performance of this Agreement, the Indenture, the Terms Agreement and the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, and its issue and performance of the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities.

(iv) This Agreement, the Indenture, the Terms Agreement, the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, and the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities have been validly signed by Shell Finance.

(v) Under Dutch law there are no governmental or regulatory consents, approvals or authorizations required by Shell Finance for its entry into and performance of this Agreement, the Indenture, the Terms Agreement or the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, or for its issue and performance of the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities.

(vi) Under Dutch law there are no registration, filing or similar formalities required to ensure the validity, binding effect and enforceability against Shell Finance of this Agreement, the Indenture, the Terms Agreement, the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, or the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities.

(vii) The entry into and performance of this Agreement, the Indenture, the Terms Agreement, the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, or the issue and performance of the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, by Shell Finance do not violate Dutch law or the articles of association of Shell Finance.

(viii) The choice of New York law as the governing law of the Underwriting Agreement, the Indenture, the Terms Agreement, the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, and the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities is recognized and accordingly that law governs the validity, binding effect on and enforceability against Shell Finance of this Agreement, the Indenture, the Terms Agreement, the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, and the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities.

(ix) The validity, binding effect and enforceability against Shell Finance of the submission to the jurisdiction of the New York Courts under Dutch private international law are likely governed by New York law and are not restricted by Dutch law.

(x) A judgment in a civil or commercial matter rendered by a New York court cannot be enforced in the Netherlands. However, if a person has obtained a final judgment without appeal in such a matter rendered by a New York court which is enforceable in New York and files his claim with a Dutch court with jurisdiction, the Dutch court will generally recognize and give binding effect to the judgment insofar as it finds that (a) the jurisdiction of the New York court has been based on an internationally generally accepted ground, (b) proper legal procedures have been observed, (c) the judgment does not contravene Dutch public policy and (d) the judgment is not irreconcilable with a judgment of a Dutch court or an earlier judgment of a foreign court that is capable of being recognized in the Netherlands.

(xi) The statements in the Registration Statement under the heading “Taxation – Dutch taxation” and “Enforceability of Certain Civil Liabilities”, to the extent that they are statements as to Dutch law, are correct.

Such opinions shall be subject to customary limitations, reservations and assumptions.

(f) The Representatives shall have received an opinion, dated the Closing Date, of Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, United States counsel for the Company, and if the Offered Securities are Guaranteed Debt Securities, each applicable Issuer, and, substantially to the effect that:

(i) No authorization, approval or other action by, and no notice to, consent of, order of, or filing with, any United States Federal or New York, or, in the case of Shell Finance US, to the extent required under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, Delaware, governmental authority is required to be made or obtained by the Company, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, for the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Underwriting Agreement and Terms Agreement, other than (i) those that have been obtained or made under the Act or the Trust Indenture Act, (ii) those that may be required under the Act in connection with the use of a “free writing prospectus” and (iii) those that may be required under the blue sky laws of any jurisdiction in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Offered Securities by the Underwriters.

(ii) The consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Underwriting Agreement and Terms Agreement will not (a) if the Offered Securities are Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities, violate the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws of Shell Finance US or (b) contravene any law, rule or regulation of the United States or of the State of New York, or, in the case of Shell Finance US, the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, that, in such counsel’s experience, is normally applicable to general business corporations in relation to transactions of the type contemplated by the Underwriting Agreement and Terms Agreement.

(iii) The statements made in the Final Prospectus and the Disclosure Package under the caption “Taxation — U.S. Taxation”, insofar as they purport to describe the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Offered Securities, fairly summarize the matters therein described.

(iv) If the Offered Securities are Debt Securities: (a) assuming that the Indenture has been duly authorized, and to the extent not a matter of New York law, executed and delivered by the Company, the Indenture constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); (b) the Offered Securities conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Final Prospectus and the Disclosure Package; (c) assuming that the Offered Securities have been duly authorized, when executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture and delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement and Terms Agreement, the Offered Securities will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits of the Indenture and enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and (d) the Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.

(v) If the Offered Securities are Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities: (a) assuming that the Indenture has been duly authorized, and to the extent not a matter of New York law, executed and delivered by the Company and Shell Finance, the Indenture constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company and Shell Finance enforceable against the Company and Shell Finance in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); (b) the Offered Securities conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Final Prospectus and the Disclosure Package; (c) assuming that the Offered Securities have been duly authorized, when executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture and delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement and Terms Agreement, the Offered Securities will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of Shell Finance and the guarantee of the Offered Securities will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, entitled to the benefits of the Indenture and enforceable against Shell Finance and the Company, respectively, in accordance with their terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and (d) the Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.

(vi) If the Offered Securities are Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities:

(a) Based solely on a certificate from the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, Shell Finance US is a corporation validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware.

(b) This Agreement, the Terms Agreement and the Delayed Delivery Contract, if any, has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by Shell Finance US.

(c)(1) The Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by Shell Finance US, and, assuming that the Indenture has been duly authorized, and to the extent not a matter of New York law, executed and delivered by the Company, the Indenture constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of each of the Company and Shell Finance US enforceable against each of the Company and Shell Finance US in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); (2) the Offered Securities conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Final Prospectus and the Disclosure Package; (3) the Offered Securities have been duly authorized by Shell Finance US, and, assuming that the Offered Securities have been duly authorized by the Company, when executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture and delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement and Terms Agreement, the Offered Securities will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of Shell Finance US and the guarantee of the Offered Securities will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, entitled to the benefits of the Indenture and enforceable against Shell Finance US and the Company, respectively, in accordance with their terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and (d) the Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.


(vii) If the Offered Securities are Ordinary Shares represented by American Depositary Shares: (a) assuming that the Deposit Agreement has been duly authorized, and to the extent not a matter of New York law, executed and delivered by the Company, the Deposit Agreement constitutes legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law). Insofar as provisions in the Deposit Agreement provide for indemnification or a limitation of liability, the enforceability thereof may be limited by public policy considerations; (b) the statements set forth under the heading “Description of Shell American Depositary Shares” in the Final Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, insofar as such statements purport to constitute summaries of the terms of the ADSs, fairly summarize, in all material respects, the matters therein described; and (c) assuming that the issuance of the ADSs has been duly authorized by the Company and the Depositary in accordance with applicable laws and that the ADSs conform to the form of ADSs attached to the Deposit Agreement (which fact such counsel has not verified by an inspection of the individual ADSs), upon due issuance by the Depositary of ADSs evidencing ADSs being delivered on the date hereof against the deposit of Ordinary Shares in respect thereof in accordance with the provisions of the Deposit Agreement and upon due execution thereof by the Depositary’s authorized officers, the ADSs evidencing such ADSs will be duly and validly issued and persons in whose names such ADSs are registered will be entitled to the rights specified therein and in the Deposit Agreement. In expressing the foregoing opinion, such counsel may assume that (A) the Ordinary Shares represented by the ADSs which are in turn evidenced by such ADSs have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and nonassessable and any preemptive rights with respect to such Ordinary Shares have been validly waived or exercised, (B) the Company has the full power, authority and legal right to deposit the Ordinary Shares in accordance with the Deposit Agreement and (C) the Ordinary Shares have been duly deposited in accordance with the Deposit Agreement, in each case under and in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations.

(viii) If the Offered Securities are Warrants for Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities (“Debt Warrants”): (a) assuming that the debt warrant agreement has been duly authorized, and to the extent not a matter of New York law, executed and delivered by the Company, the debt warrant agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and (b) assuming that debt warrant certificates relating to the Debt Warrants have been duly authorized, and to the extent not a matter of New York law, executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the relevant debt warrant agreement and issued and sold as contemplated in the Registration Statement, such debt warrant certificates will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits of the relevant debt warrant agreement and enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

(ix) The Registration Statement (and if the Offered Securities are ADSs, also the Registration Statement on Form F-6 relating to the ADSs (the “ADS Registration Statement”)) has become effective under the Act, and, to such counsel’s knowledge, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement (or the ADS Registration Statement, if applicable) has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or contemplated under the Act.

(x) Neither the Company nor the applicable Issuer is required to register as an “investment company” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP will also provide the Representatives with a statement to the effect that although such counsel has made certain inquiries and investigations in connection with the preparation of the Registration Statement (and the ADS Registration Statement, if applicable) and, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, the limitations inherent in the role of outside counsel are such that such counsel cannot and do not assume responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the statements made in the Registration Statement (and the ADS Registration Statement, if applicable) and, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, except insofar as such statements relate to such counsel and the opinions referenced above, as applicable; subject to the foregoing, (a) such counsel confirms, on the basis of information gained in the course of the performance of the services rendered above, the Registration Statement (and the ADS Registration Statement, if applicable), at the time it became effective (or was last amended or deemed to be amended, as applicable), and the Final Prospectus, as of the date thereof (in each case except for the financial statements and other information of a statistical, accounting or financial nature included therein, the Statements of Eligibility (Form T-1) included as exhibits to the Registration Statement and any description of English and Dutch law, as to which such counsel does not express any view), appeared or appears on its face to be appropriately responsive in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder; (b) such counsel advises that such counsel’s work in connection with this matter did not disclose any information that gave such counsel reason to believe that the Registration Statement (and the ADS Registration Statement, if applicable), at the time the Registration Statement (and the ADS Registration Statement, as applicable) became effective (or was last amended or deemed to be amended, as applicable), contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or that the Final Prospectus, as of its date and the Closing Date, or the Disclosure Package, considered together as of the Applicable Time, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (in each case except for the financial statements and other information of an accounting or financial nature included therein as to which such counsel does not express any view, and noting that such counsel assumed the correctness of the descriptions of Dutch law and English law provided by Dutch and English counsel to the Company).

Such opinion and statement shall be subject to customary limitations, reservations and assumptions.

(g) The Representatives shall have received, if the Offered Securities are Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs, the opinion of counsel to the Depositary stating that the Deposit Agreement is a valid and binding obligation of the Depositary and that the ADSs will be duly and validly issued and will entitle the registered holders the rights specified in the Deposit Agreement.

(h) The Representatives shall have received from Morrison & Foerster LLP or such other counsel specified in the Terms Agreement, counsel for the Underwriters, an opinion incorporating subparagraphs (iii) through (viii), and the final paragraph in (f) above, dated the Closing Date, and the Company and/or the applicable Issuer shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they request for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon such matters.

(i) The Representatives shall have received a certificate, dated the Closing Date, signed by any one of a director, the Chief Financial Officer, Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Company or Group Treasurer or the Head or Vice President of Financial Markets of the Shell Group (meaning Shell plc and those companies in which it either directly or indirectly has control, by having either a majority of the voting rights or the right to exercise a controlling influence or to obtain the majority of the benefits and be exposed to a majority of the risks) (and without personal liability of those persons signing) in which such officers, to the best of their knowledge after having carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Final Prospectus, the Disclosure Package and this Agreement, shall state that:

(i) the representations and warranties of the Company and the applicable Issuer, in this Agreement are true and correct on and as of the Closing Date with the same effect as if made on the Closing Date and each of the Company and the applicable Issuer has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the Closing Date;

(ii) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company or the applicable Issuer, threatened; and

(iii) since the date of the most recent financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Final Prospectus or Disclosure Package, there has been no material adverse effect on the condition (financial or other), earnings, business or properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Final Prospectus or Disclosure Package or as described in such certificate.

The Company and the applicable Issuer will furnish the Representatives with such conformed copies of such opinions, certificates, letters and documents as the Representatives reasonably request. The Representatives may in their sole discretion waive on behalf of the Underwriters compliance with any conditions to the obligations of the Underwriters under this Agreement and the Terms Agreement.

6. Indemnification and Contribution. (a) The Company, and if the Offered Securities are Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, Shell Finance, and if the Offered Securities are Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities, Shell Finance US, will indemnify jointly and severally and hold harmless each Underwriter and the directors, officers and employees of each Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls such Underwriter, within the meaning of the Act or the Exchange Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which they or any of them may become subject under the Act or the Exchange Act or other U.S. federal or state statutory law or regulation, at common law or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in the Registration Statement, the Final Prospectus, the Disclosure Package, Preliminary Final Prospectus, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and each as amended or supplemented if the Company or the applicable Issuer shall have furnished any amendments or supplements thereto, or caused by the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading, and will reimburse each such indemnified party for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Company, and if the Offered Securities are Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, Shell Finance, and if the Offered Securities are Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities, Shell Finance US, will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement in or omission or alleged omission from any of such documents in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company or the applicable Issuer by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives, if any, specifically for use therein.

(b) Each Underwriter will severally indemnify and hold harmless the Company and the applicable Issuer, each of their directors, officers and employees and each person, if any, who controls the Company and/or the applicable Issuer within the meaning of the Act or the Exchange Act, to the same extent as the forgoing indemnity from the Company or the applicable Issuer to each Underwriter but only with reference to written information furnished to the Company and/or the applicable Issuer by such Underwriter through the Representatives, if any, specifically for use therein, and will reimburse any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company and the applicable Issuer in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as such expenses are incurred.

(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 6 of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against an indemnifying party under subsection (a) or (b) above, notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof; but the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have under subsection (a) or (b) above except to the extent that it has been materially prejudiced (through the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses) by such failure; and provided further that the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have to an indemnified party otherwise than under subsection (a) or (b) above. In case any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies an indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it may wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party (not to be unreasonably withheld), be counsel to the indemnifying party), and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party will not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. Notwithstanding the indemnifying party’s election to appoint counsel to represent the indemnified party in an action, the indemnified party shall have the right to employ a single separate counsel, in addition to a single separate local counsel, and the indemnifying party shall bear the reasonable fees, costs and expenses of such separate counsel, if the use of counsel chosen by the indemnifying party to represent the indemnified party would present such counsel with a conflict of interest. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees and expenses of more than one separate firm for all such indemnified parties. An indemnifying party shall not, without prior written consent of the indemnified parties (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed), settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any pending or threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties to such claim or action) unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such claim, action, suit or proceeding. The indemnifying party shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the indemnified party from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment.

(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section is unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in subsection (a) or (b) above (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company and/or the applicable Issuer on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Offered Securities or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law or is unavailable for any reason, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company and/or the applicable Issuer on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company and the applicable Issuer on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company and/or the applicable Issuer bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company and/or the applicable Issuer or the Underwriters and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement or omission. The Company, the applicable Issuer and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution were determined by pro rata allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to above. The amount paid by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in the first sentence of this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any action or claim which is the subject of this subsection (d). Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Offered Securities underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

(e) The obligations of the Company and the applicable Issuer under this Section shall be in addition to any liability which the Company and the applicable Issuer may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each director, officer and employee of, and each person, if any, who controls, any Underwriter within the meaning of the Act or the Exchange Act; and the obligations of the Underwriters under this Section shall be in addition to any liability which the respective Underwriters may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each director, officer and employee of the Company and the applicable Issuer and to each person, if any, who controls the Company and the applicable Issuer within the meaning of the Act or the Exchange Act.

7. Default of Underwriters. If any Underwriter or Underwriters default in their obligations to purchase Offered Securities under the Terms Agreement and the aggregate principal amount (if Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities) or number of Warrants or shares (if Ordinary Shares) of Offered Securities that such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase does not exceed 10% of the total principal amount (if Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities) or number of Warrants or shares (if Ordinary Shares) of Offered Securities the non-defaulting Underwriters shall be obligated severally, in proportion to their respective commitments under the Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement), to purchase the Offered Securities that such defaulting Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase. If any Underwriter or Underwriters so default and the aggregate principal amount (if Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities) or number of Warrants or shares (if Ordinary Shares) of Offered Securities with respect to which such default or defaults occur exceeds 10% of the total principal amount (if Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities) or number of Warrants or shares (if Ordinary Shares) of Offered Securities and arrangements satisfactory to the Representatives, the Company and the applicable Issuer for the purchase of such Offered Securities by other persons are not made within 36 hours after such default, this Agreement will terminate without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter or the Company or the applicable Issuer, except as provided in Section 8. As used in this Agreement, the term “Underwriter” includes any person substituted for an Underwriter under this Section. Nothing herein will relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability, if any, for its default. If the Offered Securities are Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities, the respective commitments of the several Underwriters for the purposes of this Section shall be determined without regard to reduction in the respective Underwriters’ obligations to purchase the principal amounts (if Debt Securities or Guaranteed Debt Securities) or number of Warrants or shares (if Ordinary Shares) of the Offered Securities set forth opposite their names in the Terms Agreement as a result of Delayed Delivery Contracts entered into by the Company and/or the applicable Issuer.

8. Survival of Certain Representations and Obligations. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the applicable Issuer, the Company or their officers and of the several Underwriters set forth in or made pursuant to the Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement) will remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation, or statement as to the results thereof, made by or on behalf of any Underwriter, the applicable Issuer, the Company or any of their respective representatives, officers or directors or any controlling person, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Offered Securities. Except where the sale by the Underwriters of the Offered Securities does not occur as a result of a material default by the Company or the applicable Issuer of its obligations hereunder, if the sale of the Offered Securities provided for herein is not consummated because any condition to the obligations of the Underwriters set forth in Section 5 hereof is not satisfied or because of any refusal, inability or failure on the part of any party to perform any agreement herein or comply with any provision hereof, each party hereto shall be responsible for all of its own out of pocket expenses (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel) that shall have been incurred in connection with the proposed purchase and sale of the Offered Securities.

9. Notices. All communications hereunder will be in writing and, if sent to the Underwriters, will be mailed, delivered or faxed and confirmed to them at their address furnished to the Company or the Issuers in writing for the purpose of communications hereunder or, if sent to the Company or the Issuers, will be mailed, delivered or faxed and confirmed to them at Shell Centre, London SE1 7NA, telephone: +44 207 934 1234, fax: +44 207 934 7770, Attention: Head of Financial Markets (SI-FTF).

10. Successors. The Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement) will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company, the Issuers and such Underwriters as are identified in the Terms Agreement and their respective successors and the officers and directors and controlling persons referred to in Section 6, and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder.

11. Representation. Any Representatives may act for the several Underwriters in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Terms Agreement, and any action under such Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement) taken by the Representatives jointly or separately will be binding upon all the Underwriters.

12. Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes. 

(a)  In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity (as defined below) becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime (as defined below), the transfer from such Underwriter of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

(b)  In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity or a BHC Act Affiliate (as defined below) of such Underwriter becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights (as defined below) under this Agreement that may be exercised against such Underwriter are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

(c)  For purposes of this Section a “BHC Act Affiliate” has the meaning assigned to the term “affiliate” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. § 1841(k). “Covered Entity” means any of the following: (i) a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b); (ii) a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or (iii) a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b). “Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable. “U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.


13. Counterparts. The Terms Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same Agreement. Counterparts may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail (including any electronic signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, the Electronic Signatures and Records Act or other applicable law, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.

14. No Fiduciary Duty. Each of the Company and the Issuers acknowledges and agrees that (a) the purchase and sale of the Offered Securities pursuant to this Agreement is an arm’s-length commercial transaction between the Company and the Issuers, on the one hand, and the several Underwriters, on the other, (b) in connection therewith and with the process leading to such transaction each Underwriter is acting solely as a principal and not the agent or fiduciary of the Company or the Issuers, (c) no Underwriter has assumed an advisory or fiduciary responsibility in favor of the Company or the Issuers with respect to the offering contemplated hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether such Underwriter has advised or is currently advising the Company or the Issuers on other matters) or any other obligation to the Company or the Issuers except the obligations expressly set forth in this Agreement and (d) each of the Company and the Issuers have consulted its own legal and financial advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate. Each of the Company and the Issuers agrees that it will not claim that the Underwriters, or any of them, has rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owes a fiduciary or similar duty to the Company or the Issuers, in connection with such transaction or the process leading thereto.

15. Entire Agreement. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings (whether written or oral) between the Company and the Issuers and the Underwriters, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof.

16. Applicable Law. This Agreement and the Terms Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, without regard to principles of conflicts of laws.

17. Jurisdiction. Each of the Company and the Issuers hereby submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the Federal and state courts in the Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York in any suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to the Terms Agreement (including the provisions of this Agreement) or the transactions contemplated thereby.

18. Waiver of Jury Trial. The Company, the Issuers and the Underwriters irrevocably agree to waive trial by jury in any action, proceeding, claim or counterclaim brought by or on behalf of any party related to or arising out of this agreement, any terms agreement or any delayed delivery contract.

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, kindly sign and return to the Company one of the counterparts hereof, whereupon it will become a binding agreement between the Company, the Issuers and the Underwriters in accordance with its terms.
 
           
 
Very truly yours,
     
   
 
Shell plc
       
   
 
By

 
   
 
Name:
 
 
   
 
Title:
 
 
     
   
 
Shell International Finance B.V., in The Hague
       
   
 
By
 
 
   
 
Name:
 
 
   
 
Title:
 
 
       
   
 
By
 
 
   
 
Name:
 
 
   
 
Title:
 
 
           
   
 
Shell Finance US Inc.
       
   
 
By
 
 
   
 
Name:
 
 
   
 
Title:
 
 





[Signature Page of Underwriting Agreement]

The foregoing Underwriting Agreement is hereby accepted and agreed to as of the date first above written.
 
       
 
[UNDERWRITERS]
 
       
 
By
 
 
   
Name:
 
   
Title:
 







[Signature Page of Underwriting Agreement]

ANNEX I

(Three copies of this Delayed Delivery Contract should be signed and returned
to the address shown below so as to arrive not later than 9:00 A.M.,
New York time, on                  ,         1)

DELAYED DELIVERY CONTRACT

[Insert date of initial public offering]

Shell plc
Shell International Finance B.V.
Shell Finance US Inc.
c/o [REPRESENTATIVES]

Gentlemen:

The undersigned hereby agrees to purchase from [Shell plc, a public company limited by shares existing under the laws of England and Wales / Shell International Finance B.V., a private limited liability company organized under the laws of the Netherlands / Shell Finance US Inc., a Delaware corporation] (the “Company”), and the Company agrees to sell to the undersigned, [If one delayed closing, insert—as of the date hereof, for delivery on              ,         (“Delivery Date”),]

[$]                 [shares]

—principal amount—of the Company’s [Insert title of securities] (“Securities”), offered by the Company’s Prospectus dated             ,         and a Prospectus Supplement dated             ,         relating thereto, receipt of copies of which is hereby acknowledged, at— % of the principal amount thereof plus accrued interest, if any,—$ per share plus accrued dividends, if any,—and on the further terms and conditions set forth in this Delayed Delivery Contract (“Contract”).

[If two or more delayed closings, insert the following:

The undersigned will purchase from the Company as of the date hereof, for delivery on the dates set forth below, Securities in the—principal—amounts set forth below:
 
     
Delivery Date

Principal Amount
Number of Shares
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 

Each of such delivery dates is hereinafter referred to as a Delivery Date.]

Payment for the Securities that the undersigned has agreed to purchase for delivery on—the—each—Delivery Date shall be made to the Company or its order in Federal (same day) funds by certified or official bank check or wire transfer to an account designated by the Company, at the office of                      at          A.M. on—the—such—Delivery Date upon delivery to the undersigned of the Securities to be purchased by the undersigned—for delivery on such Delivery Date—in definitive [If debt issue, insert—fully registered] form and in such denominations and registered in such names as the undersigned may designate by written or telegraphic communication addressed to the Company not less than five full business days prior to—the—such—Delivery Date.


1 Insert date which is third full business day prior to Closing Date under the Terms Agreement.
A-I-1

It is expressly agreed that the provisions for delayed delivery and payment are for the sole convenience of the undersigned; that the purchase hereunder of Securities is to be regarded in all respects as a purchase as of the date of this Contract; that the obligation of the Company to make delivery of and accept payment for, and the obligation of the undersigned to take delivery of and make payment for, Securities on—the—each—Delivery Date shall be subject only to the conditions that (1) investment in the Securities shall not at—the—such—Delivery Date be prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction in the United States to which the undersigned is subject and (2) the Company shall have sold to the Underwriters the total—principal amount—number of shares—of the Securities less the—principal amount—number of shares—thereof covered by this and other similar Contracts. The undersigned represents that its investment in the Securities is not, as of the date hereof, prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction to which the undersigned is subject and which governs such investment.

Promptly after completion of the sale to the Underwriters the Company will mail or deliver to the undersigned at its address set forth below notice to such effect, accompanied by—a copy—copies—of the opinion[s] of counsel for the Company delivered to the Underwriters in connection therewith.

This Contract will inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, the parties hereto and their respective successors, but will not be assignable by either party hereto without the written consent of the other.

This contract shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, without regard to principles of conflicts of laws.

It is understood that the acceptance of any such Contract is in the Company’s sole discretion and, without limiting the foregoing, need not be on a first-come, first-served basis. If this Contract is acceptable to the Company, it is requested that the Company sign the form of acceptance below and mail or deliver one of the counterparts hereof to the undersigned at its address set forth below. This will become a binding contract between the Company and the undersigned when such counterpart is so mailed or delivered.
 
       
 
Yours very truly,

 

   
 
(Name of Purchaser)
     
 
By
 
 
   
 
(Title of Signatory)
 
       
   
 
(Address of Purchaser)

Accepted, as of the above date.
[Insert SHELL PLC / SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V. / Shell Finance US Inc.]
 
       
 
By
 
 
   
[Insert Title]
 
       
 
[By
 
 
   
[Insert Title]]
 
 
A-I-2

ANNEX II

Form of Final Term Sheet

Filed Pursuant to Rule 433
Registration No. 333-[●]

Pricing Term Sheet
[Date]
SHELL PLC
SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V.
SHELL FINANCE US INC.

[Name of Securities]
 
     
Issuer:
  
[Shell plc][Shell International Finance B.V.][Shell Finance US Inc.]
Guarantor:
  
[Shell plc][None]
Title of Securities:
  
[                    ]
Trade Date:
  
[                    ]
Settlement Date (T+[●]):
  
[                    ]
Maturity Date:
  
[                    ]
Aggregate Principal Amount Offered:
  
[$/€]●
Price to Public (Issue Price):
  
●% plus accrued interest, if any, from ●
Interest Rate:
  
●% per annum
Interest Payment Dates:
  
● on each ● and ●, commencing on ●
Optional Redemption:
  
[                    ]
Joint Bookrunners:
  
[                    ]

The Issuer has filed a Registration Statement (including a prospectus) with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the Offering to which this communication relates. Before you invest, you should read the prospectus in that registration statement and other documents the Issuer has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for more complete information about the Issuer and this Offering. You may get these documents for free by visiting EDGAR on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. Alternatively, the Issuer, any underwriter or any dealer participating in the Offering will arrange to send you the prospectus if you request it by calling [List Underwriters contact details].

Any disclaimers or other notices that may appear below are not applicable to this communication and should be disregarded. Such disclaimers or other notices were automatically generated as a result of this communication being sent via [Bloomberg] or another email system.
 
A-II-1

[Shell plc / Shell International Finance B.V. / Shell Finance US Inc.]
(“Company”)

[Guaranteed] Debt Securities

TERMS AGREEMENT

[●],20[●]

To: [Underwriters]

[The [Representative[s] of the] Underwriters identified herein

Dear Sirs:

[Shell plc, a public company limited by shares existing under the laws of England and Wales] [Shell International Finance B.V., a private limited liability company organized under the laws of the Netherlands] [Shell Finance US Inc., a Delaware corporation] (“Company”) agrees to issue and sell to the several Underwriters named in Schedule A hereto for their respective accounts, on and subject to the terms and conditions of the Underwriting Agreement filed as an exhibit to the Company’s registration statement on Form F-3 (No. 333-[●]) (“Underwriting Agreement”), the following securities (“Offered Securities”) on the following terms:

Title: [    %] [Floating Rate] [Senior/Subordinated] — Notes — Debentures — Bonds — Due     .

Principal Amount: $          [(“Firm Securities”)].

Guarantor: [None.] [Shell plc.]

Indenture: the indenture, dated as of [            ], 20[●], among [Shell plc as issuer] [Shell International Finance B.V. as issuer, Shell plc as guarantor] [Shell Finance US Inc. as issuer, Shell plc as guarantor] and [            ] as Trustee.

Common Depositary: [none][            ].
 
[Over-allotment: In addition, upon written notice from the Lead Underwriter given to the Company from time to time not more than [    ]1 days subsequent to the date hereof, the Underwriters may purchase up to $         additional principal amount (the “Optional Securities”) of the Offered Securities at the same purchase price set forth in this Terms Agreement for the Firm Securities. The Company agrees to issue and sell to the Underwriters the principal amount of Optional Securities specified in such notice, and the Underwriters agree, severally and not jointly, to purchase such Optional Securities. Such Optional Securities shall be purchased for the account of each Underwriter in the same proportion as the principal amount of Firm Securities set forth opposite such Underwriter’s name on Schedule A hereto (subject to adjustment by the Lead Underwriter to eliminate fractions) and may be purchased by the Underwriters only for the purpose of covering over-allotments made in connection with the sale of the Firm Securities. No Optional Securities shall be issued, sold or delivered unless the Firm Securities previously have been, or simultaneously are, sold and delivered. The right to purchase the Optional Securities or any portion thereof may be exercised from time to time and to the extent not previously exercised may be surrendered and terminated at any time upon notice by the Lead Underwriter to the Company. References to “Offered Securities” in this Terms Agreement and the Underwriting Agreement shall mean the Firm Securities and the Optional Securities. References to the “Closing Date” in the Underwriting Agreement shall mean the Closing Date for the delivery of and payment for the Firm Securities and each time for the delivery of and payment for the Optional Securities. Each condition to the Underwriters’ obligations to purchase and pay for the Firm Securities set forth in Section 5 shall also be a condition to their obligations to purchase and pay for any Optional Securities (with references to “Offered Securities” in any legal opinion being changed as appropriate to refer to the Optional Securities being delivered on the date of delivery of such opinion).]


1 To be determined in accordance with U.S. Federal income tax rules governing the fungibility of debt issues.
A-II-2

 
Interest: [    % per annum, from             ,         , payable semiannually on                      and                     , commencing             ,         , to holders of record on the preceding                      or                     , as the case may be.] [Zero coupon.]

Right to extend or defer interest payments:

Form and currency of payment:

[Additional amounts:]

Maturity:             ,         .

Repayment upon acceleration:

[Optional Redemption:]
 
Redemption:

Sinking Fund:

Defeasance:

Limitation on or additional events of default:

Limitation on or additional covenants:

Restrictions on transfer:

Conversion:

Subordination provisions:

Denominations:

Other terms:

Listing: [None.] [                    .]

Delayed Delivery Contracts: [None.] [Delivery Date[s] shall be             ,         . Underwriters’ fee is     % of the principal amount of the Contract Securities.]

Purchase Price:     % of principal amount, plus accrued interest[, if any,] from             ,         .

Expected Reoffering Price:     % of principal amount, subject to change by the [Representative[s] [Underwriters].

Applicable Time:

Closing [for Firm Securities]:          A.M. on             ,         , at         , in Federal (same day) funds.

Settlement and Trading: [Physical certificated form.] [Book-Entry Only via [DTC / Euroclear and Clearstream]

A-II-3

Blackout: Until      days after the Closing Date.

Lock-up (if any): [    ]

[Name[s] and Address[es] of the [Representative[s]] [Underwriter[s]]:]

The provisions of the Underwriting Agreement are incorporated herein by reference.
 
The Offered Securities will be made available for checking and packaging at the office of [●] at least 24 hours prior to the Closing Date.
A-II-4


If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, kindly sign and return to the Company one of the counterparts hereof, whereupon it will become a binding agreement between the Company[, the Guarantor] and the several Underwriters in accordance with its terms.
 
       
 
Very truly yours,
     
   
[SHELL PLC]
       
   
By
 
     
[Insert title]
     
   
[SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V.]
       
   
By
 
     
[Insert title]
       
   
By
 
     
[Insert title]
       
   
[SHELL FINANCE US Inc.]
       
   
By
 
     
[Insert title]
 
         
The foregoing Terms Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written.
 
     
 
[lEAD uNDERWRITER]
 
       
 
 
By
 
 
 
 
 
[Insert title]
 
     
 
 
[Acting on behalf of itself and as the Representative of the several Underwriters.]
 
 
A-II-5

SCHEDULE A
 
       
Underwriter
 
Principal Amount
of
[Offered]/[Firm]
Securities to be
Purchased
 
[Underwriters]
     
       
       

 
 
Total
 
$
   
         
 

A-II-6

SCHEDULE B

Schedule of Free Writing Prospectuses included in the Disclosure Package
 
A-II-7

Shell plc
(“Company”)

Ordinary Shares
Warrants

TERMS AGREEMENT

[●], 20[●]

To: [Lead Underwriter]

The [Representative[s] of the] Underwriters identified herein

Dear Sirs:

Shell plc, a public company limited by shares existing under the laws of England and Wales (“Company”) agrees to issue and sell to the several Underwriters named in Schedule A hereto for their respective accounts, on and subject to the terms and conditions of the Underwriting Agreement filed as an exhibit to the Company’s registration statement on Form F-3 (No. 333-[●]) (“Underwriting Agreement”), the following securities (“Offered Securities”) on the following terms:

Title:

Number of Shares/Warrants:                [(“Firm Securities”)].

[Over-allotment: In addition, upon written notice from the Lead Underwriter given to the Company from time to time not more than 30 days subsequent to the date hereof, the Underwriters may purchase up to                  additional shares/warrants (the “Optional Securities”) of the Offered Securities at the same purchase price per share set forth in this Terms Agreement for the Firm Securities. The Company agrees to issue sell to the Underwriters the number of shares/warrants of Optional Securities specified in such notice, and the Underwriters agree, severally and not jointly, to purchase such Optional Securities. Such Optional Securities shall be purchased for the account of each Underwriter in the same proportion as the number of shares of Firm Securities set forth opposite such Underwriter’s name on Schedule A hereto (subject to adjustment by the Lead Underwriter to eliminate fractions) and may be purchased by the Underwriters only for the purpose of covering over-allotments made in connection with the sale of the Firm Securities. No Optional Securities shall be issued, sold or delivered unless the Firm Securities previously have been, or simultaneously are, sold and delivered. The right to purchase the Optional Securities or any portion thereof may be exercised from time to time and to the extent not previously exercised may be surrendered and terminated at any time upon notice by the Lead Underwriter to the Company. References to “Offered Securities” in this Terms Agreement and the Underwriting Agreement shall mean the Firm Securities and the Optional Securities. References to the “Closing Date” in the Underwriting Agreement shall mean the Closing Date for the delivery of and payment for the Firm Securities and each time for the delivery of and payment for the Optional Securities. Each condition to the Underwriters’ obligations to purchase and pay for the Firm Securities set forth in Section 5 shall also be a condition to their obligations to purchase and pay for any Optional Securities (with references to “Offered Securities” in any legal opinion being changed as appropriate to refer to the Optional Securities being delivered on the date of delivery of such opinion).]

(1) Exercise Price and currency of payment:

(2) Principal amount or number of securities to be purchase upon exercise:

(2) Terms of securities to be purchased upon exercise:

(2) Dates upon which warrants can be exercised and rights expire:

A-II-8

(2) Terms of securities sold with warrants, number of warrants sold with such securities and whether warrants are separately transferable:

(2) Form: [Registered] [Bearer].

(2) Other terms:

Purchase Price [and Currency]: $          per share.

Expected Reoffering Price: $          per share, subject to change by the [Representative[s]] [Underwriters].

Applicable Time:

Closing [for Firm Securities]:          A.M. on             ,         , at                     , in Federal (same day) funds.

(2) Underwriter[s’][’s] Compensation: $          payable to the [Representative[s] for the proportionate accounts of the] Underwriter[s] on the Closing Date.

Blackout: Until          days after the Closing Date.

Lock-up (if any): [    ]

[Name[s] and Address[es] of the [Representative[s]] [Underwriter[s]]:]

The provisions of the Underwriting Agreement are incorporated herein by reference.
 
The Offered Securities will be made available for checking and packaging at the office of                      at least 24 hours prior to the Closing Date.

For purposes of Section 6 of the Underwriting Agreement, the only information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter for use in the Prospectus consists of [●]:








 

(1)
To be included only if Terms Agreement relates to warrants.

(2)
Include if purchase is at public offering price and compensation payable separately.

A-II-9

If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, kindly sign and return to the Company one of the counterparts hereof, whereupon it will become a binding agreement [between]/ [among] the Company and the several Underwriters in accordance with its terms.
 
       
 
Very truly yours,
     
   
[SHELL PLC]
       
   
By
 
     
[Attorney-in-Fact]
 
         
The foregoing Terms Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written.
 
     
 
[lEAD uNDERWRITER]
 
       


By
 
 
 
 
 
[Insert title]
 
     
 
 
[Acting on behalf of itself and as the Representative of the several Underwriters.]
 
 

A-II-10

SCHEDULE A
 
       
Underwriter
 
Principal Amount
of
[Offered]/[Firm]
Securities to be
Purchased
 
[Underwriters]
     
       
       

 
 
Total
 
$
   
         
 
A-II-11

SCHEDULE B

Schedule of Free Writing Prospectuses included in the Disclosure Package
 









A-II-12
Exhibit 4.5



SHELL FINANCE US INC.
as Issuer

and

SHELL PLC
as Guarantor

and

DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS
as Trustee





Indenture

Dated as of [●]





Senior Debt Securities








RECONCILIATION AND TIE BETWEEN TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939

AND INDENTURE, DATED AS OF [●]

         
       
Section in
Section of Trust Indenture Act of 1939
 
Indenture
Section 310
 
(a)(1)
 
7.10
   
(a)(2)
 
7.10
   
(a)(3)
 
Not Applicable
   
(a)(4)
 
Not Applicable
   
(a)(5)
 
7.10
   
(b)
 
7.08, 7.10
Section 311
 
(a)
 
7.11
   
(b)
 
7.11
   
(c)
 
Not Applicable
Section 312
 
(a)
 
2.07
   
(b)
 
11.03
   
(c)
 
11.03
Section 313
 
(a)
 
7.06
   
(b)
 
7.06
   
(c)
 
7.06
   
(d)
 
7.06
Section 314
 
(a)
 
4.03, 4.04
   
(b)
 
Not Applicable
   
(c)(1)
 
11.04
   
(c)(2)
 
11.04
   
(c)(3)
 
Not Applicable
   
(d)
 
Not Applicable
   
(e)
 
11.05
Section 315
 
(a)
 
7.01(b)
   
(b)
 
7.05
   
(c)
 
7.01(a)
   
(d)
 
7.01(c)
   
(d)(1)
 
7.01(c)(1)
   
(d)(2)
 
7.01(c)(2)
   
(d)(3)
 
7.01(c)(3)
   
(e)
 
6.11
Section 316
 
(a)(1)(A)
 
6.05
   
(a)(1)(B)
 
6.04
   
(a)(2)
 
Not Applicable
   
(a)(last sentence)
 
2.11
   
(b)
 
6.07
   
(c)
 
9.04
Section 317
 
(a)(1)
 
6.08
   
(a)(2)
 
6.09
   
(b)
 
2.06
Section 318
 
(a)
 
11.01


Note: This reconciliations and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of the Indenture.

i


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ARTICLE I
     
Definitions and Incorporation by Reference
     
SECTION 1.01.
Definitions
1
     
SECTION 1.02.
Other Definitions
4
     
SECTION 1.03.
Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act
4
     
SECTION 1.04.
Rules of Construction
5
     
ARTICLE II
     
The Securities
     
SECTION 2.01.
Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series
5
     
SECTION 2.02.
Denominations
7
     
SECTION 2.03.
Forms Generally
7
     
SECTION 2.04.
Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating
8
     
SECTION 2.05.
Registrar and Paying Agent
9
     
SECTION 2.06.
Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust
10
     
SECTION 2.07.
Holder Lists
10
     
SECTION 2.08.
Transfer and Exchange
10
     
SECTION 2.09.
Replacement Securities
11
     
SECTION 2.10.
Outstanding Securities
11
     
SECTION 2.11.
Original Issue Discount, Non-Dollar Denominated and Treasury Securities
11
     
SECTION 2.12.
Temporary Securities
11
     
SECTION 2.13.
Cancellation
12
     
SECTION 2.14.
Payments; Defaulted Interest
12
     
SECTION 2.15.
Persons Deemed Owners
12
     
SECTION 2.16.
Computation of Interest
12
     
SECTION 2.17.
Global Securities; Book-Entry Provisions
13
     
ARTICLE III
     
Redemption
     
SECTION 3.01.
Applicability of Article
14
     
SECTION 3.02.
Notice to the Trustee
14
     
SECTION 3.03.
Selection of Securities To Be Redeemed
14
     
SECTION 3.04.
Notice of Redemption
15
     
SECTION 3.05.
Effect of Notice of Redemption
15
     
SECTION 3.06.
Deposit of Redemption Price
15
     
SECTION 3.07.
Securities Redeemed or Purchased in Part
16
     
SECTION 3.08.
Purchase of Securities
16

ii


SECTION 3.09.
Mandatory and Optional Sinking Funds
16
     
SECTION 3.10.
Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities
16
     
SECTION 3.11.
Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund
17
     
SECTION 3.12.
Optional Redemption Due to Changes in Tax Treatment
17
     
ARTICLE IV
     
Covenants
     
SECTION 4.01.
Payment of Securities
18
     
SECTION 4.02.
Maintenance of Office or Agency
18
     
SECTION 4.03.
SEC Reports
19
     
SECTION 4.04.
Compliance Certificate
19
     
SECTION 4.05.
Corporate Existence
19
     
SECTION 4.06.
Additional Amounts
19
     
ARTICLE V
     
Successors
     
SECTION 5.01.
Limitations on Mergers and Consolidations
21
     
SECTION 5.02.
Successor Person Substituted
22
     
SECTION 5.03.
Substitution of Obligor
22
     
SECTION 5.04.
Successor Person Substituted
22
     
ARTICLE VI
     
Defaults and Remedies
     
SECTION 6.01.
Events of Default
23
     
SECTION 6.02.
Acceleration
24
     
SECTION 6.03.
Other Remedies
25
     
SECTION 6.04.
Waiver of Defaults
25
     
SECTION 6.05.
Control by Majority
25
     
SECTION 6.06.
Limitations on Suits
25
     
SECTION 6.07.
Rights of Holders to Receive Payment
26
     
SECTION 6.08.
Collection Suit by Trustee
26
     
SECTION 6.09.
Trustee May File Proofs of Claim
26
     
SECTION 6.10.
Priorities
26
     
SECTION 6.11.
Undertaking for Costs
27
     
ARTICLE VII
     
Trustee
     
SECTION 7.01.
Duties of Trustee
27
     
SECTION 7.02.
Rights of Trustee
28
     
SECTION 7.03.
May Hold Securities
29
     
SECTION 7.04.
Trustee’s Disclaimer
29

iii


SECTION 7.05.
Notice of Defaults
29
     
SECTION 7.06.
Reports by Trustee to Holders
29
     
SECTION 7.07.
Compensation and Indemnity
30
     
SECTION 7.08.
Replacement of Trustee
30
     
SECTION 7.09.
Successor Trustee by Merger, etc
31
     
SECTION 7.10.
Eligibility; Disqualification
32
     
SECTION 7.11.
Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company or a Guarantor
32
     
ARTICLE VIII
     
Discharge of Indenture
     
SECTION 8.01.
Termination of the Company’s and the Guarantor’s Obligations
32
     
SECTION 8.02.
Application of Trust Money
35
     
SECTION 8.03.
Repayment to Company or Guarantor
35
     
SECTION 8.04.
Reinstatement
35
     
ARTICLE IX
     
Supplemental Indentures and Amendments
     
SECTION 9.01.
Without Consent of Holders
35
     
SECTION 9.02.
With Consent of Holders
36
     
SECTION 9.03.
Compliance with Trust Indenture Act
38
     
SECTION 9.04.
Revocation and Effect of Consents
38
     
SECTION 9.05.
Notation on or Exchange of Securities
38
     
SECTION 9.06.
Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc
38
     
ARTICLE X
     
Guarantee
     
SECTION 10.01.
Guarantee
39
     
SECTION 10.02.
Proceedings Against Guarantor
39
     
SECTION 10.03.
Subrogation
40
     
SECTION 10.04.
Guarantee for Benefit of Holders
40
     
ARTICLE XI
     
Miscellaneous
     
SECTION 11.01.
Trust Indenture Act Controls
40
     
SECTION 11.02.
Notices
40
     
SECTION 11.03.
Communication by Holders with Other Holders
42
     
SECTION 11.04.
Certificate and Opinions
42
     
SECTION 11.05.
Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion
43
     
SECTION 11.06.
Rules by Trustee and Agents
43
     
SECTION 11.07.
No Recourse Against Others
43
     
SECTION 11.08.
Governing Law
43

iv


SECTION 11.09.
No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements
43
     
SECTION 11.10.
Waiver of Jury Trial
44
     
SECTION 11.11.
Successors
44
     
SECTION 11.12.
Severability
44
     
SECTION 11.13.
Counterpart Originals; E-Signatures
44
     
SECTION 11.14.
Table of Contents, Headings, etc
45
     
SECTION 11.15.
USA Patriot Act
45




v


INDENTURE, dated as of [●], among Shell Finance US Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), Shell plc, a public company limited by shares existing under the laws of England and Wales (the “Guarantor”) and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, a New York banking corporation, as trustee (the “Trustee”).

Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other parties and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Company’s unsecured debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (the “Securities”) to be issued from time to time in one or more series as provided in this Indenture:

ARTICLE I

Definitions and Incorporation by Reference

SECTION 1.01.          Definitions.

Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by, or under direct or indirect common control with, such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, “control” of a Person shall mean the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” shall have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

Agent” means any Registrar or Paying Agent.

Bankruptcy Law” means any bankruptcy or insolvency law or other similar law affecting creditors’ rights or law governing a proceeding seeking a judgment of insolvency or bankruptcy or any other relief from debt obligations.

Board of Directors” with respect to a Person means the board of directors (or similar body, including any sole or managing member, as applicable) of such Person or any committee thereof duly authorized, with respect to any particular matter, to act by or on behalf of such board of directors (or similar body, including any sole or managing member, as applicable).

Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution or appropriate record of action taken pursuant to such resolution, certified by a member of the Board of Directors, the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Company or Guarantor to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company or such Guarantor, as the case may be, and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

Business Day” means any day that is not a Legal Holiday.

Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

Company” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Person shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor Person; provided, however, that for purposes of any provision contained herein which is required by the TIA, “Company” shall also mean each other obligor (if any), other than a Guarantor, on the Securities of a series.

Company Order” and “Company Request” mean, respectively, a written order or request signed in the name of the Company or Guarantor by an Officer of the Company or Guarantor, as the case may be, and delivered to the Trustee.

Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee” means the office of the Trustee currently located at (i) for purposes of surrender, transfer or exchange of any Security, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, c/o DB Services Americas, Inc., 5022 Gate Parkway, Suite 200, Jacksonville, FL 32256, Attn: Transfer Department and (ii) for all other purposes, at the address of the Trustee specified in Section 11.02 or such other address as to which the Trustee may give written notice to the Company.




Debt” means all notes, bonds, debentures or other similar evidences of debt for money borrowed.

Default” means any event, act or condition that is, or after notice or the passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

Depositary” means, with respect to the Securities of any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in global form, the Person specified pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof as the initial Depositary with respect to the Securities of such series, until a successor shall have been appointed and become such pursuant to the applicable provision of this Indenture, and thereafter “Depositary” shall mean or include such successor.

Dollar” or “$” means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or currency of the United States as at the time shall be legal tender for the payment of public and private debt.

Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and any successor statute.

Established Rate” means the rate for the conversion of the specified currency into euro established by the Council of the European Union pursuant to Article 1091(4) of the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended (the “Treaty”).

Global Security” means a Security that is issued in global form in the name of the Depositary with respect thereto or its nominee.

Government Obligations” means, with respect to a series of Securities, direct obligations of the government that issues the currency in which the Securities of the series are payable for the payment of which the full faith and credit of such government is pledged, or obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of such government, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by such government.

Guarantee” shall mean the guarantee of the Company’s obligations under the Securities by the Guarantor as provided in Article X.

Guarantor” means the Person named as a “Guarantor” in the first paragraph of this instrument, until a successor to such Person shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Guarantor” shall mean such successor Person.

Holder” means a Person in whose name a Security is registered.

Indenture” means this Indenture as amended or supplemented from time to time pursuant to the provisions hereof, and includes the terms of a particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 2.01.

Interest” means, with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security that by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, interest payable after Maturity.

Interest Payment Date,” when used with respect to any Security, shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Security as contemplated by Section 2.01.

Issue Date” means, with respect to Securities of a series, the date on which the Securities of such series are originally issued under this Indenture.

Legal Holiday” means a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in any of New York, New York, United States; London, United Kingdom or a Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to remain closed.

Maturity” means, with respect to any Security, the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity thereof, or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

2



Non-Dollar Currency” means any currency other than Dollars.

Officer” means any director or their authorized attorneys appointed pursuant to one or more duly executed powers of attorney, the Chief Financial Officer, Vice President of Finance, Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Company or the Guarantor, as applicable, or Group Treasurer or Head of Financial Markets of the Shell Group.

Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by two Officers of a Person and, in the case of an Officers’ Certificate of the Company pursuant to Section 2.01 or 2.04, by an Officer of the Guarantor.

Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from legal counsel which opinion is acceptable to the Trustee. Such counsel may be an in-house counsel or external counsel to the Company or the Guarantor.

Original Issue Discount Security” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02.

Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or other agency, instrumentality or political subdivision thereof or other entity of any kind.

Place of Payment” means, with respect to the Securities of any series, the place or places where the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of that series are payable as specified in accordance with Section 4.06 subject to the provisions of Section 4.02.

Redemption Date” means, with respect to any Security to be redeemed, the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.

Redemption Price” means, with respect to any Security to be redeemed, the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.

Responsible Officer” means any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, including any vice president, assistant vice president, assistant secretary, assistant treasurer, trust officer or any other officer of the Trustee who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of such person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.

SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Securities” has the meaning stated in the preamble of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

Security Custodian” means, with respect to Securities of a series issued in global form, the Trustee for Securities of such series, as custodian with respect to the Securities of such series, or any successor entity thereto.

Shell Group” means Shell plc and those companies in which it either directly or indirectly has control, by having either a majority of the voting rights or the right to exercise a controlling influence or to obtain the majority of the benefits and be exposed to a majority of the risks.

Stated Maturity” means, when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

Subsidiary” means a Person at least a majority of the outstanding voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company and/or Guarantor or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and/or Guarantor and one or more other Subsidiaries. For the purposes of this definition, “voting

3



stock” means stock having voting power for the election of directors or the comparable governing body of entities not governed by a board of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power by reason of any contingency.

TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as in effect on the date hereof.

Trustee” means the Person named as such above until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” means each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series means the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

United States” means the United States of America (including the States and the District of Columbia) and its territories and possessions, which include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake Island and the Northern Mariana Islands.

U.S. Government Obligations” means Government Obligations with respect to Securities payable in Dollars.

SECTION 1.02.          Other Definitions.

Term
 
Defined in
Section
“Additional Amounts”
 
4.06
“Agent Members”
 
2.17
“Bankruptcy custodian”
 
6.01
“Conversion Event”
 
6.01
“covenant defeasance”
 
8.01
“Event of Default”
 
6.01
“Exchange Rate”
 
2.11
“Executed Documentation”
 
11.13
“Judgment Currency”
 
6.10
“legal defeasance”
 
8.01
“mandatory sinking fund payment”
 
3.09
“optional sinking fund payment”
 
3.09
“Paying Agent”
 
2.05
“Registrar”
 
2.05
“Required currency”
 
6.10
“Substituted Obligor”
 
5.03
“Successor”
 
5.01
“Voluntary Assumption”
 
5.01

SECTION 1.03.          Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture (and if the Indenture is not qualified under the TIA at that time, as if it were so qualified unless otherwise provided). The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

“Commission” means the SEC.

“indenture securities” means the Securities.

“indenture security holder” means a Holder.

“indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture.

“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee.

4



“obligor” on the indenture securities means the Company, the Guarantor or any other obligor on the Securities.

All terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by a TIA reference to another statute or defined by an SEC rule under the TIA have the meanings so assigned to them.

SECTION 1.04.          Rules of Construction.

Unless the context otherwise requires:

(1)
a term has the meaning assigned to it;
   
(2)
an accounting term used has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with the comprehensive body of accounting principles to which the Company or Guarantor is subject and which initially shall be International Financial Reporting Standards;
   
(3)
“or” is not exclusive;
   
(4)
words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;
   
(5)
provisions apply to successive events and transactions; and
   
(6)
all references in this instrument to Articles and Sections are references to the corresponding Articles and Sections in and of this instrument.

ARTICLE II

The Securities

SECTION 2.01.          Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.

The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

The Securities may be issued in one or more series. There shall be (i) established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company, and set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in an Officers’ Certificate of the Company or in a Company Order, or (ii) established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series:

(1)
the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from the Securities of all other series);
   
(2)
if there is to be a limit, the limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Section 2.08, 2.09, 2.12, 2.17, 3.07 or 9.05 and except for any Securities which, pursuant to Section 2.04 or 2.17, are deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder); provided, however, that unless otherwise provided in the terms of the series, the authorized aggregate principal amount of such series may be increased before or after the issuance of any Securities of the series by a Board Resolution (or action pursuant to a Board Resolution) to such effect;
   
(3)
whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable initially in temporary global form and whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable in permanent global form, as Global Securities or otherwise, and, if so, whether beneficial owners of interests in any such Global Security may exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under which any such exchanges may occur, if other than in the manner provided in Section 2.17, and the initial Depositary and Security Custodian, if any, for any Global Security or Securities of such series;


5



(4)
the manner in which any interest payable on a temporary Global Security on any Interest Payment Date will be paid if other than in the manner provided in Section 2.14, including any right of the Company to extend or defer the interest payment periods and the duration of the extension;
   
(5)
whether and under what circumstances Additional Amounts will be payable;
   
(6)
any provisions that would require the redemption, repurchase or repayment of the series of Securities;
   
(7)
the date or dates on which the principal of and premium (if any) on the Securities of the series is payable or the method of determination thereof;
   
(8)
the rate or rates, or the method of determination thereof, at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest (which may be fixed or variable), if any, whether and under what circumstances Additional Amounts with respect to such Securities shall be payable, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest shall be payable and the record date for the interest payable on any Securities on any Interest Payment Date, or if other than provided herein, the Person to whom any interest on the Securities of the series shall be payable;
   
(9)
the place or places where, subject to the provisions of Section 4.02, the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series shall be payable;
   
(10)
the period or periods within which, the price or prices (whether denominated in cash, securities or otherwise) at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, if the Company is to have that option, and the manner in which the Company must exercise any such option, if different from those set forth herein;
   
(11)
the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, purchase or repay Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices (whether denominated in cash, securities or otherwise) at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed, purchased or repaid in whole or in part pursuant to such obligation;
   
(12)
if other than denominations of $2,000 (or in the case of Securities denominated in a Non-Dollar Currency, the equivalent thereof) and any integral multiple thereof, the denomination in which any Securities of that series shall be issuable;
   
(13)
if other than Dollars, the currency or currencies (including composite currencies) or the form, including currency units, equity securities, other debt securities (including Securities), warrants or any other securities or property of the Company, the Guarantor or any other Person, in which payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series shall be payable;
   
(14)
if the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series are to be payable, at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof, in a currency or currencies (including composite currencies) other than that in which the Securities are stated to be payable, the currency or currencies (including composite currencies) in which payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series as to which such election is made shall be payable, and the periods within which and the terms and conditions upon which such election is to be made;


6



(15)
if the amount of payments of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series may be determined with reference to any commodities, currencies or indices, values, rates or prices or any other index or formula, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;
   
(16)
if other than the entire principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02;
   
(17)
any additional means of satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and any additional conditions or limitations to discharge with respect to Securities of the series and the related Guarantee pursuant to Article VIII or any modifications of or deletions from such conditions or limitations;
   
(18)
any deletions or modifications of or additions to the Events of Default set forth in Section 6.01 or covenants of the Company or the Guarantor set forth in Article IV pertaining to the Securities of the series;
   
(19)
any restrictions or other provisions with respect to the transfer or exchange of Securities of the series, which may amend, supplement, modify or supersede those contained in this Article II; and
   
(20)
any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be prohibited by the provisions of this Indenture).

All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to the Board Resolution referred to above and (subject to Section 2.03) set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in the Officers’ Certificate or Company Order referred to above or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.

If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of such Board Resolution shall be set forth in an Officers’ Certificate or certified by a member of the Board of Directors, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers’ Certificate or Company Order setting forth the terms of the series, as required by Section 2.04(a).

SECTION 2.02.          Denominations.

The Securities of each series shall be issuable in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section 2.01. In the absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of such series denominated in Dollars shall be issuable in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof and the Securities of such series denominated in a Non-Dollar Currency shall be issuable in denominations equivalent to $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof in that Non-Dollar Currency.

SECTION 2.03.          Forms Generally.

The Securities of each series shall be in fully registered form and in substantially such form or forms (including temporary or permanent global form) established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto. The Securities may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, securities exchange rule, the Company’s certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other similar governing documents, agreements to which the Company is subject, if any, or usage (provided that any such notation, legend or endorsement is in a form acceptable to the Company). A copy of the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture establishing the form or forms of Securities of any series shall be delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 2.04 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.

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The definitive Securities of each series shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution thereof.

The Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following form:

“This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

 
DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY
AMERICAS, as Trustee,
 
       

By:
 
 
    Authorized Signatory”  


SECTION 2.04.          Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating.

Two Officers of the Company shall sign the Securities on behalf of the Company.

If an Officer of the Company whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office or position at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall be valid nevertheless.

A Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture including the related Guarantee or be valid or obligatory for any purpose until authenticated by the signature of an authorized signatory of the Trustee, which signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security has been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company delivers such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 2.13, together with a written statement (which need not comply with Section 11.05) stating that such Security has never been issued and sold by the Company, for all purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture including the related Guarantee.

At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver such Securities for original issue upon a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities or pursuant to such procedures acceptable to the Trustee as may be specified from time to time by Company Order. Such order shall specify the amount of the Securities to be authenticated, the date on which the original issue of Securities is to be authenticated, the name or names of the initial Holder or Holders and any other terms of the Securities of such series not otherwise determined. If provided for in such procedures, such Company Order may authorize (1) authentication and delivery of Securities of such series for original issue from time to time, with certain terms (including, without limitation, the Maturity dates or date, original issue date or dates and interest rate or rates) that differ from Security to Security and (2) may authorize authentication and delivery pursuant to electronic instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agent, which instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing.

If the form or terms of the Securities of the series have been established in or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions as permitted by Section 2.01, in authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive (in addition to the Company Order referred to above and the other documents required by Section 11.04), and (subject to Section 7.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon:

(a)          an Officers’ Certificate which shall annex a copy of the Board Resolution as contemplated by the last paragraph of Section 2.01; and

(b)          an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that:

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(i)
the form of such Securities has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;
   
(ii)
the terms of such Securities have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; and
   
(iii)
when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, such Securities and the related Guarantees will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company and the Guarantor, respectively, enforceable against the Company and the Guarantor, respectively, in accordance with their respective terms, except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws in effect from time to time affecting the rights of creditors generally, and the application of general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).


If all the Securities of any series are not to be issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver an Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel at the time of issuance of each such Security, but such Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered at or before the time of issuance of the first Security of the series to be issued. In addition, newly issued Securities of any series that have the same CUSIP, ISIN or other identifying number as the outstanding Securities must be fungible for U.S. federal tax purposes with all outstanding Securities in the same series.

The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issuance of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture would affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. Unless limited by the terms of such appointment, an authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of the Company or the Guarantor.

Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

SECTION 2.05.          Registrar and Paying Agent.

The Company shall maintain an office or agency for each series of Securities where Securities of such series may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange (“Registrar”) and an office or agency where Securities of such series may be presented for payment (“Paying Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register of the Securities of such series and of their transfer and exchange. The Company may appoint one or more co-registrars and one or more additional paying agents. The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar and the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent.

The Company shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Registrar or Paying Agent not a party to this Indenture. The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such Agent. The Company shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any Agent not a party to this Indenture. The Company may change any Paying Agent or Registrar without notice to any Holder. If the Company fails to appoint or maintain another entity as Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such. The Company, the Guarantor or any Subsidiary may act as Paying Agent or Registrar.

The Company initially appoints the Trustee as Registrar and Paying Agent and in acting as Registrar and Paying Agent, the Trustee will have all such rights and privileges as are set forth in Article VII of this Indenture.

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SECTION 2.06.          Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.

The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust for the benefit of Holders or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities and will notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed. Upon payment over to the Trustee and upon accounting for any funds disbursed, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company, the Guarantor or a Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Company, the Guarantor or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Holders all money held by it as Paying Agent. Each Paying Agent shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 317(b).

SECTION 2.07.          Holder Lists.

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Holders and shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 312(a). The Company shall comply with TIA Section 312(a) and shall furnish to the Trustee a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Holders of such series:

(a)          at least five Business Days before each Interest Payment Date with respect to such series of Securities outstanding on the record date relating to such Interest Payment Date if the Trustee is not the Registrar with respect to such series of Securities,

(b)          at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, and

(c)          semi-annually, not more than 15 days after each regular record date for any series of Securities at the time outstanding on such record date.

SECTION 2.08.          Transfer and Exchange.

Except as set forth in Section 2.17 or as may be provided pursuant to Section 2.01:

(a)          When Securities of any series are presented to the Registrar or any transfer agent with the request to register the transfer of such Securities or to exchange such Securities for an equal principal amount of Securities of the same series of like tenor and of other authorized denominations, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange as requested if its requirements and the requirements of this Indenture for such transactions are met; provided, however, that the Securities presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instruction of transfer in form reasonably satisfactory to the Registrar duly executed by the Holder thereof or by his attorney, duly authorized in writing, on which instruction the Registrar can rely.

(b)          To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s written request and submission of the Securities or Global Securities. No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any registration of transfer or exchange (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein), but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than such transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges pursuant to Section 2.12, 3.07 or 9.05). The Trustee shall authenticate Securities in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.04. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to register the transfer or exchange of (a) any Security selected for redemption in whole or in part pursuant to Article III, except the unredeemed portion of any Security being redeemed in part, or (b) any Security during the period beginning 15 Business Days before notice of any offer to repurchase Securities of the series required pursuant to the terms thereof or of redemption of Securities of a series to be redeemed is given and ending at the close of business on the day such notice is given.

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SECTION 2.09.          Replacement Securities.

If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, or if the Holder of a Security claims that the Security has been destroyed, lost or stolen and the Company and the Trustee receive evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a replacement Security of the same series if the Trustee’s requirements are met. If any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security. If required by the Trustee, the Guarantor or the Company, such Holder must furnish an indemnity bond that is sufficient in the judgment of the Trustee and the Company to protect the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any Agent or any authenticating agent from any loss that any of them may suffer if a Security is replaced. The Company and the Trustee may charge a Holder for their expenses in replacing a Security.

Every replacement Security is an additional obligation of the Company.

SECTION 2.10.          Outstanding Securities.

The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest in a Global Security effected by the Trustee hereunder and those described in this Section 2.10 as not outstanding.

If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.09, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a protected purchaser.

If the principal amount of any Security is considered paid under Section 4.01, it ceases to be outstanding and interest on it ceases to accrue.

A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of the Company or the Guarantor holds the Security.

SECTION 2.11.          Original Issue Discount, Non-Dollar Denominated and Treasury Securities.

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities have concurred in any direction, amendment, supplement, waiver or consent, (a) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security shall be the principal amount thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02, (b) the principal amount of a Security denominated in a Non-Dollar currency shall be the Dollar equivalent, as determined by the Company by reference to the noon buying rate in New York for cable transfers for such currency, as such rate is certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (the “Exchange Rate”) on the date of original issuance of such Security, of the principal amount (or, in the case of an Original Issue Discount Security, the Dollar equivalent, as determined by the Company by reference to the Exchange Rate on the date of the original issuance of such Security, of the amount determined as provided in (a) above), of such Security and (c) Securities owned by the Company, the Guarantor or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company, of the Guarantor or of such other obligor shall be disregarded, except that, for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such direction, amendment, supplement, waiver or consent, only Securities that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded.

SECTION 2.12.          Temporary Securities.

Until definitive Securities of any series are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities, but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate definitive Securities in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities.

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SECTION 2.13.          Cancellation.

The Company or the Guarantor at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange, payment or redemption or for credit against any sinking fund payment. The Trustee shall cancel all Securities surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, payment, redemption, replacement or cancellation or for credit against any sinking fund. Unless the Company shall direct in writing that canceled Securities be returned to it, after written notice to the Company all canceled Securities held by the Trustee shall be disposed of in accordance with the usual disposal procedures of the Trustee, and the Trustee shall maintain a record of their disposal. The Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that have been paid or that have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

SECTION 2.14.          Payments; Defaulted Interest.

Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 2.01, interest (except defaulted interest) on any Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Persons who are registered Holders of that Security at the close of business on the record date next preceding such Interest Payment Date, even if such Securities are canceled after such record date and on or before such Interest Payment Date. The Holder must surrender a Security to the Trustee or a Paying Agent to collect principal payments. Unless otherwise provided with respect to the Securities of any series, the Company will pay the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities in Dollars. Such amounts shall be payable at the offices of the Trustee or any Paying Agent; provided that at the option of the Company, the Company may pay such amounts (1) by wire transfer with respect to Global Securities or (2) by check payable in such money mailed to a Holder’s registered address with respect to any Securities.

If a Payment Date is a Legal Holiday at a Place of Payment, payment may be made at that place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, no default in payment will have occurred, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Securities of any series, the Company shall pay the defaulted interest in any lawful manner plus, to the extent lawful, interest on the defaulted interest, in each case at the rate provided in the Securities of such series and in Section 4.01. The Company may pay the defaulted interest to the Persons who are Holders on a subsequent special record date. At least 15 days before any special record date selected by the Company, the Company (or the Trustee, in the name of and at the expense of the Company upon 20 days’ prior written notice from the Company setting forth such special record date and the interest amount to be paid) shall cause notice of the special record date, the related payment date and the amount of such interest to be paid to be given to Holders.

SECTION 2.15.          Persons Deemed Owners.

The Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any Agent and any authenticating agent may treat the Person in whose name any Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payments of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to such Security and for all other purposes. None of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any Agent or any authenticating agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

SECTION 2.16.          Computation of Interest.

Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a year comprising twelve 30-day months.

SECTION 2.17.          Global Securities; Book-Entry Provisions.

If Securities of a series are issuable in global form as a Global Security, as contemplated by Section 2.01, then, notwithstanding clause (9) of Section 2.01 and the provisions of Section 2.02, any such Global Security shall represent such of the outstanding Securities of such series as shall be specified therein and

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may provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount of outstanding Securities from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate amount of outstanding Securities represented thereby may from time to time be reduced or increased, as appropriate, to reflect exchanges, transfers or redemptions. Any endorsement of a Global Security to reflect the amount, or any increase or decrease in the amount, of outstanding Securities represented thereby shall be made by the Trustee (i) in such manner and upon instructions given by such Person or Persons as shall be specified in such Security or in a Company Order to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.04 or (ii) otherwise in accordance with written instructions or such other written form of instructions as is customary for the Depositary for such Security, from such Depositary or its nominee on behalf of any Person having a beneficial interest in such Global Security. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.04 and, if applicable, Section 2.12, the Trustee shall deliver and redeliver any Security in permanent global form in the manner and upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified in such Security or in the applicable Company Order. With respect to the Securities of any series that are represented by a Global Security, the Company and the Guarantor authorize the execution and delivery by the Trustee of a letter of representations or other similar agreement or instrument in the form customarily provided for by the Depositary appointed with respect to such Global Security. Any Global Security may be deposited with the Depositary or its nominee, or may remain in the custody of the Trustee or the Security Custodian therefor pursuant to a FAST Balance Certificate Agreement or similar agreement between the Trustee and the Depositary. If a Company Order has been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company with respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Security in global form shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 11.05 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel.

Members of, or participants in, the Depositary (“Agent Members”) shall have no rights under this Indenture with respect to any Global Security held on their behalf by the Depositary, or the Trustee or the Security Custodian as its custodian, or under such Global Security, and the Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or the Security Custodian and any agent of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or the Security Custodian as the absolute owner of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the registered holder of a Global Security of a series may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any Person, including Agent Members and Persons that may hold interests through Agent Members, to take any action that a Holder of Securities of such series is entitled to take under this Indenture or the Securities of such series and (ii) nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or the Security Custodian, or any agent of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or the Security Custodian, from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary or shall impair, as between the Depositary and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of a beneficial owner of any Security.

Notwithstanding Section 2.08, and except as otherwise provided pursuant to Section 2.01, transfers of a Global Security shall be limited to transfers of such Global Security in whole, but not in part, to the Depositary, its successors or their respective nominees. Interests of beneficial owners in a Global Security may be transferred in accordance with the rules and procedures of the Depositary. Securities shall be transferred to all beneficial owners in exchange for their beneficial interests in a Global Security if, and only if, either (1) the Depositary notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for the Global Security and a successor Depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days of such notice, (2) an Event of Default has occurred with respect to such series and is continuing and the Registrar has received a request from the Depositary to issue Securities in lieu of all or a portion of the Global Security (in which case the Company shall deliver Securities within 30 days of such request) or (3) the Company determines not to have the Securities represented by a Global Security, provided, however, that the uncertificated Securities are issued in a registered form for purposes of Section 163(f) of the Code or in a manner such that such uncertificated Securities are described in Section 163(f)(2)(B) of the Code.

In connection with any transfer of a portion of the beneficial interests in a Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to this Section 2.17, the Registrar shall reflect on its books and records the date and a decrease in the principal amount of the Global Security in an amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interests in the Global Security to be transferred, and the Company and the Guarantor shall execute, and the Trustee upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of Securities shall authenticate and deliver, one or more Securities of the same series of like tenor and amount.

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In connection with the transfer of all the beneficial interests in a Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to this Section 2.17, the Global Security shall be deemed to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation, and the Company and the Guarantor shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, to each beneficial owner identified by the Depositary in exchange for its beneficial interests in the Global Security, an equal aggregate principal amount of Securities of authorized denominations.

Neither the Company, the Guarantor nor the Trustee will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of, Securities by the Depositary, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records of the Depositary relating to such Securities. Neither the Company, the Guarantor nor the Trustee shall be liable for any delay by the related Global Security Holder or the Depositary in identifying the beneficial owners, and each such Person may conclusively rely on, and shall be protected in relying on, instructions from such Global Security Holder or the Depositary for all purposes (including with respect to the registration and delivery, and the respective principal amounts, of the Securities to be issued).

The provisions of the last sentence of the third paragraph of Section 2.04 shall apply to any Global Security if such Global Security was never issued and sold by the Company and the Company or the Guarantor delivers to the Trustee the Global Security together with written instructions (which need not comply with Section 11.05 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) with regard to the cancellation or reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented thereby, together with the written statement contemplated by the last sentence of the third paragraph of Section 2.04.

Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 2.03 and 2.14, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01, payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to any Global Security shall be made to the Person or Persons specified therein.


ARTICLE III

Redemption

SECTION 3.01.          Applicability of Article.

Securities of any series that are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article III. Any redemption may, at the Company’s discretion, be subject to the satisfaction of one or more conditions precedent.

SECTION 3.02.          Notice to the Trustee.

If the Company elects to redeem Securities of any series pursuant to this Indenture, it shall notify the Trustee of the Redemption Date and the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed. The Company shall so notify the Trustee at least 20 days before the Redemption Date (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) by delivering to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that such redemption will comply with the provisions of this Indenture and of the Securities of such series. Any such notice may be canceled at any time prior to notice of such redemption being given to any Holder and shall thereupon be void and of no effect. The notice shall reflect the conditions to the redemption and shall be specified by the Company.


SECTION 3.03.          Selection of Securities To Be Redeemed.

If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed (unless all of the Securities of such series of a specified tenor are to be redeemed), the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee from the outstanding Securities of such series (and tenor) not previously called for redemption, in the case of Global Securities, in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Depositary, and, in the case of Securities that are not Global Securities, either pro rata, by lot or by such other method as the Company shall deem fair and appropriate. The Trustee shall promptly notify the

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Company and the Registrar in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.

For purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to redemption of Securities shall relate, in the case of any of the Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount thereof which has been or is to be redeemed.

SECTION 3.04.          Notice of Redemption.

Notice of redemption shall be given in the manner provided for in Section 11.02 not less than 15 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed.

All notices of redemption shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state:

(1)
the Redemption Date;
   
(2)
the Redemption Price (or the methodology for determining the Redemption Price);
   
(3)
any conditions to the redemption as specified by the Company;
   
(4)
that, unless the Company and the Guarantor default in making the redemption payment, interest on Securities called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the Redemption Date, and the only remaining right of the Holders of such Securities is to receive payment of the Redemption Price upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Securities redeemed;
   
(5)
if any Security is to be redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and that on and after the Redemption Date, upon surrender for cancellation of such Security to the Paying Agent, a new Security or Securities in the aggregate principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued without charge to the Holder;
   
(6)
that Securities called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the Redemption Price and the name and address of the Paying Agent;
   
(7)
that the redemption is for a sinking or analogous fund, if such is the case; and
   
(8)
the CUSIP number, if any, relating to such Securities.

Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company’s written request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

SECTION 3.05.          Effect of Notice of Redemption.

Once notice of redemption is given to Holders, Securities called for redemption shall, subject to the satisfaction of any applicable conditions, become due and payable on the Redemption Date and at the Redemption Price. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities called for redemption shall be paid at the Redemption Price, but interest installments whose maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable on the relevant Interest Payment Dates to the Holders of record at the close of business on the relevant record dates specified pursuant to Section 2.01.

SECTION 3.06.          Deposit of Redemption Price.

On or prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on any Redemption Date subject to the satisfaction of any applicable conditions, the Company or the Guarantor shall deposit with the Trustee or the Paying Agent (or, if the Company or the Guarantor is acting as the Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 2.06) an amount of money in same day funds sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities or portions thereof which are to be redeemed on that date, other than Securities or

15



portions thereof called for redemption on that date which have been delivered by the Company or the Guarantor to the Trustee for cancellation.

If the Company or the Guarantor complies with the preceding paragraph, then, unless the Company and the Guarantor default in the payment of such Redemption Price, interest on the Securities to be redeemed will cease to accrue on and after the applicable Redemption Date, whether or not such Securities are presented for payment, and the Holders of such Securities shall have no further rights with respect to such Securities except for the right to receive the Redemption Price upon surrender of such Securities. If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal, premium (if any), any Additional Amounts and, to the extent lawful, accrued interest thereon shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate specified pursuant to Section 2.01 or provided in the Securities or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities, such Securities’ yield to maturity.

SECTION 3.07.          Securities Redeemed or Purchased in Part.

Upon surrender to the Paying Agent of a Security to be redeemed in part, the Company and the Guarantor shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without service charge a new Security or Securities, of the same series and of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder in aggregate principal amount equal to, and in exchange for, the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Security so surrendered that is not redeemed.

SECTION 3.08.          Purchase of Securities.

Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01, the Company, the Guarantor and any Affiliate of the Company or the Guarantor may, subject to applicable law, at any time purchase or otherwise acquire Securities in the open market or by private agreement. Any such acquisition shall not operate as or be deemed for any purpose to be a redemption of the indebtedness represented by such Securities. Any Securities purchased or acquired by the Company or the Guarantor may be delivered to the Trustee and, upon such delivery, the indebtedness represented thereby shall be deemed to be satisfied. Section 2.13 shall apply to all Securities so delivered.

SECTION 3.09.          Mandatory and Optional Sinking Funds.

The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment,” and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment.” Unless otherwise provided by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 3.10. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series and by this Article III.

SECTION 3.10.          Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.

The Company or the Guarantor may deliver outstanding Securities of a series (other than any previously called for redemption) and may apply as a credit Securities of a series that have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such series of Securities; provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.

SECTION 3.11.          Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.

Not less than 45 days prior (unless a shorter period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate


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of the Company specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivery of or by crediting Securities of that series pursuant to Section 3.10 and will also deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Failure of the Company to timely deliver or cause to be delivered such Officers’ Certificate and Securities specified in this paragraph, if any, shall not constitute a default but shall constitute the election of the Company (i) that the mandatory sinking fund payment for such series due on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date shall be paid entirely in cash without the option to deliver or credit Securities of such series in respect thereof and (ii) that the Company will make no optional sinking fund payment with respect to such series as provided in this Section.

If the sinking fund payment or payments (mandatory or optional or both) to be made in cash on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date plus any unused balance of any preceding sinking fund payments made in cash shall exceed $100,000 (or the Dollar equivalent thereof based on the applicable Exchange Rate on the date of original issue of the applicable Securities) or a lesser sum if the Company shall so request with respect to the Securities of any particular series, such cash shall be applied on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date to the redemption of Securities of such series at the sinking fund redemption price together with accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption. If such amount shall be $100,000 (or the Dollar equivalent thereof as aforesaid) or less and the Company makes no such request then it shall be carried over until a sum in excess of $100,000 (or the Dollar equivalent thereof as aforesaid) is available. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date, the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.03 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.04. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 3.05, 3.06 and 3.07.

SECTION 3.12.          Optional Redemption Due to Changes in Tax Treatment.

(a)          Each series of Securities contained in one or more particular issues may be redeemed at the option of the Company or the Guarantor, in whole but not in part, upon not less than 15 days nor more than 60 days notice to each Holder and the Trustee at a Redemption Price equal to the principal amount thereof (except in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities which may be redeemed at the Redemption Price specified by the terms of such series of Securities) if as a result of any change in or amendment to the laws or any regulations or rulings promulgated thereunder of any jurisdiction (or of any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) or any change in the official application or official interpretation of such laws, regulations or rulings, or any change in the official application or official interpretation of, or any execution of or amendment to, any treaty or treaties affecting taxation to which such jurisdiction or such political subdivision or taxing authority (or such other jurisdiction or political subdivision or taxing authority) is a party, which change, execution or amendment becomes effective on or after the date specified for such series pursuant to the terms of the Security or Section 2.01(10) (or in the case of a successor Person to the Company or the Guarantor, the date on which such successor Person became such pursuant to Sections 5.01 and 5.02 or in the case of an assumption by the Guarantor or its Subsidiary of obligations of the Company under the Securities pursuant to Section 5.03, the date of such assumption) (1) the Guarantor (or such successor Person) is or would be required to pay Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities or the Guarantees on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date as described in Section 4.06 or (2) the Guarantor or any Subsidiary of the Guarantor is or would be required to deduct or withhold tax on any payment to the Company to enable the Company to make any payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest and, in each case, the payment of such Additional Amounts in the case of (1) above or such deductions or withholding in the case of (2) above cannot be avoided by the use of any reasonable measures available to the Company, the Guarantor or the Subsidiary as the case may be. Prior to the giving of notice of redemption of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture, the Company or the Guarantor will deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate, stating that the Company or the Guarantor is entitled to effect such redemption and setting forth in reasonable detail a statement of circumstances showing that the conditions precedent to the right of the Company or the Guarantor to redeem such Securities pursuant to this Section have been satisfied, and an Opinion of Counsel.

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(b)          Further, if, as a result of a transaction described in Sections 5.01 or 5.03 of this Indenture, the Guarantor (or a Successor to the Company or the Guarantor) has been or would be required to pay any Additional Amounts as therein provided, each series of Securities may be redeemed at the option of such Person in whole, but not in part, upon not less than 30 or more than 60 days notice to each Holder and the Trustee at a Redemption Price equal to the principal amount thereof (except in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities which may be redeemed at the Redemption Price specified by the terms of such series of Securities); provided that in the case of an assumption pursuant to Section 5.01(b), no such redemption will be permitted if such Person is required to pay Additional Amounts immediately after such assumption; provided, further, that such Person shall not be required to use reasonable measures to avoid the obligation to pay Additional Amounts upon the assumption of the Company or the Guarantor’s obligations. (For the avoidance of doubt, a Person which assumes the obligations of the Company or the Guarantor pursuant to Sections 5.01 or 5.03 of this Indenture may make a redemption in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.12(a), if an applicable change in, execution of or amendment to any laws, regulations, rulings or treaties or official application or official interpretation of any law, regulations, rulings or treaties occurs after such assumption and was not formally announced or officially adopted prior to the assumption.) Prior to the giving of notice of redemption of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture, such Person shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate, stating that such Person is entitled to effect such redemption and setting forth in reasonable detail a statement of circumstances showing that the conditions precedent to the right of such Person to redeem such Securities pursuant to this Section have been satisfied, and an Opinion of Counsel.

ARTICLE IV

Covenants

SECTION 4.01.          Payment of Securities.

The Company shall pay the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of each series on the dates and in the manner provided in the Securities of such series and in this Indenture. Principal, premium, interest and any Additional Amounts shall be considered paid on the date due if the Paying Agent (other than the Company, the Guarantor or a Subsidiary) holds on that date money deposited by the Company or the Guarantor designated for and sufficient to pay all principal, premium, interest and any Additional Amounts then due.

The Company shall pay interest on overdue principal and premium (if any), at a rate equal to the then applicable interest rate on the Securities to the extent lawful; and it shall pay interest on overdue installments of interest and any Additional Amounts (without regard to any applicable grace period) at the same rate to the extent lawful.

SECTION 4.02.          Maintenance of Office or Agency.

The Company will maintain in each Place of Payment for any series of Securities an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee, the Registrar or the Paying Agent) where Securities of that series may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange, where Securities of that series may be presented for payment and where notices and demands to or upon the Company or the Guarantor in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served. Unless otherwise designated by the Company by written notice to the Trustee and the Guarantor, such office or agency shall be the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee in New York, New York. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment for Securities of any series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

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SECTION 4.03.          SEC Reports.

If the Company or the Guarantor is subject to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall file with the Trustee, within 15 days after it files the same with the SEC, copies of the annual reports and the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Company or the Guarantor is required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. If this Indenture is qualified under the TIA, but not otherwise, the Company and the Guarantor shall also comply with the provisions of TIA Section 314(a). Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee shall be for informational purposes only, and the Trustee’s receipt thereof shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers’ Certificates or certificates delivered pursuant to Section 4.04).

SECTION 4.04.          Compliance Certificate.

Each of the Company and the Guarantor shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, a statement signed by an Officer of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, which need not constitute an Officers’ Certificate, complying with TIA Section 314(a)(4).

SECTION 4.05.          Corporate Existence.

Subject to Article V, the Company and the Guarantor shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence.

SECTION 4.06.          Additional Amounts.

Unless otherwise specified in any Board Resolution of the Company or the Guarantor establishing the terms of Securities of a series or the Guarantee relating thereto in accordance with Section 2.01, if any deduction or withholding for any present or future taxes or other governmental charges of the jurisdiction (or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) in which the Guarantor is resident, shall at any time be required by such jurisdiction (or any such political subdivision or taxing authority) in respect of any amounts to be paid by the Guarantor under the Guarantee, the Guarantor will pay to the Holder of a Security of such series such additional amounts as may be necessary in order that the net amounts paid to such Holder of such Security who, with respect to any such tax or other governmental charge, is not resident in such jurisdiction, after such deduction or withholding, shall be not less than the amounts specified in such Security to which such Holder is entitled (“Additional Amounts”); provided, however, that the Guarantor shall not be required to make any payment of Additional Amounts for or on account of:

(a)          any such tax or governmental charge imposed by the United States or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein;

(b)          any such tax or governmental charge which would not have been imposed but for the existence of any present or former connection between such Holder (or between a fiduciary, settler, beneficiary, member or shareholder of, or possessor of a power over, such Holder, if such Holder is an estate, trust, partnership or corporation) and the taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision or territory or possession thereof or area subject to its jurisdiction, including, without limitation, such Holder (or such fiduciary, settler, beneficiary, member, shareholder or possessor) being or having been a citizen or resident thereof or being or having been present or engaged in trade or business therein or having or having had a permanent establishment therein;

(c)          a withholding or deduction with respect to any payment of the principal of, or any interest on, any Security of such series to any Holder who is a fiduciary, partnership or other entity that is not the sole beneficial owner of such payment and such payment would be required by the laws of the jurisdiction (or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) to be included in the income for tax purposes of a beneficiary or settlor with respect to such fiduciary, member of such partnership or other entity, or a beneficial owner who would not have been entitled to such Additional Amounts had such beneficiary, settlor, member or

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beneficial owner been the Holder of such Security, provided the amount of the additional payments otherwise payable to such fiduciary, partnership or other entity will be reduced in proportion to the interest that the ultimate beneficial owners described above own in such Holder;

(d)          any such tax or governmental charge which would not have been imposed but for the presentation of a Security of such series (where presentation is required) for payment on a date more than 30 days after the date on which such payment became due and payable or the date on which payment thereof is duly provided for, whichever occurs later;

(e)          any estate, inheritance, gift, sale, transfer, personal property or similar tax or other governmental charge;

(f)          any tax or other governmental charge which is payable otherwise than by withholding from payments of (or in respect of) principal of, or any interest on, the Securities of such series;

(g)          any tax or other governmental charge that is imposed or withheld by reason of (i) the failure to comply by the Holder or the beneficial owner of the Security of such series with a request of the Company or the Guarantor addressed to the Holder to provide information concerning the nationality, residence or identity of the Holder or such beneficial owner or (ii) the failure by a Holder to make any declaration (of nonresidence or other similar claim for exemption) or satisfy any information or reporting requirement which is required or imposed by a statute, treaty, regulation or administrative practice of the taxing jurisdiction as a precondition to exemption from all or part of such tax or other governmental charge;

(h)          a withholding or deduction imposed on a payment to an individual that is required to be made pursuant to any law implementing or complying with, or introduced in order to conform to European Council Directive 2003/48/EC or any other Directive implementing the conclusions of the ECOFIN Council meeting of November 26 and 27, 2000 on the taxation of savings income;

(i)          a withholding or deduction imposed on a payment to a Holder or beneficial owner who could have avoided such withholding or deduction by presenting its debt securities to another Paying Agent; or

(j)          any combination of items above.

The foregoing provisions shall apply mutatis mutandis to any withholding or deduction for or on account of any present or future taxes or governmental charges of whatever nature of any jurisdiction in which any successor Person to the Guarantor is resident, or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein; provided, however, that such payment of additional amounts may be subject to such further exceptions as may be established in the terms of such Securities established as contemplated by Section 2.01. Subject to the foregoing provisions, whenever in this Indenture there is mentioned, in any context, the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on, or in respect of, any Security of any series or payment of any related coupon or the net proceeds received on the sale or exchange of any Security of any series, such mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payment of Additional Amounts provided for in this Section to the extent that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be payable in respect thereof pursuant to the provisions of this Section and express mention of the payment of Additional Amounts (if applicable) in any provisions hereof shall not be construed as excluding Additional Amounts in those provisions hereof where such express mention is not made.

If the terms of the Securities of a series established as contemplated by Section 2.01 do not specify that Additional Amounts pursuant to the Section will not be payable by the Guarantor, at least 10 days prior to the first Interest Payment Date with respect to that series of Securities (or if the Securities of that series will not bear interest prior to Maturity, the first day on which a payment of principal and any premium is made), and at least 10 days prior to each date of payment of principal and any premium or interest if there has been any change with respect to the matters set forth in the below-mentioned Officers’ Certificate, the Issuer will furnish the Trustee and the Issuer’s principal Paying Agent or Paying Agents, if other than the Trustee, with an Officers’ Certificate instructing the Trustee and such Paying Agent or Paying Agents whether such payment of principal of and any premium or interest on the Securities of that series shall be made to Holders of Securities of that series or any related coupons without withholding for or on account of any tax or other governmental

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charge described in the Securities of that series. If any such withholding shall be required, then such Officers’ Certificate shall specify by country the amount, if any, required to be withheld on such payments to such Holders of Securities or coupons and the Guarantor will pay to the Trustee or such Paying Agent or Paying Agents the Additional Amounts required by this Section.

ARTICLE V

Successors

SECTION 5.01.          Limitations on Mergers and Consolidations.

(a)          Neither the Company nor any Guarantor shall, in any transaction or series of transactions, consolidate with or merge into any Person, or sell, lease, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to any Person (other than a consolidation or merger of the Company and the Guarantor or a sale, lease, conveyance, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to the Guarantor or of the Guarantor to the Company), unless:

(1)
either (a) the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall be the continuing Person or (b) the Person (if other than the Company or the Guarantor) formed by such consolidation or into which the Company or the Guarantor is merged, or to which such sale, lease, conveyance, transfer or other disposition shall be made (collectively, the “Successor”), expressly assumes by supplemental indenture, in the case of the Company, the due and punctual payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities and the performance of the Company’s covenants and obligations under this Indenture and the Securities, or, in the case of the Guarantor, the performance of the Guarantee and the Guarantor’s covenants and obligations under this Indenture and the Securities;
   
(2)
the continuing Person is organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States and, if such continuing Person is not organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States, such continuing Person shall agree in a supplemental indenture to be bound by a covenant comparable to that described in Section 4.06 with respect to taxes imposed in the continuing Person’s jurisdiction of residence, and such continuing Person shall benefit from a redemption option comparable to that described in Article III in the event of changes in taxes in such jurisdiction after the date of such transaction, in each case in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee;
   
(3)
the Company or such Guarantor, as the case may be, delivers to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate, stating that the transaction and such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture; and
   
(4)
immediately after giving effect to such a transaction or transactions, no Event of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, has occurred and is continuing.

(b)          In the event that any Person shall become the owner of 100% of the voting stock of any Guarantor, such Person may, but is not obligated to, assume the performance of the Guarantor’s covenants and obligations under this Indenture, the Securities and the Guarantee (a “Voluntary Assumption”); provided that the requirements of Section 5.03(a)(1), (2) and (3) are satisfied, such requirements to be read as if such Person is the Substituted Obligor.

SECTION 5.02.          Successor Person Substituted.

Upon any consolidation or merger or similar transaction of the Company or a Guarantor, as the case may be, or in the case of an asset, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or such Guarantor or a Voluntary Assumption in accordance with Section 5.01, the Successor formed by such consolidation or into or with which the Company or such Guarantor is merged or to which such sale,

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lease, conveyance, transfer or other disposition is made or, in the case of a Voluntary Assumption, the assuming Person shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of the Company or such Guarantor, as the case may be, under this Indenture and the Securities with the same effect as if such Successor had been named as the Company or such Guarantor, as the case may be, herein and the predecessor Company or Guarantor, in the case of an asset, transfer or other disposition, shall be released from all obligations under this Indenture, the Securities and, in the case of a Guarantor, the Guarantee.

SECTION 5.03.          Substitution of Obligor.

(a)          The Company and the Guarantor may at any time, without the consent of any Holders, arrange for and cause the substitution of the Company as the principal obligor by the Guarantor (including any successor Guarantor pursuant to Section 5.04) or any subsidiary of the Guarantor (the “Substituted Obligor”) in respect of any series of Securities, if, immediately after giving effect to such transaction or transactions, no Event of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, has occurred and is continuing; and subject to the conditions that:

(1)
the Substituted Obligor executes a supplemental indenture, in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee, in which it agrees to be bound by the terms of this Indenture, with any consequential amendments that the Trustee may deem appropriate, as fully as if the Substituted Obligor had been named in this Indenture and on the Securities of such series in place of the Company;
   
(2)
the Substituted Obligor is organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States and, if such Substituted Obligor is not organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States, such Substituted Obligor shall agree in such supplemental indenture to be bound by a covenant comparable to that described in Section 4.06 with respect to taxes imposed in the Substituted Obligor’s jurisdiction of residence, and such Substituted Obligor shall benefit from a redemption option comparable to that described in Article III in the event of changes in taxes in such jurisdiction after the date of such substitution, in each case in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee; and
   
(3)
unless the Substituted Obligor is the Guarantor, the obligations of the Substituted Obligor under the Indenture and the Securities of such series are guaranteed by the Guarantor or a Person assuming the Guarantor’s role pursuant to a Voluntary Assumption on the same terms as the Guarantee of the Company’s obligations in respect of such Securities immediately prior to such substitution.

(b)          Upon the substitution of the Company or a Substituted Obligor, as applicable, in accordance with the terms of this Section, the Company or the Substituted Obligor, as applicable, will have no further obligations in respect of the relevant series of Securities.

SECTION 5.04.          Successor Person Substituted.

Upon any substitution of obligor in accordance with Section 5.03, the Substituted Obligor shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of the Company under this Indenture and the Securities with the same effect as if such Substituted Obligor had been named as the Company herein. Any such substitution shall operate to release the Company (including any successor Company pursuant to Section 5.02) from any and all obligations under this Indenture.

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ARTICLE VI

Defaults and Remedies

SECTION 6.01.          Events of Default.

Unless either inapplicable to a particular series or specifically deleted or modified in or pursuant to the supplemental indenture or Board Resolution establishing such series of Securities or in the form of Security for such series, an “Event of Default,” wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any series, occurs if:

(1)
there is a default in the payment of interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security of that series when the same becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of 30 days;
     
(2)
there is a default in the payment of (A) the principal of any Security of that series at its Maturity or (B) premium (if any) on any Security of that series when the same becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of 14 days;
     
(3)
the Company or the Guarantor fails to redeem or purchase any Security of that series when required pursuant to a Notice of Redemption, and such default continues for a period of 14 days;
     
(4)
the Company or the Guarantor fails to comply with any of its other covenants or agreements in, or provisions of, the Securities of such series or this Indenture (other than an agreement, covenant or provision that has expressly been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more series of Securities other than that series) which shall not have been remedied within the specified period after written notice, as specified in the last paragraph of this Section 6.01;
     
(5)
the Company or the Guarantor pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:
     
 
(A)
commences a voluntary case,
     
 
(B)
consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case,
     
 
(C)
consents to the appointment of a Bankruptcy Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, or
     
 
(D)
makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors;
     
(6)
a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that remains unstayed and in effect for 90 days and that:
     
 
(A)
is for relief against the Company or the Guarantor as debtor in an involuntary case,
     
 
(B)
appoints a Bankruptcy Custodian of the Company or the Guarantor or a Bankruptcy Custodian for all or substantially all of the property of the Company or the Guarantor, or
     
 
(C)
orders the liquidation of the Company or the Guarantor; or
     
(7)
any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that series occurs.

The term “Bankruptcy Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

The Trustee shall not be deemed to know or have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a Default or Event of Default is received by a Responsible

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Officer of the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Securities and this Indenture or, if such Default or Event of Default is with respect to provisions (1), (2) or (3) above, a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof.

When a Default is cured, it ceases.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 6.01, if the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security is payable in a currency or currencies other than Dollars and such currency or currencies are not available to the Company or a Guarantor for making payment thereof due to the imposition of exchange controls or other circumstances beyond the control of the Company or such Guarantor (a “Conversion Event”), the Company and the Guarantor will be entitled to satisfy its obligations to Holders of the Securities by making such payment in Dollars in an amount equal to the Dollar equivalent of the amount payable in such other currency, as determined by the Company or the Guarantor making such payment, as the case may be, by reference to the Exchange Rate on the date of such payment, or, if such rate is not then available, on the basis of the most recently available Exchange Rate. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 6.01, any payment made under such circumstances in Dollars where the required payment is in a currency other than Dollars will not constitute an Event of Default under this Indenture.

Promptly after the occurrence of a Conversion Event, the Company or the Guarantor shall give written notice thereof to the Trustee; and the Trustee, promptly after receipt of such notice, shall give notice thereof in the manner provided in Section 11.02 to the Holders. Promptly after the making of any payment in Dollars as a result of a Conversion Event, the Company or the Guarantor making such payment, as the case may be, shall give notice in the manner provided in Section 11.02 to the Holders, setting forth the applicable Exchange Rate and describing the calculation of such payments.

A Default under clause (4) or (7) of this Section 6.01 is not an Event of Default until the Trustee notifies the Company and the Guarantor, or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of the series affected by such Default (or, in the case of a Default under clause (4) of this Section 6.01, if outstanding Securities of other series are affected by such Default, then at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities so affected) notify the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee, of the Default, and the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, fails to cure the Default within 90 days after receipt of the notice; provided that no such notice may be given with respect to any action taken, and reported publicly or to the Holders, more than two years prior to such notice. The notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a “Notice of Default.”

SECTION 6.02.          Acceleration.

If an Event of Default with respect to any Securities of any series at the time outstanding (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of Section 6.01) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company and the Guarantor, or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of the series affected by such Event of Default by notice to the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee, may declare the principal of (or, if any such Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) and all accrued and unpaid interest on all then outstanding Securities of such series to be due and payable. Upon any such declaration, the amounts due and payable on the Securities shall be due and payable immediately. If an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of Section 6.01 hereof occurs, such amounts shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration, notice or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of the series affected by such Event of Default by written notice to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration and its consequences (other than nonpayment of principal of or premium, interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities) if the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if all existing Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series have been cured or waived, except nonpayment of principal, premium, interest or any Additional Amounts that have become due solely because of the acceleration.

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SECTION 6.03.          Other Remedies.

If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Securities or this Indenture.

The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. All remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

SECTION 6.04.          Waiver of Defaults.

Subject to Sections 6.07 and 9.02, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of any series or of all series (acting as one class) by notice to the Trustee may waive an existing or past Default or Event of Default with respect to such series or all series, as the case may be, and its consequences (including waivers obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for Securities of such series or all series or a solicitation of consents in respect of Securities of such series or all series; provided that in each case such offer or solicitation is made to all Holders of then outstanding Securities of such series or all series (but the terms of such offer or solicitation may vary from series to series)), except (1) a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or Additional Amounts with respect to any Security or (2) a continued Default in respect of a provision that under Section 9.02 cannot be amended or supplemented without the consent of each Holder affected. Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

SECTION 6.05.          Control by Majority.

With respect to Securities of any series, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of such series may direct in writing the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it relating to or arising under an Event of Default described in clause (1), (2), (3) or (7) of Section 6.01, and with respect to all Securities, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of all the then outstanding Securities affected may direct in writing the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it not relating to or arising under such an Event of Default. However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with applicable law or this Indenture, that the Trustee determines may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of other Holders, or that may involve the Trustee in personal liability; provided, however, that the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction. Prior to taking any action hereunder, the Trustee shall be entitled to indemnification satisfactory to it in its sole discretion from Holders directing the Trustee against all losses and expenses caused by taking or not taking such action.

SECTION 6.06.          Limitations on Suits.

Subject to Section 6.07 hereof, a Holder of a Security of any series may pursue a remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Securities of such series only if:

(1)
the Holder gives to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to such series;
   
(2)
the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of such series make a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy;
   
(3)
such Holder or Holders offer to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense;
   


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(4)
the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer of indemnity; and
   
(5)
during such 60-day period the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of that series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.

A Holder may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder.

SECTION 6.07.          Rights of Holders to Receive Payment.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder of a Security to receive payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Security, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, is absolute and unconditional and shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder.

SECTION 6.08.          Collection Suit by Trustee.

If an Event of Default specified in clause (1) or (2) of Section 6.01 hereof occurs and is continuing, the Trustee is authorized to recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company or the Guarantor for the amount of principal, premium (if any), interest and any Additional Amounts remaining unpaid on the Securities of the series affected by the Event of Default, and interest on overdue principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent lawful, interest on overdue interest, and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

SECTION 6.09.          Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

The Trustee is authorized to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents and to take such actions, including participating as a member, voting or otherwise, of any committee of creditors, as may be necessary or advisable to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and the Holders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company or the Guarantor or their respective creditors or properties and shall be entitled and empowered to collect, receive and distribute any money or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and any Bankruptcy Custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07. To the extent that the payment of any such compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 out of the estate in any such proceeding, shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions, dividends, money, securities and other properties which the Holders of the Securities may be entitled to receive in such proceeding whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

SECTION 6.10.          Priorities.

If the Trustee collects any money pursuant to this Article VI, it shall pay out the money in the following order:

First: to the Trustee for amounts due under Section 7.07;

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Second: to Holders for amounts due and unpaid on the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, for principal, premium (if any), interest and Additional Amounts ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal, premium (if any), interest and any Additional Amounts, respectively; and

Third: to the Company.

The Trustee, upon prior written notice to the Company, may fix record dates and payment dates for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Article VI.

To the fullest extent allowed under applicable law, if for the purpose of obtaining a judgment against the Company or a Guarantor in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of any series (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the “Judgment Currency”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in New York, New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the Business Day in New York, New York next preceding that on which final judgment is given. Neither the Company, the Guarantor nor the Trustee shall be liable for any shortfall nor shall it benefit from any windfall in payments to Holders of Securities under this Section 6.10 caused by a change in exchange rates between the time the amount of a judgment against it is calculated as above and the time the Trustee converts the Judgment Currency into the Required Currency to make payments under this Section 6.10 to Holders of Securities, but payment of such judgment shall discharge all amounts owed by the Company and the Guarantor on the claim or claims underlying such judgment.

SECTION 6.11.          Undertaking for Costs.

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as a trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section 6.11 does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 6.07, or a suit by a Holder or Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of any series.

ARTICLE VII

Trustee

SECTION 7.01.          Duties of Trustee.

(a)          If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in such exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

(b)          Except during the continuance of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series:

(1)
the Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and
   
(2)
in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. However, the Trustee shall examine such certificates and opinions to determine whether, on their face, they appear to conform to the requirements of this Indenture.


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(c)          The Trustee may not be relieved from liabilities for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:

(1)
this paragraph does not limit the effect of Section 7.01(b);
   
(2)
the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and
   
(3)
the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05 and Section 6.02.

(d)          Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to the provisions of this Section 7.01.

(e)          No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or incur any liability, if it shall have reasonable grounds to believe that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

(f)          Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. All money received by the Trustee shall, until applied as herein provided, be held in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities.

(g)          Every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section and to the provisions of the TIA.

(h)          The Trustee may engage in other transactions; provided , however , that if it acquires any conflicting interest, it must either eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to the SEC for permission to continue or resign.

SECTION 7.02.          Rights of Trustee.

(a)          The Trustee may conclusively rely on any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.

(b)          Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require instruction, or an Officers’ Certificate to be provided. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such instruction, or Officers’ Certificate.

(c)          The Trustee may consult with counsel, and the advice or opinion of counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture and Securities shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.

(d)          The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care.

(e)          The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers conferred; provided, however, that the Trustee’s consent does not constitute wilful misconduct or negligence.

(f)          Unless otherwise specifically provided in this Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from the Company or the Guarantor shall be sufficient if signed by an Officer of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be.

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(g)          The Trustee shall not be obligated to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document.

(h)          The Trustee may request that the Company deliver an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture, which Officers’ Certificate may be signed by any person authorized to sign an Officers’ Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized in any such certificate previously delivered and not superseded.

(i)          In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including, but not limited to, lost profits, even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

(j)          In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder because of circumstances beyond its control, including, but not limited to, acts of God, flood, war (whether declared or undeclared), terrorism, fire, riot, epidemics, embargo, governmental action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations, governmental action or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of the services contemplated by this Agreement.

SECTION 7.03.          May Hold Securities.

The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company, the Guarantor or any of their respective Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights and duties. However, the Trustee is subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11.

SECTION 7.04.          Trustee’s Disclaimer.

The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the Securities or any money paid to the Company or the Guarantor or upon the Company’s or the Guarantor’s direction under any provision hereof, it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee and it shall not be responsible for any statement or recital herein or any statement in the Securities other than its certificate of authentication.

SECTION 7.05.          Notice of Defaults.

If a Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series occurs and is continuing and written notice of such Default or Event of Default is provided to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall deliver to Holders of Securities of such series a notice of the Default or Event of Default within 90 days after it occurs.

SECTION 7.06.          Reports by Trustee to Holders.

Within 60 days after each April 15 of each year after the execution of this Indenture, the Trustee shall mail to Holders of a series, the Guarantor and the Company a brief report dated as of such reporting date that complies with TIA Section 313(a); provided, however, that if no event described in TIA Section 313(a) has occurred within the twelve months preceding the reporting date with respect to a series, no report need be transmitted to Holders of such series. The Trustee also shall comply with TIA Section 313(b). The Trustee shall also transmit by mail or file by such method as may be required all reports if and as required by TIA Sections 313(c) and 313(d).

A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Holders of a series of Securities shall be filed with the SEC and each securities exchange, if any, on which the Securities of such series are listed. The Company shall notify the Trustee if and when any series of Securities is listed on any securities exchange.

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SECTION 7.07.          Compensation and Indemnity.

The Company agrees to pay to the Trustee for its acceptance of this Indenture and services hereunder such compensation as the Company and the Trustee shall from time to time agree in writing. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company agrees to reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable disbursements, advances and expenses incurred by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel.

The Company hereby indemnifies the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee against any and all loss, liability, damage, claim or expense, including taxes (other than taxes based upon, measured by or determined by the income of the Trustee), incurred by it arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its duties under this Indenture, except as set forth in the next following paragraph. The Trustee shall notify the Company and the Guarantor promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent.

The Company shall not be obligated to reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee through the Trustee’s negligence, bad faith, willful misconduct, default, breach of duty or breach of trust.

To secure the payment obligations of the Company in this Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of any series. Such lien and the Company’s obligations under this Section 7.07 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(5) or (6) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

SECTION 7.08.          Replacement of Trustee.

A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section 7.08.

The Trustee may resign and be discharged at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by so notifying the Company and the Guarantor. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of any series may remove the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series by so notifying the Trustee, the Company and the Guarantors. The Company may remove the Trustee if:

(1)
the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10;
   
(2)
the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;
   
(3)
a Bankruptcy Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or
   
(4)
the Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting.

If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, with respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series). Within one year after the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal

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amount of the Securities of such series then outstanding may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.

If a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series does not take office within 30 days after the retiring or removed Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring or removed Trustee, the Company, the Guarantor or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of such series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

If the Trustee with respect to the Securities of a series fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Holder of Securities of such series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

In case of the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, each such successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee, to the Company and to the Guarantor. Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the retiring Trustee under this Indenture. The successor Trustee shall deliver a notice of its succession to Holders. The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee, subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.07.

In case of the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the Guarantor, the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto in which each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and that (1) shall confer to each successor Trustee all the rights, powers and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall confirm that all the rights, powers and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee. Nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust, and each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee. Upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates. On request of the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall transfer to such successor Trustee all property held by such retiring Trustee as Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates. Such retiring Trustee shall, however, have the right to deduct its unpaid fees and expenses, including attorneys’ fees.

Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee or Trustees pursuant to this Section 7.08, the obligations of the Company under Section 7.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee or Trustees.

SECTION 7.09.          Successor Trustee by Merger, etc.

Subject to Section 7.10, if the Trustee consolidates, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee; provided, however, that in the case of a transfer of all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to another corporation, the transferee corporation expressly assumes all of the Trustee’s liabilities hereunder.

In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated; and in case at that time any of the Securities shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor to the Trustee; and in all such cases such certificates shall

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have the full force which it is anywhere in the Securities or in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Trustee shall have.

SECTION 7.10.          Eligibility; Disqualification.

There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be a corporation or banking association organized and doing business under the laws of the United States, any State thereof or the District of Columbia and authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust power, shall be subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State (or the District of Columbia) authority and shall have, or be a subsidiary of a bank or bank holding company having, a combined capital and surplus of at least $50 million as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.

The Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA Sections 310(a)(1), 310(a)(2) and 310(a)(5). The Trustee is subject to and shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 310(b) during the period of time required by this Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture shall prevent the Trustee from filing with the SEC the application referred to in the penultimate paragraph of TIA Section 310(b).

SECTION 7.11.          Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company or a Guarantor.

The Trustee is subject to and shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.

ARTICLE VIII

Discharge of Indenture

SECTION 8.01.          Termination of the Company’s and the Guarantor’s Obligations.

(a)          This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect with respect to the Securities of a series (except that the Company’s obligations under Section 7.07, the Trustee’s and Paying Agent’s obligations under Section 8.03 and the rights, powers, protections and privileges accorded the Trustee under Article VII shall survive), and the Trustee and the Guarantor, on demand of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series, when:

(1)
either:
       
 
(A)
all outstanding Securities of such series theretofore authenticated and issued (other than destroyed, lost or stolen Securities that have been replaced or paid) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or
       
 
(B)
all outstanding Securities of such series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation:
       
   
(i)
have become due and payable, or
       
   
(ii)
will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or
       
   
(iii)
are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company,
       
and, in the case of clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above, the Company or a Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as funds (immediately available to the Holders in the case of clause (i)) in trust for such purpose (x) cash in an amount, or (y) Government Obligations, maturing as to principal and interest at such times and in such amounts as will ensure the availability of cash in an amount or (z) a combination thereof, which will be sufficient, as evidenced (in the case of clauses


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(y) and (z)) by a letter from a nationally recognized investment bank, commercial bank or firm of independent public accountants in the United States in customary form delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the Securities of such series for principal and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or for principal, premium, if any, and interest to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be; or
       
 
(C)
the Company and the Guarantor have properly fulfilled such other means of satisfaction and discharge as is specified, as contemplated by Section 2.01, to be applicable to the Securities of such series;
       
(2)
the Company or the Guarantor has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable by them hereunder with respect to the Securities of such series; and
       
(3)
the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series have been complied with together with an Opinion of Counsel to the same effect.

(b)          Unless this Section 8.01(b) is specified as not being applicable to Securities of a series as contemplated by Section 2.01, the Company may, at its option, terminate certain of its and the Guarantors’ respective obligations under this Indenture (“covenant defeasance”) with respect to the Securities of a series if:

(1)
the Company or a Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for and dedicated solely to the benefit of the Holders of Securities of such series, (i) money in the currency in which payment of the Securities of such series is to be made in an amount, or (ii) Government Obligations with respect to such series, maturing as to principal and interest at such times and in such amounts as will ensure the availability of money in the currency in which payment of the Securities of such series is to be made in an amount or (iii) a combination thereof, that is sufficient, as evidenced (in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii)) by a letter from a nationally recognized investment bank, commercial bank or firm of independent public accountants in the United States in customary form delivered to the Trustee, to pay the principal of and premium (if any) and interest on all Securities of such series on each date that such principal, premium (if any) or interest is due and payable and (at the Stated Maturity thereof or upon redemption as provided in Section 8.01(e)) to pay all other sums payable by it hereunder; provided that the Trustee shall have been irrevocably instructed to apply such money and/or the proceeds of such Government Obligations to the payment of said principal, premium (if any) and interest with respect to the Securities of such series as the same shall become due;
   
(2)
the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent with respect to such covenant defeasance of the Securities of such series have been complied with, and an Opinion of Counsel to the same effect;
   
(3)
the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel from a nationally recognized counsel in the United States acceptable to the Trustee or a tax ruling to the effect that the Holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as a result of the Company’s exercise of its option under this Section 8.01(b) and will be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such option had not been exercised; and
   
(4)
the Company and the Guarantors have complied with any additional conditions specified pursuant to Section 2.01 to be applicable to the discharge of Securities of such series pursuant to this Section 8.01.

In such event, this Indenture shall cease to be of further effect (except as set forth in this paragraph), and the Trustee and the Guarantor, on demand of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge under this Indenture. However, the Company’s and the Guarantors’

33



respective obligations in Sections 2.05, 2.06, 2.07, 2.08, 2.09, 4.01, 4.02, 7.07, 7.08, 8.04 and 10.01, the Trustee’s and Paying Agent’s obligations in Section 8.03 and the rights, powers, protections and privileges accorded the Trustee under Article VII shall survive until all Securities of such series are no longer outstanding. Thereafter, only the Company’s obligations in Section 7.07 and the Trustee’s and Paying Agent’s obligations in Section 8.03 shall survive with respect to Securities of such series.

After such irrevocable deposit made pursuant to this Section 8.01(b) and satisfaction of the other conditions set forth herein, the Trustee upon request shall acknowledge in writing the discharge of the Company’s and the Guarantors’ obligations under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series except for those surviving obligations specified above.

In order to have money available on a payment date to pay principal of or premium (if any) or interest on the Securities, the Government Obligations shall be payable as to principal or interest on or before such payment date in such amounts as will provide the necessary money. Government Obligations shall not be callable at the issuer’s option.

(c)          If the Company and the Guarantors have previously complied or are concurrently complying with Section 8.01(b) (other than any additional conditions specified pursuant to Section 2.01 that are expressly applicable only to covenant defeasance) with respect to Securities of a series, then, unless this Section 8.01(c) is specified as not being applicable to Securities of such series as contemplated by Section 2.01, the Company may elect that its and the Guarantors’ respective obligations to make payments with respect to Securities of such series be discharged (“legal defeasance”), if:

(1)
no Default or Event of Default under clauses (5) and (6) of Section 6.01 hereof shall have occurred at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of deposit contemplated by Section 8.01(b) (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period);
   
(2)
unless otherwise specified with respect to Securities of such series as contemplated by Section 2.01, the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel from a nationally recognized counsel in the United States acceptable to the Trustee to the effect referred to in Section 8.01(b)(3) with respect to such legal defeasance, which opinion is based on (i) a private ruling of the Internal Revenue Service addressed to the Company, (ii) a published ruling of the Internal Revenue Service pertaining to a comparable form of transaction or (iii) a change in the applicable federal income tax law (including regulations) after the date of this Indenture;
   
(3)
the Company and the Guarantors have complied with any other conditions specified pursuant to Section 2.01 to be applicable to the legal defeasance of Securities of such series pursuant to this Section 8.01(c); and
   
(4)
the Company has delivered to the Trustee a Company Request requesting such legal defeasance of the Securities of such series and an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent with respect to such legal defeasance of the Securities of such series have been complied with, together with an Opinion of Counsel to the same effect.

In such event, the Company and the Guarantor will be discharged from their respective obligations under this Indenture and the Securities of such series to pay the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series, the Company’s and the Guarantor’s respective obligations under Sections 4.01, 4.02 and 10.01 shall terminate with respect to such Securities, and the entire indebtedness of the Company evidenced by such Securities and of the Guarantor evidenced by the related Guarantees shall be deemed paid and discharged.

(d)          If and to the extent additional or alternative means of satisfaction, discharge or defeasance of Securities of a series are specified to be applicable to such series as contemplated by Section 2.01, each of the Company and the Guarantor may terminate any or all of its obligations under this Indenture with respect to Securities of a series and any or all of its obligations under the Securities of such series if it fulfills such other

34



means of satisfaction and discharge as may be so specified, as contemplated by Section 2.01, to be applicable to the Securities of such series.

(e)          If Securities of any series subject to subsections (a), (b), (c) or (d) of this Section 8.01 are to be redeemed prior to their Stated Maturity, whether pursuant to any optional redemption provisions or in accordance with any mandatory or optional sinking fund provisions, the terms of the applicable trust arrangement shall provide for such redemption, and the Company shall make such arrangements as are reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company.

SECTION 8.02.          Application of Trust Money.

The Trustee or a trustee satisfactory to the Trustee and the Company shall hold in trust money or Government Obligations deposited with it pursuant to Section 8.01 hereof. It shall apply the deposited money and the money from Government Obligations through the Paying Agent and in accordance with this Indenture to the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series with respect to which the deposit was made.

SECTION 8.03.          Repayment to Company or Guarantor.

The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall promptly pay to the Company or the Guarantor any excess money or Government Obligations (or proceeds therefrom) held by them at any time upon the written request of the Company.

Subject to the requirements of any applicable abandoned property laws, the Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon written request any money held by them for the payment of principal, premium (if any), interest or any Additional Amounts that remain unclaimed for two years after the date upon which such payment shall have become due. After payment to the Company, Holders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another Person, and all liability of the Trustee and the Paying Agent with respect to such money shall cease.

SECTION 8.04.          Reinstatement.

If the Trustee or the Paying Agent is unable to apply any money or Government Obligations deposited with respect to Securities of any series in accordance with Section 8.01 by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the obligations of the Company and the Guarantor under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series and under the Securities of such series shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.01 until such time as the Trustee or the Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money or Government Obligations in accordance with Section 8.01; provided, however, that if the Company or the Guarantor has made any payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Securities because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money or Government Obligations held by the Trustee or the Paying Agent.


ARTICLE IX
Supplemental Indentures and Amendments

SECTION 9.01.          Without Consent of Holders.

The Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities or waive any provision hereof or thereof without the consent of any Holder:

(1)
to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency;
   


35



(2)
to cause any entity to assume the obligations of the Company or the Guarantor in compliance with Article V;
   
(3)
to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities, provided, however, that the uncertificated Securities are issued in a registered form for purposes of Section 163(f) of the Code or in a manner such that such uncertificated Securities are described in Section 163(f)(2)(B) of the Code;
   
(4)
to provide any security for, or to add any guarantees of or additional obligors on, any series of Securities or the related Guarantees;
   
(5)
to comply with any requirement in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA;
   
(6)
to add to the covenants of the Company or the Guarantor for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series), or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company or the Guarantor;
   
(7)
to add any additional Events of Default with respect to all or any series of the Securities (and, if any Event of Default is applicable to less than all series of Securities, specifying the series to which such Event of Default is applicable);
   
(8)
to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture; provided that any such change or elimination shall become effective only when there is no outstanding Security of any series created prior to the execution of such amendment or supplemental indenture that is adversely affected in any material respect by such change in or elimination of such provision;
   
(9)
to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by Section 2.01;
   
(10)
to supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance and discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Section 8.01; provided, however, that any such action shall not adversely affect the interest of the Holders of Securities of such series or any other series of Securities in any material respect;
   
(11)
to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 7.08; or
   
(12)
to modify this Indenture in any manner that does not adversely affect the rights of Holders of any series affected by such modification in any material respect.

Upon the request of the Company and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in Section 9.06, the Trustee shall, subject to Section 9.06, join with the Company and the Guarantor in the execution of any supplemental indenture authorized or permitted by the terms of this Indenture and make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained.

SECTION 9.02.          With Consent of Holders.

Except as provided below in this Section 9.02, the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture with the written consent (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for Securities of any one or more series or all series or a solicitation of consents in respect of Securities of any one or more series or all series; provided that in each case such offer or solicitation is made to all Holders of then outstanding Securities of each such series (but the terms of such offer

36



or solicitation may vary from series to series)) of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of all series affected by such amendment or supplement (acting as one class).

Upon the request of the Company and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of the Holders as aforesaid, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in Section 9.06, the Trustee shall, subject to Section 9.06, join with the Company and the Guarantor in the execution of such amendment or supplemental indenture.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of one or more series or of all series may waive compliance in a particular instance by the Company or the Guarantor with any provision of this Indenture with respect to Securities of such series (including waivers obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for Securities of such series or a solicitation of consents in respect of Securities of such series; provided that in each case such offer or solicitation is made to all Holders of then outstanding Securities of such series (but the terms of such offer or solicitation may vary from series to series)).

However, without the consent of each Holder affected, an amendment, supplement or waiver relating to the outstanding Securities of a particular series under this Section 9.02 may not:

(1)
reduce the amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;
   
(2)
reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest, including default interest, on any Security;
   
(3)
reduce the principal of any Security or change its Stated Maturity;
   
(4)
reduce the premium, if any, payable upon the redemption of any Security or change the time at which any Security may or shall be redeemed;
   
(5)
change any obligation of the Guarantor to pay Additional Amounts with respect to any Security;
   
(6)
change the coin or currency or currencies (including composite currencies) in which any Security, or any premium, interest or Additional Amounts with respect thereto, are payable;
   
(7)
impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security pursuant to Sections 6.07 and 6.08, except as limited by Section 6.06;
   
(8)
make any change in the percentage of principal amount of Securities necessary to waive compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture pursuant to Section 6.04 or 6.07 or make any change in this sentence of Section 9.02; or
   
(9)
waive a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities.

A supplemental indenture that changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

The right of any Holder to participate in any consent required or sought pursuant to any provision of this Indenture (and the obligation of the Company or the Guarantor to obtain any such consent otherwise required from such Holder) may be subject to the requirement that such Holder shall have been the Holder of

37



record of any Securities with respect to which such consent is required or sought as of a date identified by the Company or the Guarantor in a notice furnished to Holders in accordance with the terms of this Indenture.

After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.02 becomes effective, the Company shall deliver to the Holders of each Security affected thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure of the Company to deliver such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amendment, supplement or waiver.

SECTION 9.03.          Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.

Every amendment or supplement to this Indenture or the Securities shall comply in form and substance with the TIA as then in effect.

SECTION 9.04.          Revocation and Effect of Consents.

Until an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to his or her Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives written notice of revocation before a date and time therefor identified by the Company or the Guarantor in a notice furnished to such Holder in accordance with the terms of this Indenture or, if no such date and time shall be identified, the date the amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective. An amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective in accordance with its terms and thereafter binds every Holder.

The Company or the Guarantor may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date (which need not comply with TIA Section 316(c)) for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver or to take any other action under this Indenture. If a record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the provisions of the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to consent to such amendment, supplement or waiver or to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No consent shall be valid or effective for more than 90 days after such record date unless consents from Holders of the principal amount of Securities required hereunder for such amendment or waiver to be effective shall have also been given and not revoked within such 90-day period.

After an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind every Holder, unless it is of the type described in any of clauses (1) through (8) of Section 9.02 hereof. In such case, the amendment, supplement or waiver shall bind each Holder who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security.

SECTION 9.05.          Notation on or Exchange of Securities.

If an amendment or supplement changes the terms of an outstanding Security, the Company may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Trustee. The Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Security at the request of the Company regarding the changed terms and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Company so determines, the Company, in exchange for the Security, shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security that reflects the changed terms. Failure to make the appropriate notation or to issue a new Security shall not affect the validity of such amendment or supplement.

Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any amendment or supplement may, and shall if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such amendment or supplement.

SECTION 9.06.          Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc.

The Trustee shall sign any amendment or supplement authorized pursuant to this Article if the amendment or supplement does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee. If

38



it does, the Trustee may, but need not, sign it. In signing or refusing to sign such amendment or supplement, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and, subject to Section 7.01 hereof, shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that such amendment or supplement is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and that it will be valid and binding and enforceable upon the Company and the Guarantor in accordance with its terms.

ARTICLE X

Guarantee

SECTION 10.01.          Guarantee.

The Guarantor, hereby unconditionally guarantees to the Holders from time to time of the Securities (a) the full and prompt payment of the principal of and any premium on any Security when and as the same shall become due, whether at the Stated Maturity thereof, by acceleration, redemption or otherwise, and (b) the full and prompt payment of any interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security when and as the same shall become due, subject in each case to any applicable grace period. Each payment by the Guarantor with respect to any Security shall be paid in the currency or currencies specified for payments on such Security as contemplated by Section 2.01 and pursuant to this Indenture. The Guarantee hereunder constitutes a guarantee of payment and not of collection.

The obligations of the Guarantor hereunder with respect to a series of Securities shall be absolute and unconditional and, subject to Article VIII, shall remain in full force and effect until the entire principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series shall have been paid or provided for in accordance with the provisions of such series and of this Indenture, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of any Security of such series or this Indenture, any change or amendment thereto, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent by the Trustee or the Holder of any Security of such series with respect to any provision of such Security or this Indenture, the recovery of any judgment against the Company or any action to enforce the same, or any other circumstances that may otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a guarantor. The Guarantor hereby waives presentment or demand of payment or notice to the Guarantor with respect to such Security and the obligations evidenced thereby or hereby. The Guarantor further waives any right of set-off or counterclaim it may have against any Holder of a Security arising from any other obligations any such Holder may have to the Company or the Guarantor.

It is the intention of the Guarantor that the Guarantee not constitute a fraudulent transfer or conveyance for purposes of any Bankruptcy Law, the Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act, the Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act or any similar federal, state or other law to the extent applicable to the Guarantee. To effectuate the foregoing intention, the obligations of the Guarantor hereunder shall be limited to the maximum amount as will, after giving effect to such maximum amount and all other contingent and fixed liabilities of the Guarantor (other than guarantees of the Guarantor in respect of subordinated debt) that are relevant under such laws, result in the obligations of the Guarantor hereunder not constituting a fraudulent transfer or conveyance.

SECTION 10.02.          Proceedings Against Guarantor.

In the event of a default in the payment of principal of or any premium on any Security when and as the same shall become due, whether at the Stated Maturity thereof, by acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise, or in the event of a default in any sinking fund payment, or in the event of a default in the payment of any interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security when and as the same shall become due, each of the Trustee and the Holder of such Security shall have the right to proceed first and directly against the Guarantor under this Indenture without first proceeding against the Company or exhausting any other remedies which the Trustee or such Holder may have and without resorting to any other security held by it.

The Trustee shall have the right, power and authority to do all things it deems necessary or advisable to enforce the provisions of this Indenture relating to the Guarantee and to protect the interests of the Holders of the Securities and, in the event of a default in payment of the principal of or any premium on any Security when and as the same shall become due, whether at the Stated Maturity thereof, by acceleration, call for redemption

39



or otherwise, or in the event of a default in the payment of any interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security when and as the same shall become due, the Trustee may institute or appear in such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of its rights and the rights of the Holders, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture relating to the Guarantee or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the event of a default in payment of the principal of,  premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security when due, the Trustee may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce the same against the Guarantor and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Guarantor, wherever situated.

SECTION 10.03.          Subrogation.

The Guarantor shall be subrogated to all rights against the Company of any Holder of Securities of a series in respect of any amounts paid by the Guarantor pursuant to the provisions of the Guarantee; provided, however, that the Guarantor shall be entitled to enforce, or to receive any payments arising out of or based upon, such right of subrogation only after the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to all Securities of such series have been paid in full.

SECTION 10.04.          Guarantee for Benefit of Holders.

The Guarantee contained in this Indenture is entered into by the Guarantor for the benefit of the Holders from time to time of the Securities. Such provisions shall not be deemed to create any right in, or to be in whole or in part for the benefit of, any Person other than the Trustee, the Guarantor, the Holders from time to time of the Securities and their permitted successors and assigns.

ARTICLE XI

Miscellaneous

SECTION 11.01.          Trust Indenture Act Controls.

If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by operation of TIA Section 318(c), the imposed duties shall control.

SECTION 11.02.          Notices.

Any notice or communication by the Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee to the others is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or by facsimile (or other electronic means with attachment in PDF or similar format) or mailed by first-class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested) or overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to the other’s address:

If to the Company or the Guarantor:

Shell Finance US Inc.
150 N. Dairy Ashford
Houston, Texas 77079
Attention: Lynn Borgmeier
Email: Lynn.Borgmeier@shell.com

with a copy to:

Shell Centre
London SE1 7NA
Attention: Head of Financial Markets (SI-FTF)

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Facsimile: +44 207 934 7770
Email: Michael.Dawson@shell.com

If to the Trustee:

Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas
1 Columbus Circle, 17th Floor
Mail Stop: NYC01-1710
New York, New York 10019
Attn: Trust and Agency Services – Shell Finance US Inc.
Facsimile: (1 732) 578-4635


The Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee by notice to the others may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

All notices and communications shall be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally delivered; five Business Days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, if mailed; when receipt is acknowledged, if by facsimile (or other electronic means with an attachment in PDF or similar format); and the next Business Day after timely delivery to the courier, if sent by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery.

Notices to be given to Holders of Global Securities will be given only to the Depositary, in accordance with its applicable policies as in effect from time to time. Any notice or communication to Holders of Securities that are not Global Securities shall be delivered by facsimile (or other electronic means) or mailed by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to the Holder’s address shown on the register kept by the Registrar, and will be deemed given when receipt is acknowledged, if sent by facsimile (or other electronic means), or five Business Days after being deposited in the mail, if mailed. Failure to send a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders.

If a notice or communication is sent in the manner provided above within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it, except in the case of notice to the Trustee, it is duly given only when received.

If the Company or a Guarantor sends a notice or communication to Holders, the Company or such Guarantor shall send a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

All notices or communications, including without limitation notices to the Trustee, the Company or a Guarantor by Holders, shall be in writing, except as otherwise set forth herein.

In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service, or by reason of any other cause, it shall be impossible to mail any notice required by this Indenture, then such method of notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient mailing of such notice.

SECTION 11.03.          Communication by Holders with Other Holders.

Holders may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities. The Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA Section 312(c).

SECTION 11.04.          Certificate and Opinions.

Upon any request or application by the Company or the Guarantor to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall, if required pursuant to TIA Section 314(c), furnish to the Trustee at the expense of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be:

(1)
an Officer’s Certificate (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 11.05) stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent and covenants, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and
   


41



(2)
an Opinion of Counsel (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 11.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent and covenants have been complied with,

except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any other provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.

In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company or the Guarantor may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

SECTION 11.05.          Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.

Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant to TIA Section 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 314(e) and shall include:

(1)
a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;
   
(2)
a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;
   
(3)
a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him or her to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and
   
(4)
a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

SECTION 11.06.          Rules by Trustee and Agents.

The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of Holders. The Registrar or the Paying Agent may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions.

42



SECTION 11.07.          No Recourse Against Others.

A director, officer, employee, stockholder, partner or other owner of the Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee, as such, shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities, for any obligations of any Guarantor under the Guarantee, or for any obligations of the Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee under this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Holder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release shall be part of the consideration for the issue of Securities.

SECTION 11.08.          Governing Law.

THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES AND THE GUARANTEE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO APPLICABLE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS TO THE EXTENT THE LAWS OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION WOULD BE REQUIRED THEREBY.

With respect to any claim arising out of this Indenture, each party hereto:  (a) irrevocably submits to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of (i) the courts of the State of New York, including the related appellate courts, and (ii) the courts of the United States of America for the Southern District of New York, including the related appellate courts; and (b) irrevocably waives (i) any objection which it may have at any time to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating hereto brought in any such court, (ii) any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in any inconvenient forum and (iii) the right to object, with respect to such claim, suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court, that such court does not have jurisdiction over such party.

SECTION 11.09.          No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.

This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company, the Guarantor or any Subsidiary. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

SECTION 11.10.          Waiver of Jury Trial.

The Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and each Holder irrevocably agree to waive trial by jury in any action, proceeding, claim or counterclaim brought by or on behalf of any party related to or arising out of this Indenture, the Securities and the Guarantee.

SECTION 11.11.          Successors.

All agreements of the Company and the Guarantor in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successors. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors.

SECTION 11.12.          Severability.

In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

SECTION 11.13.          Counterpart Originals; E-Signatures.

The parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement. The exchange of copies of this Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Indenture for all purposes. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes. The words “execution,” “signed,” “signature,” “delivery,” and words of like import in or relating to this Indenture or any document to be signed in connection with this Indenture shall be

43



deemed to include electronic signatures, deliveries or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature, physical delivery thereof or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, and the parties hereto consent to conduct the transactions contemplated hereunder by electronic means.

Facsimile, documents executed, scanned and transmitted electronically and electronic signatures, including those created or transmitted through a software platform or application, shall be deemed original signatures for purposes of this Indenture and all matters and agreements related thereto, with such facsimile, scanned and electronic signatures having the same legal effect as original signatures. The parties agree that this Indenture or any instrument, agreement or document necessary for the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Indenture or related hereto or thereto (including addendums, amendments, notices, instructions, communications with respect to the delivery of securities or the wire transfer of funds or other communications) (“Executed Documentation”) may be accepted, executed or agreed to through the use of an electronic signature in accordance with applicable laws, rules and regulations in effect from time to time applicable to the effectiveness and enforceability of electronic signatures. Any Executed Documentation accepted, executed or agreed to in conformity with such laws, rules and regulations will be binding on all parties hereto and the Holders to the same extent as if it were physically executed and each party and the Holders hereby consents to the use of any third party electronic signature capture service providers as may be reasonably chosen by a signatory hereto or thereto. When the Trustee acts on any Executed Documentation sent by electronic transmission, the Trustee will not be responsible or liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising therefrom if such Executed Documentation (a) is not an authorized or authentic communication of the party involved or in the form such party sent or intended to send (whether due to fraud, distortion or otherwise) or (b) conflicts with, or is inconsistent with, a subsequent written instruction or communication; it being understood and agreed that the Trustee shall conclusively presume that Executed Documentation that purports to have been sent by an authorized officer of a Person has been sent by an authorized officer of such Person. The party providing Executed Documentation through electronic transmission or otherwise with electronic signatures agrees to assume all risks arising out of such electronic methods, including the risk of the Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties. The Trustee may authenticate the Security by manual, electronic or facsimile signature.

SECTION 11.14.          Table of Contents, Headings, etc.

The table of contents, cross-reference table and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

SECTION 11.15.          USA Patriot Act.

In order to comply with the laws, rules, regulations and executive orders in effect from time to time applicable to banking institutions, including, without limitation, those relating to the funding of terrorist activities and money laundering, including Section 326 of the USA PATRIOT Act of the United States (“Applicable AML Law”), the Trustee and Agents are required to obtain, verify, record and update certain information relating to individuals and entities which maintain a business relationship with the Trustee and Agents. Accordingly, each of the parties agree to provide to the Trustee and Agents, upon their request from time to time such identifying information and documentation as may be available for such party in order to enable Trustee and Agents to comply with Applicable AML Law.

44



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.


  SHELL FINANCE US INC., AS ISSUER  
       

by:
 
 
    Name:    
    Title:    

  SHELL PLC, AS GUARANTOR  
       

by:
 
 
    Name:    
    Title:    


  DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS, AS TRUSTEE  
       

by:
 
 
    Name:    
    Title:    



by:
 
 
    Name:    
    Title:    






45

Exhibit 4.6





SHELL FINANCE US INC.
as Issuer

and

SHELL PLC
as Guarantor

and

DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS
as Trustee

Indenture

Dated as of [●]

Subordinated Debt Securities





RECONCILIATION AND TIE BETWEEN TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939
AND INDENTURE, DATED AS OF [●]

Section of Trust Indenture Act of 1939
 
Section in
Indenture
Section
310
(a)(1)
 
7.10
 
(a)(2)
 
7.10
 
(a)(3)
 
Not Applicable
 
(a)(4)
 
Not Applicable
 
(a)(5)
 
7.10
 
(b)
 
7.08, 7.10
Section
311
(a)
 
7.11
 
(b)
 
7.11
 
(c)
 
Not Applicable
Section
312
(a)
 
2.07
 
(b)
 
12.03
 
(c)
 
12.03
Section
313
(a)
 
7.06
 
(b)
 
7.06
 
(c)
 
7.06
 
(d)
 
7.06
Section
314
(a)
 
4.03, 4.04
 
(b)
 
Not Applicable
 
(c)(1)
 
12.04
 
(c)(2)
 
12.04
 
(c)(3)
 
Not Applicable
 
(d)
 
Not Applicable
 
(e)
 
12.05
Section
315
(a)
 
7.01(b)
 
(b)
 
7.05
 
(c)
 
7.01(a)
 
(d)
 
7.01(c)
 
(d)(1)
 
7.01(c)(1)
 
(d)(2)
 
7.01(c)(2)
 
(d)(3)
 
7.01(c)(3)
 
(e)
 
6.11
Section
316
(a)(1)(A)
 
6.05
 
(a)(1)(B)
 
6.04
 
(a)(2)
 
Not Applicable
 
(a)(last sentence)
 
2.11
 
(b)
 
6.07
 
(c)
 
9.04
Section
317
(a)(1)
 
6.08
 
(a)(2)
 
6.09
 
(b)
 
2.06
Section
318
(a)
 
12.01


Note: This reconciliations and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of the Indenture.
i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ARTICLE I
 
Definitions and Incorporation by Reference
     
SECTION 1.01.
Definitions
1
SECTION 1.02.
Other Definitions
4
SECTION 1.03.
Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act
5
SECTION 1.04.
Rules of Construction
5
     
ARTICLE II
 
The Securities
     
SECTION 2.01.
Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series
6
SECTION 2.02.
Denominations
8
SECTION 2.03.
Forms Generally
8
SECTION 2.04.
Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating
9
SECTION 2.05.
Registrar and Paying Agent
10
SECTION 2.06.
Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust
10
SECTION 2.07.
Holder Lists
11
SECTION 2.08.
Transfer and Exchange
11
SECTION 2.09.
Replacement Securities
11
SECTION 2.10.
Outstanding Securities
12
SECTION 2.11.
Original Issue Discount, Non-Dollar Denominated and Treasury Securities
12
SECTION 2.12.
Temporary Securities
12
SECTION 2.13.
Cancellation
12
SECTION 2.14.
Payments; Defaulted Interest
13
SECTION 2.15.
Persons Deemed Owners
13
SECTION 2.16.
Computation of Interest
13
SECTION 2.17.
Global Securities; Book-Entry Provisions
13
     
ARTICLE III
 
Redemption
 
SECTION 3.01.
Applicability of Article
15
SECTION 3.02.
Notice to the Trustee
15
SECTION 3.03.
Selection of Securities To Be Redeemed
15
SECTION 3.04.
Notice of Redemption
16
SECTION 3.05.
Effect of Notice of Redemption
16
SECTION 3.06.
Deposit of Redemption Price
16
SECTION 3.07.
Securities Redeemed or Purchased in Part
17
SECTION 3.08.
Purchase of Securities
17
SECTION 3.09.
Mandatory and Optional Sinking Funds
17
SECTION 3.10.
Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities
17
SECTION 3.11.
Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund
17
SECTION 3.12.
Optional Redemption Due to Changes in Tax Treatment
18
     

ii

ARTICLE IV
 
Covenants
     
SECTION 4.01.
Payment of Securities
19
SECTION 4.02.
Maintenance of Office or Agency
19
SECTION 4.03.
SEC Reports
19
SECTION 4.04.
Compliance Certificate
20
SECTION 4.05.
Corporate Existence
20
SECTION 4.06.
Additional Amounts
20
     
ARTICLE V
 
Successors
     
SECTION 5.01.
Limitations on Mergers and Consolidations
22
SECTION 5.02.
Successor Person Substituted
22
SECTION 5.03.
Substitution of Obligor
23
SECTION 5.04.
Successor Person Substituted
23
     
ARTICLE VI
 
Defaults and Remedies
     
SECTION 6.01.
Events of Default
23
SECTION 6.02.
Acceleration
25
SECTION 6.03.
Other Remedies
25
SECTION 6.04.
Waiver of Defaults
26
SECTION 6.05.
Control by Majority
26
SECTION 6.06.
Limitations on Suits
26
SECTION 6.07.
Rights of Holders to Receive Payment
27
SECTION 6.08.
Collection Suit by Trustee
27
SECTION 6.09.
Trustee May File Proofs of Claim
27
SECTION 6.10.
Priorities
27
SECTION 6.11.
Undertaking for Costs
28
     
ARTICLE VII
 
Trustee
     
SECTION 7.01.
Duties of Trustee
28
SECTION 7.02.
Rights of Trustee
29
SECTION 7.03.
May Hold Securities
30
SECTION 7.04.
Trustee’s Disclaimer
30
SECTION 7.05.
Notice of Defaults
30
SECTION 7.06.
Reports by Trustee to Holders
30
SECTION 7.07.
Compensation and Indemnity
30
SECTION 7.08.
Replacement of Trustee
31
SECTION 7.09.
Successor Trustee by Merger, etc
32
SECTION 7.10.
Eligibility; Disqualification
33
SECTION 7.11.
Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company or a Guarantor
33
     

iii

ARTICLE VIII
 
Discharge of Indenture
     
SECTION 8.01.
Termination of the Company’s and the Guarantor’s Obligations
33
SECTION 8.02.
Application of Trust Money
36
SECTION 8.03.
Repayment to Company or Guarantor
36
SECTION 8.04.
Reinstatement
36
     
ARTICLE IX
 
Supplemental Indentures and Amendments
     
SECTION 9.01.
Without Consent of Holders
36
SECTION 9.02.
With Consent of Holders
37
SECTION 9.03.
Compliance with Trust Indenture Act
39
SECTION 9.04.
Revocation and Effect of Consents
39
SECTION 9.05.
Notation on or Exchange of Securities
39
SECTION 9.06.
Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc
40
     
ARTICLE X
 
Guarantee
     
SECTION 10.01.
Guarantee
40
SECTION 10.02.
Proceedings Against Guarantor
40
SECTION 10.03.
Subrogation
41
SECTION 10.04.
Guarantee for Benefit of Holders
41
     

ARTICLE XI  
     

Subordination of Securities
 
     
SECTION 11.01.
Trust Indenture Act Controls
41
SECTION 11.02.
Securities Subordinated to Senior Debt
41
SECTION 11.03.
No Payment on Securities in Certain Circumstances
42
SECTION 11.04.
Securities Subordinated to Prior Payment of All Senior Debt on Dissolution, Liquidation or Reorganization
42
SECTION 11.05.
Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt
43
SECTION 11.06.
Obligations of the Company and the Guarantor Unconditional
43
SECTION 11.07.
Trustee Entitled to Assume Payments Not Prohibited in Absence of Notice
44
SECTION 11.08.
Application by Trustee of Amounts Deposited with it
44
SECTION 11.09.
Subordination Rights Not Impaired by Acts or Omissions of the Company, the Guarantor or Holders of Senior Debt
44
SECTION 11.10.
Trustee to Effectuate Subordination of Securities
44
SECTION 11.11.
Right of Trustee to Hold Senior Debt
45
SECTION 11.12.
Article XI Not to Prevent Events of Default
45
SECTION 11.13.
No Fiduciary Duty of Trustee to Holders of Senior Debt
45
SECTION 11.14.
Article Applicable to Paying Agent
45
     

iv

ARTICLE XII
 
Miscellaneous
     
SECTION 12.01.
Trust Indenture Act Controls
45
SECTION 12.02.
Notices
45
SECTION 12.03.
Communication by Holders with Other Holders
47
SECTION 12.04.
Certificate and Opinions
47
SECTION 12.05.
Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion
47
SECTION 12.06.
Rules by Trustee and Agents
48
SECTION 12.07.
No Recourse Against Others
48
SECTION 12.08.
Governing Law
48
SECTION 12.09.
No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements
48
SECTION 12.10.
Waiver of Jury Trial
48
SECTION 12.11.
Successors
48
SECTION 12.12.
Severability
49
SECTION 12.13.
Counterpart Originals; E-Signatures
49
SECTION 12.14.
Table of Contents, Headings, etc
49
SECTION 12.15.
USA Patriot Act
49

v

INDENTURE, dated as of [●], among Shell Finance US Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), Shell plc, a public company limited by shares existing under the laws of England and Wales (the “Guarantor”) and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, a New York banking corporation, as trustee (the “Trustee”).

Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other parties and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Company’s unsecured debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (the “Securities”) to be issued from time to time in one or more series as provided in this Indenture:

ARTICLE I

Definitions and Incorporation by Reference

SECTION 1.01.          Definitions.

Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by, or under direct or indirect common control with, such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, “control” of a Person shall mean the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” shall have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

Agent” means any Registrar or Paying Agent.

Bankruptcy Law” means any bankruptcy or insolvency law or other similar law affecting creditors’ rights or law governing a proceeding seeking a judgment of insolvency or bankruptcy or any other relief from debt obligations.

Board of Directors” with respect to a Person means the board of directors (or similar body, including any sole or managing member, as applicable) of such Person or any committee thereof duly authorized, with respect to any particular matter, to act by or on behalf of such board of directors (or similar body, including any sole or managing member, as applicable).

Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution or appropriate record of action taken pursuant to such resolution, certified by a member of the Board of Directors, the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Company or Guarantor to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company or such Guarantor, as the case may be, and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

Business Day” means any day that is not a Legal Holiday.

Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

Company” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Person shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor Person; provided, however, that for purposes of any provision contained herein which is required by the TIA, “Company” shall also mean each other obligor (if any), other than a Guarantor, on the Securities of a series.

Company Order” and “Company Request” mean, respectively, a written order or request signed in the name of the Company or Guarantor by an Officer of the Company or Guarantor, as the case may be, and delivered to the Trustee.

Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee” means the office of the Trustee currently located at (i) for purposes of surrender, transfer or exchange of any Security, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, c/o DB Services Americas, Inc., 5022 Gate Parkway, Suite 200, Jacksonville, FL 32256, Attn: Transfer Department and (ii) for all other purposes, at the address of the Trustee specified in Section 11.02 or such other address as to which the Trustee may give written notice to the Company.

Debt” of any Person means, without duplication: (i) all indebtedness or obligations of such Person for borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such Person or only to a portion thereof); (ii) all obligations of such Person evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or other similar instruments; (iii) all obligations of such Person in respect of letters of credit or other similar instruments (or reimbursement obligations with respect thereto), other than standby letters of credit, bid or performance bonds and other obligations issued by or for the account of such Person in the ordinary course of business, to the extent not drawn or, to the extent drawn, if such drawing is reimbursed not later than the third Business Day following demand for reimbursement; (iv) all obligations of such Person to pay the deferred and unpaid purchase price of property or services, except trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business; (v) all capitalized lease obligations of such Person; (vi) all Debt of others secured by a lien on any asset of such Person, whether or not such Debt is assumed by such Person (provided that if the obligations so secured have not been assumed in full by such Person or are not otherwise such Person’s legal liability in full, then such obligations shall be deemed to be in an amount equal to the greater of (a) the lesser of (1) the full amount of such obligations and (2) the fair market value of such assets, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of such Person, which determination shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution, and (b) the amount of obligations as have been assumed by such Person or which are otherwise such Person’s legal liability); and (vii) all Debt of others (other than endorsements in the ordinary course of business) guaranteed by such Person to the extent of such guarantee.

Default” means any event, act or condition that is, or after notice or the passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

Depositary” means, with respect to the Securities of any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in global form, the Person specified pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof as the initial Depositary with respect to the Securities of such series, until a successor shall have been appointed and become such pursuant to the applicable provision of this Indenture, and thereafter “Depositary” shall mean or include such successor.

Dollar” or “$” means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or currency of the United States as at the time shall be legal tender for the payment of public and private debt.

Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and any successor statute.

Established Rate” means the rate for the conversion of the specified currency into euro established by the Council of the European Union pursuant to Article 1091(4) of the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended (the “Treaty”).

Global Security” means a Security that is issued in global form in the name of the Depositary with respect thereto or its nominee.

Government Obligations” means, with respect to a series of Securities, direct obligations of the government that issues the currency in which the Securities of the series are payable for the payment of which the full faith and credit of such government is pledged, or obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of such government, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by such government.

Guarantee” shall mean the guarantee of the Company’s obligations under the Securities by the Guarantor as provided in Article X.

Guarantor” means the Person named as a “Guarantor” in the first paragraph of this instrument, until a successor to such Person shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Guarantor” shall mean such successor Person.

Holder” means a Person in whose name a Security is registered.

Indenture” means this Indenture as amended or supplemented from time to time pursuant to the provisions hereof, and includes the terms of a particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 2.01.
2

Interest” means, with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security that by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, interest payable after Maturity.

Interest Payment Date,” when used with respect to any Security, shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Security as contemplated by Section 2.01.

Issue Date” means, with respect to Securities of a series, the date on which the Securities of such series are originally issued under this Indenture.

Legal Holiday” means a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in any of New York, New York, United States; London, United Kingdom or a Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to remain closed.

Maturity” means, with respect to any Security, the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity thereof, or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

Non-Dollar Currency” means any currency other than Dollars.

Officer” means any director or their authorized attorneys appointed pursuant to one or more duly executed powers of attorney, the Chief Financial Officer, Vice President of Finance, Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Company or the Guarantor, as applicable, or Group Treasurer or Head of Financial Markets of the Shell Group.

Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by two Officers of a Person and, in the case of an Officers’ Certificate of the Company pursuant to Section 2.01 or 2.04, by an Officer of the Guarantor.

Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from legal counsel which opinion is acceptable to the Trustee. Such counsel may be an in-house counsel or external counsel to the Company or the Guarantor.

Original Issue Discount Security” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02.

Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or other agency, instrumentality or political subdivision thereof or other entity of any kind.

Place of Payment” means, with respect to the Securities of any series, the place or places where the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of that series are payable as specified in accordance with Section 4.06 subject to the provisions of Section 4.02.

Redemption Date” means, with respect to any Security to be redeemed, the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.

Redemption Price” means, with respect to any Security to be redeemed, the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.

Responsible Officer” means any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, including any vice president, assistant vice president, assistant secretary, assistant treasurer, trust officer or any other officer of the Trustee who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of such person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.

SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
3

Securities” has the meaning stated in the preamble of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

Security Custodian” means, with respect to Securities of a series issued in global form, the Trustee for Securities of such series, as custodian with respect to the Securities of such series, or any successor entity thereto.

Senior Debt” of a Person, unless otherwise provided with respect to the Securities of a series as contemplated by Section 2.01, means all Debt of the Person, whether currently outstanding or hereafter created, incurred or assumed, unless, by the terms of the instrument creating or evidencing such Debt or pursuant to which such Debt is outstanding, it is provided that such Debt is not superior in right of payment to the Securities or to other Debt which is pari passu with or subordinated to the Securities, and provided that, unless otherwise provided with respect to the Securities of a series as contemplated by Section 2.01, in no event shall “Senior Debt” include (a) Debt of the Person owed or owing to any Subsidiary or any officer, director or employee of the Person or any Subsidiary, (b) Debt to trade creditors or (c) any liability for taxes owed or owing by the Person.

Shell Group” means Shell plc and those companies in which it either directly or indirectly has control, by having either a majority of the voting rights or the right to exercise a controlling influence or to obtain the majority of the benefits and be exposed to a majority of the risks.

Stated Maturity” means, when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

Subsidiary” means a Person at least a majority of the outstanding voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company and/or Guarantor or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and/or Guarantor and one or more other Subsidiaries. For the purposes of this definition, “voting stock” means stock having voting power for the election of directors or the comparable governing body of entities not governed by a board of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power by reason of any contingency.

TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as in effect on the date hereof.

Trustee” means the Person named as such above until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” means each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series means the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

United States” means the United States of America (including the States and the District of Columbia) and its territories and possessions, which include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake Island and the Northern Mariana Islands.

U.S. Government Obligations” means Government Obligations with respect to Securities payable in Dollars.

SECTION 1.02.          Other Definitions.

Term
 
Defined in
Section
“Additional Amounts”
 
4.06
“Agent Members”
 
2.17
“Bankruptcy custodian”
 
6.01
“Conversion Event”
 
6.01
“covenant defeasance”
 
8.01
“Event of Default”
 
6.01
“Exchange Rate”
 
2.11

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“Executed Documentation”
12.13
“Judgment Currency”
6.10
“legal defeasance”
8.01
“mandatory sinking fund payment”
3.09
“optional sinking fund payment”
3.09
“Paying Agent”
2.05
“Payment Default”
11.03
“Registrar”
2.05
“Required currency”
6.10
“Substituted Obligor”
5.03
“Successor”
5.01
“Voluntary Assumption”
5.01

SECTION 1.03.          Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture (and if the Indenture is not qualified under the TIA at that time, as if it were so qualified unless otherwise provided). The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

“Commission” means the SEC.

“indenture securities” means the Securities.

“indenture security holder” means a Holder.

“indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture.

“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee.

“obligor” on the indenture securities means the Company, the Guarantor or any other obligor on the Securities.

All terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by a TIA reference to another statute or defined by an SEC rule under the TIA have the meanings so assigned to them.

SECTION 1.04.          Rules of Construction.

Unless the context otherwise requires:


(1)
a term has the meaning assigned to it;


(2)
an accounting term used has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with the comprehensive body of accounting principles to which the Company or Guarantor is subject and which initially shall be International Financial Reporting Standards;


(3)
“or” is not exclusive;


(4)
words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;


(5)
provisions apply to successive events and transactions; and


(6)
all references in this instrument to Articles and Sections are references to the corresponding Articles and Sections in and of this instrument.
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ARTICLE II

The Securities

SECTION 2.01.          Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.

The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

The Securities may be issued in one or more series. There shall be (i) established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company, and set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in an Officers’ Certificate of the Company or in a Company Order, or (ii) established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series:


(1)
the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from the Securities of all other series);


(2)
if there is to be a limit, the limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Section 2.08, 2.09, 2.12, 2.17, 3.07 or 9.05 and except for any Securities which, pursuant to Section 2.04 or 2.17, are deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder); provided, however, that unless otherwise provided in the terms of the series, the authorized aggregate principal amount of such series may be increased before or after the issuance of any Securities of the series by a Board Resolution (or action pursuant to a Board Resolution) to such effect;


(3)
whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable initially in temporary global form and whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable in permanent global form, as Global Securities or otherwise, and, if so, whether beneficial owners of interests in any such Global Security may exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under which any such exchanges may occur, if other than in the manner provided in Section 2.17, and the initial Depositary and Security Custodian, if any, for any Global Security or Securities of such series;


(4)
the manner in which any interest payable on a temporary Global Security on any Interest Payment Date will be paid if other than in the manner provided in Section 2.14, including any right of the Company to extend or defer the interest payment periods and the duration of the extension;


(5)
whether and under what circumstances Additional Amounts will be payable;


(6)
any provisions that would require the redemption, repurchase or repayment of the series of Securities;


(7)
the date or dates on which the principal of and premium (if any) on the Securities of the series is payable or the method of determination thereof;


(8)
the rate or rates, or the method of determination thereof, at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest (which may be fixed or variable), if any, whether and under what circumstances Additional Amounts with respect to such Securities shall be payable, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest shall be payable and the record date for the interest payable on any Securities on any Interest Payment Date, or if other than provided herein, the Person to whom any interest on the Securities of the series shall be payable;
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(9)
the place or places where, subject to the provisions of Section 4.02, the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series shall be payable;


(10)
the period or periods within which, the price or prices (whether denominated in cash, securities or otherwise) at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, if the Company is to have that option, and the manner in which the Company must exercise any such option, if different from those set forth herein;


(11)
the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, purchase or repay Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices (whether denominated in cash, securities or otherwise) at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed, purchased or repaid in whole or in part pursuant to such obligation;


(12)
if other than denominations of $2,000 (or in the case of Securities denominated in a Non-Dollar Currency, the equivalent thereof) and any integral multiple thereof, the denomination in which any Securities of that series shall be issuable;


(13)
if other than Dollars, the currency or currencies (including composite currencies) or the form, including currency units, equity securities, other debt securities (including Securities), warrants or any other securities or property of the Company, the Guarantor or any other Person, in which payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series shall be payable;


(14)
if the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series are to be payable, at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof, in a currency or currencies (including composite currencies) other than that in which the Securities are stated to be payable, the currency or currencies (including composite currencies) in which payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series as to which such election is made shall be payable, and the periods within which and the terms and conditions upon which such election is to be made;


(15)
if the amount of payments of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series may be determined with reference to any commodities, currencies or indices, values, rates or prices or any other index or formula, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;


(16)
if other than the entire principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02;


(17)
any additional means of satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and any additional conditions or limitations to discharge with respect to Securities of the series and the related Guarantee pursuant to Article VIII or any modifications of or deletions from such conditions or limitations;


(18)
any deletions or modifications of or additions to the Events of Default set forth in Section 6.01 or covenants of the Company or the Guarantor set forth in Article IV pertaining to the Securities of the series;


(19)
any restrictions or other provisions with respect to the transfer or exchange of Securities of the series, which may amend, supplement, modify or supersede those contained in this Article II;


(20)
if the Securities of the series are to be convertible into or exchangeable for other debt securities

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(including Securities) of the Company or capital stock, debt securities, warrants, other equity securities or any other securities or property of the Guarantor at the option of the Company or the Holder or upon the occurrence of any condition or event, the terms and conditions for such conversion or exchange;


(21)
any modifications to the definition of “Senior Debt,” to Article XI or to the other provisions regarding subordination with respect to the Securities of the series; and


(22)
any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be prohibited by the provisions of this Indenture).

All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to the Board Resolution referred to above and (subject to Section 2.03) set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in the Officers’ Certificate or Company Order referred to above or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.

If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of such Board Resolution shall be set forth in an Officers’ Certificate or certified by a member of the Board of Directors, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers’ Certificate or Company Order setting forth the terms of the series, as required by Section 2.04(a).

The Securities shall be subordinated in right of payment to Senior Debt as provided in Article XI and/or as specified as contemplated pursuant to this Section 2.01.

SECTION 2.02.          Denominations.

The Securities of each series shall be issuable in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section 2.01. In the absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of such series denominated in Dollars shall be issuable in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof and the Securities of such series denominated in a Non-Dollar Currency shall be issuable in denominations equivalent to $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof in that Non-Dollar Currency.

SECTION 2.03.          Forms Generally.

The Securities of each series shall be in fully registered form and in substantially such form or forms (including temporary or permanent global form) established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto. The Securities may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, securities exchange rule, the Company’s certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other similar governing documents, agreements to which the Company is subject, if any, or usage (provided that any such notation, legend or endorsement is in a form acceptable to the Company). A copy of the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture establishing the form or forms of Securities of any series shall be delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 2.04 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.

The definitive Securities of each series shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution thereof.

The Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following form:

“This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.
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DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY
 
AMERICAS, as Trustee,
 
By:
 
 
Authorized Signatory”

SECTION 2.04.          Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating.

Two Officers of the Company shall sign the Securities on behalf of the Company.

If an Officer of the Company whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office or position at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall be valid nevertheless.

A Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture including the related Guarantee or be valid or obligatory for any purpose until authenticated by the signature of an authorized signatory of the Trustee, which signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security has been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company delivers such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 2.13, together with a written statement (which need not comply with Section 12.05) stating that such Security has never been issued and sold by the Company, for all purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture including the related Guarantee.

At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver such Securities for original issue upon a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities or pursuant to such procedures acceptable to the Trustee as may be specified from time to time by Company Order. Such order shall specify the amount of the Securities to be authenticated, the date on which the original issue of Securities is to be authenticated, the name or names of the initial Holder or Holders and any other terms of the Securities of such series not otherwise determined. If provided for in such procedures, such Company Order may authorize (1) authentication and delivery of Securities of such series for original issue from time to time, with certain terms (including, without limitation, the Maturity dates or date, original issue date or dates and interest rate or rates) that differ from Security to Security and (2) may authorize authentication and delivery pursuant to electronic instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agent, which instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing.

If the form or terms of the Securities of the series have been established in or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions as permitted by Section 2.01, in authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this

Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive (in addition to the Company Order referred to above and the other documents required by Section 12.04), and (subject to Section 7.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon:

(a)          an Officers’ Certificate which shall annex a copy of the Board Resolution as contemplated by the penultimate paragraph of Section 2.01; and

(b)          an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that:

(i)          the form of such Securities has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

(ii)         the terms of such Securities have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; and
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(iii)        when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, such Securities and the related Guarantees will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company and the Guarantor, respectively, enforceable against the Company and the Guarantor, respectively, in accordance with their respective terms, except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws in effect from time to time affecting the rights of creditors generally, and the application of general principles of equity, including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

If all the Securities of any series are not to be issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver an Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel at the time of issuance of each such Security, but such Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered at or before the time of issuance of the first Security of the series to be issued. In addition, newly issued Securities of any series that have the same CUSIP, ISIN or other identifying number as the outstanding Securities must be fungible for U.S. federal tax purposes with all outstanding Securities in the same series.

The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issuance of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture would affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. Unless limited by the terms of such appointment, an authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of the Company or the Guarantor.

Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

SECTION 2.05.          Registrar and Paying Agent.

The Company shall maintain an office or agency for each series of Securities where Securities of such series may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange (“Registrar”) and an office or agency where Securities of such series may be presented for payment (“Paying Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register of the Securities of such series and of their transfer and exchange. The Company may appoint one or more co--registrars and one or more additional paying agents. The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar and the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent.

The Company shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Registrar or Paying Agent not a party to this Indenture. The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such Agent. The Company shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any Agent not a party to this Indenture. The Company may change any Paying Agent or Registrar without notice to any Holder. If the Company fails to appoint or maintain another entity as Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such. The Company, the Guarantor or any Subsidiary may act as Paying Agent or Registrar.

The Company initially appoints the Trustee as Registrar and Paying Agent and in acting as Registrar and Paying Agent, the Trustee will have all such rights and privileges as are set forth in Article VII of this Indenture..

SECTION 2.06.          Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.

The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust for the benefit of Holders or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities and will notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any
10

funds disbursed. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed. Upon payment over to the Trustee and upon accounting for any funds disbursed, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company, the Guarantor or a Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Company, the Guarantor or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Holders all money held by it as Paying Agent. Each Paying Agent shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 317(b).

SECTION 2.07.          Holder Lists.

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Holders and shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 312(a). The Company shall comply with TIA Section 312(a) and shall furnish to the Trustee a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Holders of such series:

(a)          at least five Business Days before each Interest Payment Date with respect to such series of Securities outstanding on the record date relating to such Interest Payment Date if the Trustee is not the Registrar with respect to such series of Securities,

(b)          at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, and

(c)          semi-annually, not more than 15 days after each regular record date for any series of Securities at the time outstanding on such record date.

SECTION 2.08.          Transfer and Exchange.

Except as set forth in Section 2.17 or as may be provided pursuant to Section 2.01:

(a)          When Securities of any series are presented to the Registrar or any transfer agent with the request to register the transfer of such Securities or to exchange such Securities for an equal principal amount of Securities of the same series of like tenor and of other authorized denominations, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange as requested if its requirements and the requirements of this Indenture for such transactions are met; provided, however, that the Securities presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instruction of transfer in form reasonably satisfactory to the Registrar duly executed by the Holder thereof or by his attorney, duly authorized in writing, on which instruction the Registrar can rely.

(b)          To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s written request and submission of the Securities or Global Securities. No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any registration of transfer or exchange (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein), but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than such transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges pursuant to Section 2.12, 3.07 or 9.05). The Trustee shall authenticate Securities in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.04. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to register the transfer or exchange of (a) any Security selected for redemption in whole or in part pursuant to Article III, except the unredeemed portion of any Security being redeemed in part, or (b) any Security during the period beginning 15 Business Days before notice of any offer to repurchase Securities of the series required pursuant to the terms thereof or of redemption of Securities of a series to be redeemed is given and ending at the close of business on the day such notice is given.

SECTION 2.09.          Replacement Securities.

If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, or if the Holder of a Security claims that the Security has been destroyed, lost or stolen and the Company and the Trustee receive evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a replacement Security of the same series if the Trustee’s requirements are met. If any such mutilated, destroyed, lost
11


or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security. If required by the Trustee, the Guarantor or the Company, such Holder must furnish an indemnity bond that is sufficient in the judgment of the Trustee and the Company to protect the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any Agent or any authenticating agent from any loss that any of them may suffer if a Security is replaced. The Company and the Trustee may charge a Holder for their expenses in replacing a Security.

Every replacement Security is an additional obligation of the Company.

SECTION 2.10.          Outstanding Securities.

The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest in a Global Security effected by the Trustee hereunder and those described in this Section 2.10 as not outstanding.

If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.09, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a protected purchaser.

If the principal amount of any Security is considered paid under Section 4.01, it ceases to be outstanding and interest on it ceases to accrue.

A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of the Company or the Guarantor holds the Security.

SECTION 2.11.          Original Issue Discount, Non-Dollar Denominated and Treasury Securities.

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities have concurred in any direction, amendment, supplement, waiver or consent, (a) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security shall be the principal amount thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02, (b) the principal amount of a Security denominated in a Non-Dollar currency shall be the Dollar equivalent, as determined by the Company by reference to the noon buying rate in New York for cable transfers for such currency, as such rate is certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (the “Exchange Rate”) on the date of original issuance of such Security, of the principal amount (or, in the case of an Original Issue Discount Security, the Dollar equivalent, as determined by the Company by reference to the Exchange Rate on the date of the original issuance of such Security, of the amount determined as provided in (a) above), of such Security and (c) Securities owned by the Company, the Guarantor or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company, of the Guarantor or of such other obligor shall be disregarded, except that, for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such direction, amendment, supplement, waiver or consent, only Securities that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded.

SECTION 2.12.          Temporary Securities.

Until definitive Securities of any series are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities, but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate definitive Securities in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities.

SECTION 2.13.          Cancellation.

The Company or the Guarantor at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange, payment or redemption or for credit against any sinking fund payment. The Trustee shall cancel
12

all Securities surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, payment, redemption, replacement or cancellation or for credit against any sinking fund. Unless the Company shall direct in writing that canceled Securities be returned to it, after written notice to the Company all canceled Securities held by the Trustee shall be disposed of in accordance with the usual disposal procedures of the Trustee, and the Trustee shall maintain a record of their disposal. The Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that have been paid or that have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

SECTION 2.14.          Payments; Defaulted Interest.

Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 2.01, interest (except defaulted interest) on any Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Persons who are registered Holders of that Security at the close of business on the record date next preceding such Interest Payment Date, even if such Securities are canceled after such record date and on or before such Interest Payment Date. The Holder must surrender a Security to the Trustee or a Paying Agent to collect principal payments. Unless otherwise provided with respect to the Securities of any series, the Company will pay the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities in Dollars. Such amounts shall be payable at the offices of the Trustee or any Paying Agent; provided that at the option of the Company, the Company may pay such amounts (1) by wire transfer with respect to Global Securities or (2) by check payable in such money mailed to a Holder’s registered address with respect to any Securities.

If a Payment Date is a Legal Holiday at a Place of Payment, payment may be made at that place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, no default in payment will have occurred, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Securities of any series, the Company shall pay the defaulted interest in any lawful manner plus, to the extent lawful, interest on the defaulted interest, in each case at the rate provided in the Securities of such series and in Section 4.01. The Company may pay the defaulted interest to the Persons who are Holders on a subsequent special record date. At least 15 days before any special record date selected by the Company, the Company (or the Trustee, in the name of and at the expense of the Company upon 20 days’ prior written notice from the Company setting forth such special record date and the interest amount to be paid) shall cause notice of the special record date, the related payment date and the amount of such interest to be paid to be given to Holders.

SECTION 2.15.          Persons Deemed Owners.

The Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any Agent and any authenticating agent may treat the Person in whose name any Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payments of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to such Security and for all other purposes. None of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any Agent or any authenticating agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

SECTION 2.16.          Computation of Interest.

Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a year comprising twelve 30-day months.

SECTION 2.17.          Global Securities; Book-Entry Provisions.

If Securities of a series are issuable in global form as a Global Security, as contemplated by Section 2.01, then, notwithstanding clause (10) of Section 2.01 and the provisions of Section 2.02, any such Global Security shall represent such of the outstanding Securities of such series as shall be specified therein and may provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount of outstanding Securities from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate amount of outstanding Securities represented thereby may from time to time be reduced or increased, as appropriate, to reflect exchanges, transfers or redemptions. Any endorsement of a Global Security to reflect the amount, or any increase or decrease in the amount, of outstanding Securities represented thereby shall be made by the Trustee (i) in
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such manner and upon instructions given by such Person or Persons as shall be specified in such Security or in a Company Order to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.04 or (ii) otherwise in accordance with written instructions or such other written form of instructions as is customary for the Depositary for such Security, from such Depositary or its nominee on behalf of any Person having a beneficial interest in such Global Security. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.04 and, if applicable, Section 2.12, the Trustee shall deliver and redeliver any Security in permanent global form in the manner and upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified in such Security or in the applicable Company Order. With respect to the Securities of any series that are represented by a Global Security, the Company and the Guarantor authorize the execution and delivery by the Trustee of a letter of representations or other similar agreement or instrument in the form customarily provided for by the Depositary appointed with respect to such Global Security. Any Global Security may be deposited with the Depositary or its nominee, or may remain in the custody of the Trustee or the Security Custodian therefor pursuant to a FAST Balance Certificate Agreement or similar agreement between the Trustee and the Depositary. If a Company Order has been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company with respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Security in global form shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 12.05 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel.

Members of, or participants in, the Depositary (“Agent Members”) shall have no rights under this Indenture with respect to any Global Security held on their behalf by the Depositary, or the Trustee or the Security Custodian as its custodian, or under such Global Security, and the Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or the Security Custodian and any agent of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or the Security Custodian as the absolute owner of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the registered holder of a Global Security of a series may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any Person, including Agent Members and Persons that may hold interests through Agent Members, to take any action that a Holder of Securities of such series is entitled to take under this Indenture or the Securities of such series and (ii) nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or the Security Custodian, or any agent of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or the Security Custodian, from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary or shall impair, as between the Depositary and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of a beneficial owner of any Security.

Notwithstanding Section 2.08, and except as otherwise provided pursuant to Section 2.01, transfers of a Global Security shall be limited to transfers of such Global Security in whole, but not in part, to the Depositary, its successors or their respective nominees. Interests of beneficial owners in a Global Security may be transferred in accordance with the rules and procedures of the Depositary. Securities shall be transferred to all beneficial owners in exchange for their beneficial interests in a Global Security if, and only if, either (1) the Depositary notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for the Global Security and a successor Depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days of such notice, (2) an Event of Default has occurred with respect to such series and is continuing and the Registrar has received a request from the Depositary to issue Securities in lieu of all or a portion of the Global Security (in which case the Company shall deliver Securities within 30 days of such request) or (3) the Company determines not to have the Securities represented by a Global Security, provided, however, that the uncertificated Securities are issued in a registered form for purposes of Section 163(f) of the Code or in a manner such that such uncertificated Securities are described in Section 163(f)(2)(B) of the Code.

In connection with any transfer of a portion of the beneficial interests in a Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to this Section 2.17, the Registrar shall reflect on its books and records the date and a decrease in the principal amount of the Global Security in an amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interests in the Global Security to be transferred, and the Company and the Guarantor shall execute, and the Trustee upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of Securities shall authenticate and deliver, one or more Securities of the same series of like tenor and amount.

In connection with the transfer of all the beneficial interests in a Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to this Section 2.17, the Global Security shall be deemed to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation, and the Company and the Guarantor shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, to each beneficial owner identified by the Depositary in exchange for its beneficial interests in the Global Security, an equal aggregate principal amount of Securities of authorized denominations.
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Neither the Company, the Guarantor nor the Trustee will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of, Securities by the Depositary, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records of the Depositary relating to such Securities. Neither the Company, the Guarantor nor the Trustee shall be liable for any delay by the related Global Security Holder or the Depositary in identifying the beneficial owners, and each such Person may conclusively rely on, and shall be protected in relying on, instructions from such Global Security Holder or the Depositary for all purposes (including with respect to the registration and delivery, and the respective principal amounts, of the Securities to be issued).

The provisions of the last sentence of the third paragraph of Section 2.04 shall apply to any Global Security if such Global Security was never issued and sold by the Company and the Company or the Guarantor delivers to the Trustee the Global Security together with written instructions (which need not comply with Section 12.05 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) with regard to the cancellation or reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented thereby, together with the written statement contemplated by the last sentence of the third paragraph of Section 2.04.

Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 2.03 and 2.14, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01, payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to any Global Security shall be made to the Person or Persons specified therein.

ARTICLE III

Redemption

SECTION 3.01.          Applicability of Article.

Securities of any series that are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article III. Any redemption may, at the Company’s discretion, be subject to the satisfaction of one or more conditions precedent.

SECTION 3.02.          Notice to the Trustee.

If the Company elects to redeem Securities of any series pursuant to this Indenture, it shall notify the Trustee of the Redemption Date and the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed. The Company shall so notify the Trustee at least 20 days before the Redemption Date (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) by delivering to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that such redemption will comply with the provisions of this Indenture and of the Securities of such series. Any such notice may be canceled at any time prior to notice of such redemption being given to any Holder and shall thereupon be void and of no effect. The notice shall reflect the conditions to the redemption and shall be specified by the Company.

SECTION 3.03.          Selection of Securities To Be Redeemed.

If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed (unless all of the Securities of such series of a specified tenor are to be redeemed), the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee from the outstanding Securities of such series (and tenor) not previously called for redemption, in the case of Global Securities, in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Depositary, and, in the case of Securities that are not Global Securities, either pro rata, by lot or by such other method as the Company shall deem fair and appropriate. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company and the Registrar in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.

For purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to redemption of Securities shall relate, in the case of any of the Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount thereof which has been or is to be redeemed.
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SECTION 3.04.          Notice of Redemption.

Notice of redemption shall be given in the manner provided for in Section 12.02 not less than 15 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed.

All notices of redemption shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state:


(1)
the Redemption Date;


(2)
the Redemption Price (or the methodology for determining the Redemption Price);


(3)
any conditions to the redemption as specified by the Company;


(4)
that, unless the Company and the Guarantor default in making the redemption payment, interest on Securities called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the Redemption Date, and the only remaining right of the Holders of such Securities is to receive payment of the Redemption Price upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Securities redeemed;


(5)
if any Security is to be redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and that on and after the Redemption Date, upon surrender for cancellation of such Security to the Paying Agent, a new Security or Securities in the aggregate principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued without charge to the Holder;


(6)
that Securities called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the Redemption Price and the name and address of the Paying Agent;


(7)
that the redemption is for a sinking or analogous fund, if such is the case; and


(8)
the CUSIP number, if any, relating to such Securities.

Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company’s written request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

SECTION 3.05.          Effect of Notice of Redemption.

Once notice of redemption is given to Holders, Securities called for redemption shall, subject to the satisfaction of any applicable conditions, become due and payable on the Redemption Date and at the Redemption Price. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities called for redemption shall be paid at the Redemption Price, but interest installments whose maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable on the relevant Interest Payment Dates to the Holders of record at the close of business on the relevant record dates specified pursuant to Section 2.01.

SECTION 3.06.          Deposit of Redemption Price.

On or prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on any Redemption Date subject to the satisfaction of any applicable conditions, the Company or the Guarantor shall deposit with the Trustee or the Paying Agent (or, if the Company or the Guarantor is acting as the Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 2.06) an amount of money in same day funds sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities or portions thereof which are to be redeemed on that date, other than Securities or portions thereof called for redemption on that date which have been delivered by the Company or the Guarantor to the Trustee for cancellation.

If the Company or the Guarantor complies with the preceding paragraph, then, unless the Company and the Guarantor default in the payment of such Redemption Price, interest on the Securities to be redeemed will cease to accrue on and after the applicable Redemption Date, whether or not such Securities are presented for payment, and
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the Holders of such Securities shall have no further rights with respect to such Securities except for the right to receive the Redemption Price upon surrender of such Securities. If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal, premium (if any), any Additional Amounts and, to the extent lawful, accrued interest thereon shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate specified pursuant to Section 2.01 or provided in the Securities or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities, such Securities’ yield to maturity.

SECTION 3.07.          Securities Redeemed or Purchased in Part.

Upon surrender to the Paying Agent of a Security to be redeemed in part, the Company and the Guarantor shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without service charge a new Security or Securities, of the same series and of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder in aggregate principal amount equal to, and in exchange for, the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Security so surrendered that is not redeemed.

SECTION 3.08.          Purchase of Securities.

Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01, the Company, the Guarantor and any Affiliate of the Company or the Guarantor may, subject to applicable law, at any time purchase or otherwise acquire Securities in the open market or by private agreement. Any such acquisition shall not operate as or be deemed for any purpose to be a redemption of the indebtedness represented by such Securities. Any Securities purchased or acquired by the Company or the Guarantor may be delivered to the Trustee and, upon such delivery, the indebtedness represented thereby shall be deemed to be satisfied. Section 2.13 shall apply to all Securities so delivered.

SECTION 3.09.          Mandatory and Optional Sinking Funds.

The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment,” and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment.” Unless otherwise provided by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 3.10. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series and by this Article III.

SECTION 3.10.          Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.

The Company or the Guarantor may deliver outstanding Securities of a series (other than any previously called for redemption) and may apply as a credit Securities of a series that have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such series of Securities; provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.

SECTION 3.11.          Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.

Not less than 45 days prior (unless a shorter period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate of the Company specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivery of or by crediting Securities of that series pursuant to Section 3.10 and will also deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Failure of the Company to timely deliver or cause to be delivered such Officers’ Certificate and Securities specified in this paragraph, if any, shall not constitute a default but shall constitute the election of the Company (i) that the mandatory sinking fund payment for
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such series due on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date shall be paid entirely in cash without the option to deliver or credit Securities of such series in respect thereof and (ii) that the Company will make no optional sinking fund payment with respect to such series as provided in this Section.

If the sinking fund payment or payments (mandatory or optional or both) to be made in cash on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date plus any unused balance of any preceding sinking fund payments made in cash shall exceed $100,000 (or the Dollar equivalent thereof based on the applicable Exchange Rate on the date of original issue of the applicable Securities) or a lesser sum if the Company shall so request with respect to the Securities of any particular series, such cash shall be applied on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date to the redemption of Securities of such series at the sinking fund redemption price together with accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption. If such amount shall be $100,000 (or the Dollar equivalent thereof as aforesaid) or less and the Company makes no such request then it shall be carried over until a sum in excess of $100,000 (or the Dollar equivalent thereof as aforesaid) is available. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date, the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.03 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.04. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 3.05, 3.06 and 3.07.

SECTION 3.12.          Optional Redemption Due to Changes in Tax Treatment.

(a)          Each series of Securities contained in one or more particular issues may be redeemed at the option of the Company or the Guarantor, in whole but not in part, upon not less than 15 days nor more than 60 days notice to each Holder and the Trustee at a Redemption Price equal to the principal amount thereof (except in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities which may be redeemed at the Redemption Price specified by the terms of such series of Securities) if as a result of any change in or amendment to the laws or any regulations or rulings promulgated thereunder of any jurisdiction (or of any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) or any change in the official application or official interpretation of such laws, regulations or rulings, or any change in the official application or official interpretation of, or any execution of or amendment to, any treaty or treaties affecting taxation to which such jurisdiction or such political subdivision or taxing authority (or such other jurisdiction or political subdivision or taxing authority) is a party, which change, execution or amendment becomes effective on or after the date specified for such series pursuant to the terms of the Security or Section 2.01(10) (or in the case of a successor Person to the Company or the Guarantor, the date on which such successor Person became such pursuant to Sections 5.01 and 5.02 or in the case of an assumption by the Guarantor or its Subsidiary of obligations of the Company under the Securities pursuant to Section 5.03, the date of such assumption) (1) the Guarantor (or such successor Person) is or would be required to pay Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities or the Guarantees on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date as described in Section 4.06 or (2) the Guarantor or any Subsidiary of the Guarantor is or would be required to deduct or withhold tax on any payment to the Company to enable the Company to make any payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest and, in each case, the payment of such Additional Amounts in the case of (1) above or such deductions or withholding in the case of (2) above cannot be avoided by the use of any reasonable measures available to the Company, the Guarantor or the Subsidiary as the case may be. Prior to the giving of notice of redemption of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture, the Company or the Guarantor will deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate, stating that the Company or the Guarantor is entitled to effect such redemption and setting forth in reasonable detail a statement of circumstances showing that the conditions precedent to the right of the Company or the Guarantor to redeem such Securities pursuant to this Section have been satisfied, and an Opinion of Counsel.

(b)          Further, if, as a result of a transaction described in Sections 5.01 or 5.03 of this Indenture, the Guarantor (or a Successor to the Company or the Guarantor) has been or would be required to pay any Additional Amounts as therein provided, each series of Securities may be redeemed at the option of such Person in whole, but not in part, upon not less than 30 or more than 60 days notice to each Holder and the Trustee at a Redemption Price equal to the principal amount thereof (except in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities which may be redeemed at the Redemption Price specified by the terms of such series of Securities); provided that in the case of an assumption pursuant to Section 5.01(b), no such redemption will be permitted if such Person is required to pay Additional Amounts immediately after such assumption; provided, further, that such Person shall not be required to use reasonable measures to avoid the obligation to pay Additional Amounts upon the assumption of the Company or
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the Guarantor’s obligations. (For the avoidance of doubt, a Person which assumes the obligations of the Company or the Guarantor pursuant to Sections 5.01 or 5.03 of this Indenture may make a redemption in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.12(a), if an applicable change in, execution of or amendment to any laws, regulations, rulings or treaties or official application or official interpretation of any law, regulations, rulings or treaties occurs after such assumption and was not formally announced or officially adopted prior to the assumption.) Prior to the giving of notice of redemption of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture, such Person shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate, stating that such Person is entitled to effect such redemption and setting forth in reasonable detail a statement of circumstances showing that the conditions precedent to the right of such Person to redeem such Securities pursuant to this Section have been satisfied, and an Opinion of Counsel.

ARTICLE IV

Covenants

SECTION 4.01.          Payment of Securities.

The Company shall pay the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of each series on the dates and in the manner provided in the Securities of such series and in this Indenture. Principal, premium, interest and any Additional Amounts shall be considered paid on the date due if the Paying Agent (other than the Company, the Guarantor or a Subsidiary) holds on that date money deposited by the Company or the Guarantor designated for and sufficient to pay all principal, premium, interest and any Additional Amounts then due.

The Company shall pay interest on overdue principal and premium (if any), at a rate equal to the then applicable interest rate on the Securities to the extent lawful; and it shall pay interest on overdue installments of interest and any Additional Amounts (without regard to any applicable grace period) at the same rate to the extent lawful.

SECTION 4.02.          Maintenance of Office or Agency.

The Company will maintain in each Place of Payment for any series of Securities an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee, the Registrar or the Paying Agent) where Securities of that series may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange, where Securities of that series may be presented for payment and where notices and demands to or upon the Company or the Guarantor in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served. Unless otherwise designated by the Company by written notice to the Trustee and the Guarantor, such office or agency shall be the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee in New York, New York. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment for Securities of any series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

SECTION 4.03.          SEC Reports.

If the Company or the Guarantor is subject to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall file with the Trustee, within 15 days after it files the same with the SEC, copies of the annual reports and the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Company or the
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Guarantor is required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. If this Indenture is qualified under the TIA, but not otherwise, the Company and the Guarantor shall also comply with the provisions of TIA Section 314(a). Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee shall be for informational purposes only, and the Trustee’s receipt thereof shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers’ Certificates or certificates delivered pursuant to Section 4.04).

SECTION 4.04.          Compliance Certificate.

Each of the Company and the Guarantor shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, a statement signed by an Officer of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, which need not constitute an Officers’ Certificate, complying with TIA Section 314(a) (4).

SECTION 4.05.          Corporate Existence.

Subject to Article V, the Company and the Guarantor shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence.

SECTION 4.06.          Additional Amounts.

Unless otherwise specified in any Board Resolution of the Company or the Guarantor establishing the terms of Securities of a series or the Guarantee relating thereto in accordance with Section 2.01, if any deduction or withholding for any present or future taxes or other governmental charges of the jurisdiction (or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) in which the Guarantor is resident, shall at any time be required by such jurisdiction (or any such political subdivision or taxing authority) in respect of any amounts to be paid by the Guarantor under the Guarantee, the Guarantor will pay to the Holder of a Security of such series such additional amounts as may be necessary in order that the net amounts paid to such Holder of such Security who, with respect to any such tax or other governmental charge, is not resident in such jurisdiction, after such deduction or withholding, shall be not less than the amounts specified in such Security to which such Holder is entitled (“Additional Amounts”); provided, however, that the Guarantor shall not be required to make any payment of Additional Amounts for or on account of:

(a)          any such tax or governmental charge imposed by the United States or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein;

(b)          any such tax or governmental charge which would not have been imposed but for the existence of any present or former connection between such Holder (or between a fiduciary, settler, beneficiary, member or shareholder of, or possessor of a power over, such Holder, if such Holder is an estate, trust, partnership or corporation) and the taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision or territory or possession thereof or area subject to its jurisdiction, including, without limitation, such Holder (or such fiduciary, settler, beneficiary, member, shareholder or possessor) being or having been a citizen or resident thereof or being or having been present or engaged in trade or business therein or having or having had a permanent establishment therein;

(c)          a withholding or deduction with respect to any payment of the principal of, or any interest on, any Security of such series to any Holder who is a fiduciary, partnership or other entity that is not the sole beneficial owner of such payment and such payment would be required by the laws of the jurisdiction (or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) to be included in the income for tax purposes of a beneficiary or settlor with respect to such fiduciary, member of such partnership or other entity, or a beneficial owner who would not have been entitled to such Additional Amounts had such beneficiary, settlor, member or beneficial owner been the Holder of such Security, provided the amount of the additional payments otherwise payable to such fiduciary, partnership or other entity will be reduced in proportion to the interest that the ultimate beneficial owners described above own in such Holder;
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(d)          any such tax or governmental charge which would not have been imposed but for the presentation of a Security of such series (where presentation is required) for payment on a date more than 30 days after the date on which such payment became due and payable or the date on which payment thereof is duly provided for, whichever occurs later;

(e)          any estate, inheritance, gift, sale, transfer, personal property or similar tax or other governmental charge;

(f)          any tax or other governmental charge which is payable otherwise than by withholding from payments of (or in respect of) principal of, or any interest on, the Securities of such series;

(g)          any tax or other governmental charge that is imposed or withheld by reason of (i) the failure to comply by the Holder or the beneficial owner of the Security of such series with a request of the Company or the Guarantor addressed to the Holder to provide information concerning the nationality, residence or identity of the Holder or such beneficial owner or (ii) the failure by a Holder to make any declaration (of nonresidence or other similar claim for exemption) or satisfy any information or reporting requirement which is required or imposed by a statute, treaty, regulation or administrative practice of the taxing jurisdiction as a precondition to exemption from all or part of such tax or other governmental charge;

(h)          a withholding or deduction imposed on a payment to an individual that is required to be made pursuant to any law implementing or complying with, or introduced in order to conform to European Council Directive 2003/48/EC or any other Directive implementing the conclusions of the ECOFIN Council meeting of November 26 and 27, 2000 on the taxation of savings income;

(i)          a withholding or deduction imposed on a payment to a Holder or beneficial owner who could have avoided such withholding or deduction by presenting its debt securities to another Paying Agent; or

(j)          any combination of items above.

The foregoing provisions shall apply mutatis mutandis to any withholding or deduction for or on account of any present or future taxes or governmental charges of whatever nature of any jurisdiction in which any successor Person to the Guarantor is resident, or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein; provided, however, that such payment of additional amounts may be subject to such further exceptions as may be established in the terms of such Securities established as contemplated by Section 2.01. Subject to the foregoing provisions, whenever in this Indenture there is mentioned, in any context, the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on, or in respect of, any Security of any series or payment of any related coupon or the net proceeds received on the sale or exchange of any Security of any series, such mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payment of Additional Amounts provided for in this Section to the extent that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be payable in respect thereof pursuant to the provisions of this Section and express mention of the payment of Additional Amounts (if applicable) in any provisions hereof shall not be construed as excluding Additional Amounts in those provisions hereof where such express mention is not made.

If the terms of the Securities of a series established as contemplated by Section 2.01 do not specify that Additional Amounts pursuant to the Section will not be payable by the Guarantor, at least 10 days prior to the first Interest Payment Date with respect to that series of Securities (or if the Securities of that series will not bear interest prior to Maturity, the first day on which a payment of principal and any premium is made), and at least 10 days prior to each date of payment of principal and any premium or interest if there has been any change with respect to the matters set forth in the below-mentioned Officers’ Certificate, the Issuer will furnish the Trustee and the Issuer’s principal Paying Agent or Paying Agents, if other than the Trustee, with an Officers’ Certificate instructing the Trustee and such Paying Agent or Paying Agents whether such payment of principal of and any premium or interest on the Securities of that series shall be made to Holders of Securities of that series or any related coupons without withholding for or on account of any tax or other governmental charge described in the Securities of that series. If any such withholding shall be required, then such Officers’ Certificate shall specify by country the amount, if any, required to be withheld on such payments to such Holders of Securities or coupons and the Guarantor will pay to the Trustee or such Paying Agent or Paying Agents the Additional Amounts required by this Section.
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ARTICLE V

Successors

SECTION 5.01.          Limitations on Mergers and Consolidations.

(a)          Neither the Company nor any Guarantor shall, in any transaction or series of transactions, consolidate with or merge into any Person, or sell, lease, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to any Person (other than a consolidation or merger of the Company and the Guarantor or a sale, lease, conveyance, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to the Guarantor or of the Guarantor to the Company), unless:


(1)
either (a) the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall be the continuing Person or (b) the Person (if other than the Company or the Guarantor) formed by such consolidation or into which the Company or the Guarantor is merged, or to which such sale, lease, conveyance, transfer or other disposition shall be made (collectively, the “Successor”), expressly assumes by supplemental indenture, in the case of the Company, the due and punctual payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities and the performance of the Company’s covenants and obligations under this Indenture and the Securities, or, in the case of the Guarantor, the performance of the Guarantee and the Guarantor’s covenants and obligations under this Indenture and the Securities;


(2)
the continuing Person is organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States and, if such continuing Person is not organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States, such continuing Person shall agree in a supplemental indenture to be bound by a covenant comparable to that described in Section 4.06 with respect to taxes imposed in the continuing Person’s jurisdiction of residence, and such continuing Person shall benefit from a redemption option comparable to that described in Article III in the event of changes in taxes in such jurisdiction after the date of such transaction, in each case in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee;


(3)
the Company or such Guarantor, as the case may be, delivers to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate, stating that the transaction and such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture; and


(4)
immediately after giving effect to such a transaction or transactions, no Event of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, has occurred and is continuing.

(b)          In the event that any Person shall become the owner of 100% of the voting stock of any Guarantor, such Person may, but is not obligated to, assume the performance of the Guarantor’s covenants and obligations under this Indenture, the Securities and the Guarantee (a “Voluntary Assumption”); provided that the requirements of Section 5.03(a)(1), (2) and (3) are satisfied, such requirements to be read as if such Person is the Substituted Obligor.

SECTION 5.02.          Successor Person Substituted.

Upon any consolidation or merger or similar transaction of the Company or a Guarantor, as the case may be, or in the case of an asset, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or such Guarantor or a Voluntary Assumption in accordance with Section 5.01, the Successor formed by such consolidation or into or with which the Company or such Guarantor is merged or to which such sale, lease, conveyance, transfer or other disposition is made or, in the case of a Voluntary Assumption, the assuming Person shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of the Company or such Guarantor, as the case may be, under this Indenture and the Securities with the same effect as if such Successor had been named as the Company or such Guarantor, as the case may be, herein and the predecessor Company or Guarantor, in the
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case of an asset, transfer or other disposition, shall be released from all obligations under this Indenture, the Securities and, in the case of a Guarantor, the Guarantee.

SECTION 5.03.          Substitution of Obligor.

(a)          The Company and the Guarantor may at any time, without the consent of any Holders, arrange for and cause the substitution of the Company as the principal obligor by the Guarantor (including any successor Guarantor pursuant to Section 5.04) or any subsidiary of the Guarantor (the “Substituted Obligor”) in respect of any series of Securities, if, immediately after giving effect to such transaction or transactions, no Event of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, has occurred and is continuing; and subject to the conditions that:


(1)
the Substituted Obligor executes a supplemental indenture, in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee, in which it agrees to be bound by the terms of this Indenture, with any consequential amendments that the Trustee may deem appropriate, as fully as if the Substituted Obligor had been named in this Indenture and on the Securities of such series in place of the Company;


(2)
the Substituted Obligor is organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States and, if such Substituted Obligor is not organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States, such Substituted Obligor shall agree in such supplemental indenture to be bound by a covenant comparable to that described in Section 4.06 with respect to taxes imposed in the Substituted Obligor’s jurisdiction of residence, and such Substituted Obligor shall benefit from a redemption option comparable to that described in Article III in the event of changes in taxes in such jurisdiction after the date of such substitution, in each case in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee; and


(3)
unless the Substituted Obligor is the Guarantor, the obligations of the Substituted Obligor under the Indenture and the Securities of such series are guaranteed by the Guarantor or a Person assuming the Guarantor’s role pursuant to a Voluntary Assumption on the same terms as the Guarantee of the Company’s obligations in respect of such Securities immediately prior to such substitution.

(b)          Upon the substitution of the Company or a Substituted Obligor, as applicable, in accordance with the terms of this Section, the Company or the Substituted Obligor, as applicable, will have no further obligations in respect of the relevant series of Securities.

SECTION 5.04.          Successor Person Substituted.

Upon any substitution of obligor in accordance with Section 5.03, the Substituted Obligor shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of the Company under this Indenture and the Securities with the same effect as if such Substituted Obligor had been named as the Company herein. Any such substitution shall operate to release the Company (including any successor Company pursuant to Section 5.02) from any and all obligations under this Indenture.

ARTICLE VI

Defaults and Remedies

SECTION 6.01.          Events of Default.

Unless either inapplicable to a particular series or specifically deleted or modified in or pursuant to the supplemental indenture or Board Resolution establishing such series of Securities or in the form of Security for such series, an “Event of Default,” wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any series, occurs if:


(1)
there is a default in the payment of interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security of that series when the same becomes due and payable and such default continues for a
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period of 30 days;


(2)
there is a default in the payment of (A) the principal of any Security of that series at its Maturity or (B) premium (if any) on any Security of that series when the same becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of 14 days;


(3)
the Company or the Guarantor fails to redeem or purchase any Security of that series when required pursuant to a Notice of Redemption, and such default continues for a period of 14 days;


(4)
the Company or the Guarantor fails to comply with any of its other covenants or agreements in, or provisions of, the Securities of such series or this Indenture (other than an agreement, covenant or provision that has expressly been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more series of Securities other than that series) which shall not have been remedied within the specified period after written notice, as specified in the last paragraph of this Section 6.01;


(5)
the Company or the Guarantor pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:


(A)
commences a voluntary case,


(B)
consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case,


(C)
consents to the appointment of a Bankruptcy Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, or


(D)
makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors;


(6)
a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that remains unstayed and in effect for 90 days and that:


(A)
is for relief against the Company or the Guarantor as debtor in an involuntary case,


(B)
appoints a Bankruptcy Custodian of the Company or the Guarantor or a Bankruptcy Custodian for all or substantially all of the property of the Company or the Guarantor, or


(C)
orders the liquidation of the Company or the Guarantor; or


(7)
any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that series occurs.

The term “Bankruptcy Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

The Trustee shall not be deemed to know or have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a Default or Event of Default is received by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Securities and this Indenture or, if such Default or Event of Default is with respect to provisions (1), (2) or (3) above, a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof.

When a Default is cured, it ceases.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 6.01, if the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security is payable in a currency or currencies other than Dollars and such currency or currencies are not available to the Company or a Guarantor for making payment thereof due to the imposition of exchange controls or other circumstances beyond the control of the Company or such Guarantor (a “Conversion Event”), the Company and the Guarantor will be entitled to satisfy its obligations to Holders of the Securities by making such payment in Dollars in an amount equal to the Dollar equivalent of the
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amount payable in such other currency, as determined by the Company or the Guarantor making such payment, as the case may be, by reference to the Exchange Rate on the date of such payment, or, if such rate is not then available, on the basis of the most recently available Exchange Rate. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 6.01, any payment made under such circumstances in Dollars where the required payment is in a currency other than Dollars will not constitute an Event of Default under this Indenture.

Promptly after the occurrence of a Conversion Event, the Company or the Guarantor shall give written notice thereof to the Trustee; and the Trustee, promptly after receipt of such notice, shall give notice thereof in the manner provided in Section 12.02 to the Holders. Promptly after the making of any payment in Dollars as a result of a Conversion Event, the Company or the Guarantor making such payment, as the case may be, shall give notice in the manner provided in Section 12.02 to the Holders, setting forth the applicable Exchange Rate and describing the calculation of such payments.

A Default under clause (4) or (7) of this Section 6.01 is not an Event of Default until the Trustee notifies the Company and the Guarantor, or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of the series affected by such Default (or, in the case of a Default under clause (4) of this Section 6.01, if outstanding Securities of other series are affected by such Default, then at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities so affected) notify the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee, of the Default, and the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, fails to cure the Default within 90 days after receipt of the notice; provided that no such notice may be given with respect to any action taken, and reported publicly or to the Holders, more than two years prior to such notice. The notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a “Notice of Default.”

SECTION 6.02.          Acceleration.

If an Event of Default with respect to any Securities of any series at the time outstanding (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of Section 6.01) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company and the Guarantor, or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of the series affected by such Event of Default by notice to the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee, may declare the principal of (or, if any such Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) and all accrued and unpaid interest on all then outstanding Securities of such series to be due and payable. Upon any such declaration, the amounts due and payable on the Securities shall be due and payable immediately. If an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of Section 6.01 hereof occurs, such amounts shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration, notice or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of the series affected by such Event of Default by written notice to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration and its consequences (other than nonpayment of principal of or premium, interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities) if the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if all existing Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series have been cured or waived, except nonpayment of principal, premium, interest or any Additional Amounts that have become due solely because of the acceleration.

SECTION 6.03.          Other Remedies.

If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Securities or this Indenture.

The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. All remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.
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SECTION 6.04.          Waiver of Defaults.

Subject to Sections 6.07 and 9.02, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of any series or of all series (acting as one class) by notice to the Trustee may waive an existing or past Default or Event of Default with respect to such series or all series, as the case may be, and its consequences (including waivers obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for Securities of such series or all series or a solicitation of consents in respect of Securities of such series or all series; provided that in each case such offer or solicitation is made to all Holders of then outstanding Securities of such series or all series (but the terms of such offer or solicitation may vary from series to series)), except (1) a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or Additional Amounts with respect to any Security or (2) a continued Default in respect of a provision that under Section 9.02 cannot be amended or supplemented without the consent of each Holder affected. Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

SECTION 6.05.          Control by Majority.

With respect to Securities of any series, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of such series may direct in writing the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it relating to or arising under an Event of Default described in clause (1), (2), (3) or (7) of Section 6.01, and with respect to all Securities, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of all the then outstanding Securities affected may direct in writing the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it not relating to or arising under such an Event of Default. However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with applicable law or this Indenture, that the Trustee determines may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of other Holders, or that may involve the Trustee in personal liability; provided, however, that the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction. Prior to taking any action hereunder, the Trustee shall be entitled to indemnification satisfactory to it in its sole discretion from Holders directing the Trustee against all losses and expenses caused by taking or not taking such action.

SECTION 6.06.          Limitations on Suits.

Subject to Section 6.07 hereof, a Holder of a Security of any series may pursue a remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Securities of such series only if:


(1)
the Holder gives to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to such series;


(2)
the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of such series make a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy;


(3)
such Holder or Holders offer to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense;


(4)
the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer of indemnity; and


(5)
during such 60-day period the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of that series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.

A Holder may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder.
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SECTION 6.07.          Rights of Holders to Receive Payment.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder of a Security to receive payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Security, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, is absolute and unconditional and shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder.

SECTION 6.08.          Collection Suit by Trustee.

If an Event of Default specified in clause (1) or (2) of Section 6.01 hereof occurs and is continuing, the Trustee is authorized to recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company or the Guarantor for the amount of principal, premium (if any), interest and any Additional Amounts remaining unpaid on the Securities of the series affected by the Event of Default, and interest on overdue principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent lawful, interest on overdue interest, and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

SECTION 6.09.          Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

The Trustee is authorized to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents and to take such actions, including participating as a member, voting or otherwise, of any committee of creditors, as may be necessary or advisable to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and the Holders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company or the Guarantor or their respective creditors or properties and shall be entitled and empowered to collect, receive and distribute any money or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and any Bankruptcy Custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07. To the extent that the payment of any such compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 out of the estate in any such proceeding, shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions, dividends, money, securities and other properties which the Holders of the Securities may be entitled to receive in such proceeding whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

SECTION 6.10.          Priorities.

If the Trustee collects any money pursuant to this Article VI, it shall, subject to Article XI, pay out the money in the following order:

First: to the Trustee for amounts due under Section 7.07;

Second: to Holders for amounts due and unpaid on the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, for principal, premium (if any), interest and Additional Amounts ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal, premium (if any), interest and any Additional Amounts, respectively; and

Third: to the Company.
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The Trustee, upon prior written notice to the Company, may fix record dates and payment dates for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Article VI.

To the fullest extent allowed under applicable law, if for the purpose of obtaining a judgment against the Company or a Guarantor in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of any series (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the “Judgment Currency”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in New York, New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the Business Day in New York, New York next preceding that on which final judgment is given. Neither the Company, the Guarantor nor the Trustee shall be liable for any shortfall nor shall it benefit from any windfall in payments to Holders of Securities under this Section 6.10 caused by a change in exchange rates between the time the amount of a judgment against it is calculated as above and the time the Trustee converts the Judgment Currency into the Required Currency to make payments under this Section 6.10 to Holders of Securities, but payment of such judgment shall discharge all amounts owed by the Company and the Guarantor on the claim or claims underlying such judgment.

SECTION 6.11.          Undertaking for Costs.

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as a trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section 6.11 does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 6.07, or a suit by a Holder or Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of any series.

ARTICLE VII

Trustee

SECTION 7.01.          Duties of Trustee.

(a)          If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in such exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

(b)          Except during the continuance of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series:


(1)
the Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and


(2)
in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. However, the Trustee shall examine such certificates and opinions to determine whether, on their face, they appear to conform to the requirements of this Indenture.

(c)          The Trustee may not be relieved from liabilities for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:


(1)
this paragraph does not limit the effect of Section 7.01(b);


(2)
the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;
28

and


(3)
the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.02 and 6.05.

(d)          Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to the provisions of this Section 7.01.

(e)          No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or incur any liability, if it shall have reasonable grounds to believe that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

(f)          Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. All money received by the Trustee shall, until applied as herein provided, be held in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities.

(g)          Every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section and to the provisions of the TIA.

(h)          The Trustee may engage in other transactions; provided, however, that if it acquires any conflicting interest, it must either eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to the SEC for permission to continue or resign.

SECTION 7.02.          Rights of Trustee.

(a)          The Trustee may conclusively rely on any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.

(b)          Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require instruction, or an Officers’ Certificate to be provided. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such instruction, or Officers’ Certificate.

(c)          The Trustee may consult with counsel, and the advice or opinion of counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture and Securities shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.

(d)          The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care.

(e)          The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers conferred; provided, however, that the Trustee’s consent does not constitute wilful misconduct or negligence.

(f)          Unless otherwise specifically provided in this Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from the Company or the Guarantor shall be sufficient if signed by an Officer of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be.

(g)          The Trustee shall not be obligated to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document.

(h)          The Trustee may request that the Company deliver an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture, which Officers’ Certificate may be signed by any person authorized to sign an Officers’ Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized in any such certificate previously delivered and not superseded.
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(i)          In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including, but not limited to, lost profits, even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

(j)          In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder because of circumstances beyond its control, including, but not limited to, acts of God, flood, war (whether declared or undeclared), terrorism, fire, riot, epidemics, embargo, governmental action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations, governmental action or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of the services contemplated by this Agreement.

SECTION 7.03.          May Hold Securities.

The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company, the Guarantor or any of their respective Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights and duties. However, the Trustee is subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11.

SECTION 7.04.          Trustee’s Disclaimer.

The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the Securities or any money paid to the Company or the Guarantor or upon the Company’s or the Guarantor’s direction under any provision hereof, it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee and it shall not be responsible for any statement or recital herein or any statement in the Securities other than its certificate of authentication.

SECTION 7.05.          Notice of Defaults.

If a Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series occurs and is continuing and written notice of such Default or Event of Default is provided to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall deliver to Holders of Securities of such series a notice of the Default or Event of Default within 90 days after it occurs.

SECTION 7.06.          Reports by Trustee to Holders.

Within 60 days after each April 15 of each year after the execution of this Indenture, the Trustee shall mail to Holders of a series, the Guarantor and the Company a brief report dated as of such reporting date that complies with TIA Section 313(a); provided, however, that if no event described in TIA Section 313(a) has occurred within the twelve months preceding the reporting date with respect to a series, no report need be transmitted to Holders of such series. The Trustee also shall comply with TIA Section 313(b). The Trustee shall also transmit by mail or file by such method as may be required all reports if and as required by TIA Sections 313(c) and 313(d).

A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Holders of a series of Securities shall be filed with the SEC and each securities exchange, if any, on which the Securities of such series are listed. The Company shall notify the Trustee if and when any series of Securities is listed on any securities exchange.

SECTION 7.07.          Compensation and Indemnity.

The Company agrees to pay to the Trustee for its acceptance of this Indenture and services hereunder such compensation as the Company and the Trustee shall from time to time agree in writing. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company agrees to reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable disbursements, advances and expenses incurred by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel.
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The Company hereby indemnifies the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee against any and all loss, liability, damage, claim or expense, including taxes (other than taxes based upon, measured by or determined by the income of the Trustee), incurred by it arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its duties under this Indenture, except as set forth in the next following paragraph. The Trustee shall notify the Company and the Guarantor promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent.

The Company shall not be obligated to reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee through the Trustee’s negligence, bad faith, willful misconduct, default, breach of duty or breach of trust.

To secure the payment obligations of the Company in this Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of any series. Such lien and the Company’s obligations under this Section 7.07 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(5) or (6) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

SECTION 7.08.          Replacement of Trustee.

A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section 7.08.

The Trustee may resign and be discharged at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by so notifying the Company and the Guarantor. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of any series may remove the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series by so notifying the Trustee, the Company and the Guarantors. The Company may remove the Trustee if:


(1)
the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10;


(2)
the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;


(3)
a Bankruptcy Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or


(4)
the Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting.

If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, with respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series). Within one year after the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of such series then outstanding may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.

If a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series does not take office within 30 days after the retiring or removed Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring or removed Trustee, the Company, the Guarantor or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of such series may petition any
31

court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

If the Trustee with respect to the Securities of a series fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Holder of Securities of such series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

In case of the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, each such successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee, to the Company and to the Guarantor. Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the retiring Trustee under this Indenture. The successor Trustee shall deliver a notice of its succession to Holders. The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee, subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.07.

In case of the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the Guarantor, the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto in which each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and that (1) shall confer to each successor Trustee all the rights, powers and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall confirm that all the rights, powers and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee. Nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust, and each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee. Upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates. On request of the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall transfer to such successor Trustee all property held by such retiring Trustee as Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates. Such retiring Trustee shall, however, have the right to deduct its unpaid fees and expenses, including attorneys’ fees.

Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee or Trustees pursuant to this Section 7.08, the obligations of the Company under Section 7.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee or Trustees.

SECTION 7.09.          Successor Trustee by Merger, etc.

Subject to Section 7.10, if the Trustee consolidates, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee; provided, however, that in the case of a transfer of all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to another corporation, the transferee corporation expressly assumes all of the Trustee’s liabilities hereunder.

In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated; and in case at that time any of the Securities shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor to the Trustee; and in all such cases such certificates shall have the full force which it is anywhere in the Securities or in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Trustee shall have.
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SECTION 7.10.          Eligibility; Disqualification.

There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be a corporation or banking association organized and doing business under the laws of the United States, any State thereof or the District of Columbia and authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust power, shall be subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State (or the District of Columbia) authority and shall have, or be a subsidiary of a bank or bank holding company having, a combined capital and surplus of at least $50 million as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.

The Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA Sections 310(a)(1), 310(a)(2) and 310(a)(5). The Trustee is subject to and shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 310(b) during the period of time required by this Indenture.

Nothing in this Indenture shall prevent the Trustee from filing with the SEC the application referred to in the penultimate paragraph of TIA Section 310(b).

SECTION 7.11.          Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company or a Guarantor.

The Trustee is subject to and shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.

ARTICLE VIII

Discharge of Indenture

SECTION 8.01.          Termination of the Company’s and the Guarantor’s Obligations.

(a)          This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect with respect to the Securities of a series (except that the Company’s obligations under Section 7.07, the Trustee’s and Paying Agent’s obligations under Section 8.03 and the rights, powers, protections and privileges accorded the Trustee under Article VII shall survive), and the Trustee and the Guarantor, on demand of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series, when:


(1)
either:

(A)          all outstanding Securities of such series theretofore authenticated and issued (other than destroyed, lost or stolen Securities that have been replaced or paid) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

(B)          all outstanding Securities of such series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation:


(i)
have become due and payable, or


(ii)
will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or


(iii)
are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company,

and, in the case of clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above, the Company or a Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as funds (immediately available to the Holders in the case of clause (i)) in trust for such purpose (x) cash in an amount, or (y) Government Obligations, maturing as to principal and interest at such times and in such amounts as will ensure the availability of cash in an amount or (z) a combination thereof,
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which will be sufficient, as evidenced (in the case of clauses (y) and (z)) by a letter from a nationally recognized investment bank, commercial bank or firm of independent public accountants in the United States in customary form delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the Securities of such series for principal and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or for principal, premium, if any, and interest to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be; or

(C)          the Company and the Guarantor have properly fulfilled such other means of satisfaction and discharge as is specified, as contemplated by Section 2.01, to be applicable to the Securities of such series;


(2)
the Company or the Guarantor has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable by them hereunder with respect to the Securities of such series; and


(3)
the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series have been complied with together with an Opinion of Counsel to the same effect.

(b)          Unless this Section 8.01(b) is specified as not being applicable to Securities of a series as contemplated by Section 2.01, the Company may, at its option, terminate certain of its and the Guarantors’ respective obligations under this Indenture (“covenant defeasance”) with respect to the Securities of a series if:


(1)
the Company or a Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for and dedicated solely to the benefit of the Holders of Securities of such series, (i) money in the currency in which payment of the Securities of such series is to be made in an amount, or (ii) Government Obligations with respect to such series, maturing as to principal and interest at such times and in such amounts as will ensure the availability of money in the currency in which payment of the Securities of such series is to be made in an amount or (iii) a combination thereof, that is sufficient, as evidenced (in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii)) by a letter from a nationally recognized investment bank, commercial bank or firm of independent public accountants in the United States in customary form delivered to the Trustee, to pay the principal of and premium (if any) and interest on all Securities of such series on each date that such principal, premium (if any) or interest is due and payable and (at the Stated Maturity thereof or upon redemption as provided in Section 8.01(e)) to pay all other sums payable by it hereunder; provided that the Trustee shall have been irrevocably instructed to apply such money and/or the proceeds of such Government Obligations to the payment of said principal, premium (if any) and interest with respect to the Securities of such series as the same shall become due;


(2)
the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent with respect to such covenant defeasance of the Securities of such series have been complied with, and an Opinion of Counsel to the same effect;


(3)
the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel from a nationally recognized counsel in the United States acceptable to the Trustee or a tax ruling to the effect that the Holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as a result of the Company’s exercise of its option under this Section 8.01(b) and will be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such option had not been exercised; and


(4)
the Company and the Guarantors have complied with any additional conditions specified pursuant to Section 2.01 to be applicable to the discharge of Securities of such series pursuant to this Section 8.01.

In such event, this Indenture shall cease to be of further effect (except as set forth in this paragraph), and the Trustee and the Guarantor, on demand of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
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satisfaction and discharge under this Indenture. However, the Company’s and the Guarantors’ respective obligations in Sections 2.05, 2.06, 2.07, 2.08, 2.09, 4.01, 4.02, 7.07, 7.08, 8.04 and 10.01, the Trustee’s and Paying Agent’s obligations in Section 8.03 and the rights, powers, protections and privileges accorded the Trustee under Article VII shall survive until all Securities of such series are no longer outstanding. Thereafter, only the Company’s obligations in Section 7.07 and the Trustee’s and Paying Agent’s obligations in Section 8.03 shall survive with respect to Securities of such series.

After such irrevocable deposit made pursuant to this Section 8.01(b) and satisfaction of the other conditions set forth herein, the Trustee upon request shall acknowledge in writing the discharge of the Company’s and the Guarantors’ obligations under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series except for those surviving obligations specified above.

In order to have money available on a payment date to pay principal of or premium (if any) or interest on the Securities, the Government Obligations shall be payable as to principal or interest on or before such payment date in such amounts as will provide the necessary money. Government Obligations shall not be callable at the issuer’s option.

(c)          If the Company and the Guarantors have previously complied or are concurrently complying with Section 8.01(b) (other than any additional conditions specified pursuant to Section 2.01 that are expressly applicable only to covenant defeasance) with respect to Securities of a series, then, unless this Section 8.01(c) is specified as not being applicable to Securities of such series as contemplated by Section 2.01, the Company may elect that its and the Guarantors’ respective obligations to make payments with respect to Securities of such series be discharged (“legal defeasance”), if:


(1)
no Default or Event of Default under clauses (5) and (6) of Section 6.01 hereof shall have occurred at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of deposit contemplated by Section 8.01(b) (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period);


(2)
unless otherwise specified with respect to Securities of such series as contemplated by Section 2.01, the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel from a nationally recognized counsel in the United States acceptable to the Trustee to the effect referred to in Section 8.01(b)(3) with respect to such legal defeasance, which opinion is based on (i) a private ruling of the Internal Revenue Service addressed to the Company, (ii) a published ruling of the Internal Revenue Service pertaining to a comparable form of transaction or (iii) a change in the applicable federal income tax law (including regulations) after the date of this Indenture;


(3)
the Company and the Guarantors have complied with any other conditions specified pursuant to Section 2.01 to be applicable to the legal defeasance of Securities of such series pursuant to this Section 8.01(c); and


(4)
the Company has delivered to the Trustee a Company Request requesting such legal defeasance of the Securities of such series and an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent with respect to such legal defeasance of the Securities of such series have been complied with, together with an Opinion of Counsel to the same effect.

In such event, the Company and the Guarantor will be discharged from their respective obligations under this Indenture and the Securities of such series to pay the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series, the Company’s and the Guarantor’s respective obligations under Sections 4.01, 4.02 and 10.01 shall terminate with respect to such Securities, and the entire indebtedness of the Company evidenced by such Securities and of the Guarantor evidenced by the related Guarantees shall be deemed paid and discharged.

(d)          If and to the extent additional or alternative means of satisfaction, discharge or defeasance of Securities of a series are specified to be applicable to such series as contemplated by Section 2.01, each of the
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Company and the Guarantor may terminate any or all of its obligations under this Indenture with respect to Securities of a series and any or all of its obligations under the Securities of such series if it fulfills such other means of satisfaction and discharge as may be so specified, as contemplated by Section 2.01, to be applicable to the Securities of such series.

(e)          If Securities of any series subject to subsections (a), (b), (c) or (d) of this Section 8.01 are to be redeemed prior to their Stated Maturity, whether pursuant to any optional redemption provisions or in accordance with any mandatory or optional sinking fund provisions, the terms of the applicable trust arrangement shall provide for such redemption, and the Company shall make such arrangements as are reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company.

SECTION 8.02.          Application of Trust Money.

The Trustee or a trustee satisfactory to the Trustee and the Company shall hold in trust money or Government Obligations deposited with it pursuant to Section 8.01 hereof. It shall apply the deposited money and the money from Government Obligations through the Paying Agent and in accordance with this Indenture to the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of the series with respect to which the deposit was made. Money and securities held in trust are not subject to Article XI.

SECTION 8.03.          Repayment to Company or Guarantor.

The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall promptly pay to the Company or the Guarantor any excess money or Government Obligations (or proceeds therefrom) held by them at any time upon the written request of the Company.

Subject to the requirements of any applicable abandoned property laws, the Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon written request any money held by them for the payment of principal, premium (if any), interest or any Additional Amounts that remain unclaimed for two years after the date upon which such payment shall have become due. After payment to the Company, Holders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another Person, and all liability of the Trustee and the Paying Agent with respect to such money shall cease.

SECTION 8.04.          Reinstatement.

If the Trustee or the Paying Agent is unable to apply any money or Government Obligations deposited with respect to Securities of any series in accordance with Section 8.01 by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the obligations of the Company and the Guarantor under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series and under the Securities of such series shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.01 until such time as the Trustee or the Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money or Government Obligations in accordance with Section 8.01; provided, however, that if the Company or the Guarantor has made any payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Securities because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money or Government Obligations held by the Trustee or the Paying Agent.

ARTICLE IX

Supplemental Indentures and Amendments

SECTION 9.01.          Without Consent of Holders.

The Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities or waive any provision hereof or thereof without the consent of any Holder:
36


(1)
to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency;


(2)
to cause any entity to assume the obligations of the Company or the Guarantor in compliance with Article V;


(3)
to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities, provided, however, that the uncertificated Securities are issued in a registered form for purposes of Section 163(f) of the Code or in a manner such that such uncertificated Securities are described in Section 163(f)(2)(B) of the Code;


(4)
to provide any security for, or to add any guarantees of or additional obligors on, any series of Securities or the related Guarantees;


(5)
to comply with any requirement in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA;


(6)
to add to the covenants of the Company or the Guarantor for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series), or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company or the Guarantor;


(7)
to add any additional Events of Default with respect to all or any series of the Securities (and, if any Event of Default is applicable to less than all series of Securities, specifying the series to which such Event of Default is applicable);


(8)
to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture; provided that any such change or elimination shall become effective only when there is no outstanding Security of any series created prior to the execution of such amendment or supplemental indenture that is adversely affected in any material respect by such change in or elimination of such provision;


(9)
to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by Section 2.01;


(10)
to supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance and discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Section 8.01; provided, however, that any such action shall not adversely affect the interest of the Holders of Securities of such series or any other series of Securities in any material respect;


(11)
to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 7.08; or


(12)
to modify this Indenture in any manner that does not adversely affect the rights of Holders of any series affected by such modification in any material respect.

Upon the request of the Company and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in Section 9.06, the Trustee shall, subject to Section 9.06, join with the Company and the Guarantor in the execution of any supplemental indenture authorized or permitted by the terms of this Indenture and make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained.

SECTION 9.02.          With Consent of Holders.

Except as provided below in this Section 9.02, the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture with the written consent (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for Securities of any one or more series or all series or a solicitation of consents in respect of
37

Securities of any one or more series or all series; provided that in each case such offer or solicitation is made to all Holders of then outstanding Securities of each such series (but the terms of such offer or solicitation may vary from series to series)) of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of all series affected by such amendment or supplement (acting as one class).

Upon the request of the Company and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of the Holders as aforesaid, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in Section 9.06, the Trustee shall, subject to Section 9.06, join with the Company and the Guarantor in the execution of such amendment or supplemental indenture.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of one or more series or of all series may waive compliance in a particular instance by the Company or the Guarantor with any provision of this Indenture with respect to Securities of such series (including waivers obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for Securities of such series or a solicitation of consents in respect of Securities of such series; provided that in each case such offer or solicitation is made to all Holders of then outstanding Securities of such series (but the terms of such offer or solicitation may vary from series to series)).

However, without the consent of each Holder affected, an amendment, supplement or waiver relating to the outstanding Securities of a particular series under this Section 9.02 may not:


(1)
reduce the amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;


(2)
reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest, including default interest, on any Security;


(3)
reduce the principal of any Security or change its Stated Maturity;


(4)
reduce the premium, if any, payable upon the redemption of any Security or change the time at which any Security may or shall be redeemed;


(5)
change any obligation of the Guarantor to pay Additional Amounts with respect to any Security;


(6)
change the coin or currency or currencies (including composite currencies) in which any Security, or any premium, interest or Additional Amounts with respect thereto, are payable;


(7)
impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security pursuant to Sections 6.07 and 6.08, except as limited by Section 6.06;


(8)
make any change in the percentage of principal amount of Securities necessary to waive compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture pursuant to Section 6.04 or 6.07 or make any change in this sentence of Section 9.02;


(9)
modify the provisions in this Indenture with respect to the subordination of any Security in a manner adverse to the rights of Holders in any material respect; or


(10)
waive a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities.
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A supplemental indenture that changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

The right of any Holder to participate in any consent required or sought pursuant to any provision of this Indenture (and the obligation of the Company or the Guarantor to obtain any such consent otherwise required from such Holder) may be subject to the requirement that such Holder shall have been the Holder of record of any Securities with respect to which such consent is required or sought as of a date identified by the Company or the Guarantor in a notice furnished to Holders in accordance with the terms of this Indenture.

After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.02 becomes effective, the Company shall deliver to the Holders of each Security affected thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure of the Company to deliver such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amendment, supplement or waiver.

SECTION 9.03.          Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.

Every amendment or supplement to this Indenture or the Securities shall comply in form and substance with the TIA as then in effect.

SECTION 9.04.          Revocation and Effect of Consents.

Until an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to his or her Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives written notice of revocation before a date and time therefor identified by the Company or the Guarantor in a notice furnished to such Holder in accordance with the terms of this Indenture or, if no such date and time shall be identified, the date the amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective. An amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective in accordance with its terms and thereafter binds every Holder.

The Company or the Guarantor may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date (which need not comply with TIA Section 316(c)) for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver or to take any other action under this Indenture. If a record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the provisions of the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to consent to such amendment, supplement or waiver or to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No consent shall be valid or effective for more than 90 days after such record date unless consents from Holders of the principal amount of Securities required hereunder for such amendment or waiver to be effective shall have also been given and not revoked within such 90-day period.

After an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind every Holder, unless it is of the type described in any of clauses (1) through (8) of Section 9.02 hereof. In such case, the amendment, supplement or waiver shall bind each Holder who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security.

SECTION 9.05.          Notation on or Exchange of Securities.

If an amendment or supplement changes the terms of an outstanding Security, the Company may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Trustee. The Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Security at the request of the Company regarding the changed terms and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Company so determines, the Company, in exchange for the Security, shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security that reflects the changed terms. Failure to make the appropriate notation or to issue a new Security shall not affect the validity of such amendment or supplement.
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Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any amendment or supplement may, and shall if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such amendment or supplement.

SECTION 9.06.          Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc.

The Trustee shall sign any amendment or supplement authorized pursuant to this Article if the amendment or supplement does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee. If it does, the Trustee may, but need not, sign it. In signing or refusing to sign such amendment or supplement, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and, subject to Section 7.01 hereof, shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that such amendment or supplement is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and that it will be valid and binding and enforceable upon the Company and the Guarantor in accordance with its terms.

ARTICLE X

Guarantee

SECTION 10.01.          Guarantee.

The Guarantor, hereby unconditionally guarantees to the Holders from time to time of the Securities (a) the full and prompt payment of the principal of and any premium on any Security when and as the same shall become due, whether at the Stated Maturity thereof, by acceleration, redemption or otherwise, and (b) the full and prompt payment of any interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security when and as the same shall become due, subject in each case to any applicable grace period. Each payment by the Guarantor with respect to any Security shall be paid in the currency or currencies specified for payments on such Security as contemplated by Section 2.01 and pursuant to this Indenture. The Guarantee hereunder constitutes a guarantee of payment and not of collection.

The obligations of the Guarantor hereunder with respect to a series of Securities shall be absolute and unconditional and, subject to Article VIII, shall remain in full force and effect until the entire principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series shall have been paid or provided for in accordance with the provisions of such series and of this Indenture, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of any Security of such series or this Indenture, any change or amendment thereto, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent by the Trustee or the Holder of any Security of such series with respect to any provision of such Security or this Indenture, the recovery of any judgment against the Company or any action to enforce the same, or any other circumstances that may otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a guarantor. The Guarantor hereby waives presentment or demand of payment or notice to the Guarantor with respect to such Security and the obligations evidenced thereby or hereby. The Guarantor further waives any right of set-off or counterclaim it may have against any Holder of a Security arising from any other obligations any such Holder may have to the Company or the Guarantor.

It is the intention of the Guarantor that the Guarantee not constitute a fraudulent transfer or conveyance for purposes of any Bankruptcy Law, the Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act, the Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act or any similar federal, state or other law to the extent applicable to the Guarantee. To effectuate the foregoing intention, the obligations of the Guarantor hereunder shall be limited to the maximum amount as will, after giving effect to such maximum amount and all other contingent and fixed liabilities of the Guarantor (other than guarantees of the Guarantor in respect of subordinated debt) that are relevant under such laws, result in the obligations of the Guarantor hereunder not constituting a fraudulent transfer or conveyance.

SECTION 10.02.          Proceedings Against Guarantor.

In the event of a default in the payment of principal of or any premium on any Security when and as the same shall become due, whether at the Stated Maturity thereof, by acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise, or in the event of a default in any sinking fund payment, or in the event of a default in the payment of any interest on or
40

any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security when and as the same shall become due, each of the Trustee and the Holder of such Security shall have the right to proceed first and directly against the Guarantor under this Indenture without first proceeding against the Company or exhausting any other remedies which the Trustee or such Holder may have and without resorting to any other security held by it.

The Trustee shall have the right, power and authority to do all things it deems necessary or advisable to enforce the provisions of this Indenture relating to the Guarantee and to protect the interests of the Holders of the Securities and, in the event of a default in payment of the principal of or any premium on any Security when and as the same shall become due, whether at the Stated Maturity thereof, by acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise, or in the event of a default in the payment of any interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security when and as the same shall become due, the Trustee may institute or appear in such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of its rights and the rights of the Holders, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture relating to the Guarantee or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the event of a default in payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security when due, the Trustee may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce the same against the Guarantor and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Guarantor, wherever situated.

SECTION 10.03.          Subrogation.

The Guarantor shall be subrogated to all rights against the Company of any Holder of Securities of a series in respect of any amounts paid by the Guarantor pursuant to the provisions of the Guarantee; provided, however, that the Guarantor shall be entitled to enforce, or to receive any payments arising out of or based upon, such right of subrogation only after the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to all Securities of such series have been paid in full.

SECTION 10.04.          Guarantee for Benefit of Holders.

The Guarantee contained in this Indenture is entered into by the Guarantor for the benefit of the Holders from time to time of the Securities. Such provisions shall not be deemed to create any right in, or to be in whole or in part for the benefit of, any Person other than the Trustee, the Guarantor, the Holders from time to time of the Securities and their permitted successors and assigns.

ARTICLE XI

Subordination of Securities

SECTION 11.01.          Trust Indenture Act Controls.

If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by operation of TIA Section 318(c), the imposed duties shall control.

SECTION 11.02.          Securities Subordinated to Senior Debt.

The Company, the Guarantor and each Holder of a Security of a series, by his acceptance thereof, agree that (a) the payment of the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to each and all the Securities of such series and (b) any other payment in respect of the Securities of such series, including on account of the acquisition or redemption of Securities of such series by the Company, is subordinated, to the extent and in the manner provided in this Article XI, to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt of the Company and the Guarantor, whether outstanding at the date of this Indenture or thereafter created, incurred, assumed or guaranteed, and that these subordination provisions are for the benefit of the holders of Senior Debt.
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This Article XI shall constitute a continuing offer to all Persons who, in reliance upon such provisions, become holders of, or continue to hold, Senior Debt, and such provisions are made for the benefit of the holders of Senior Debt, and such holders are made obligees hereunder and any one or more of them may enforce such provisions.

SECTION 11.03.          No Payment on Securities in Certain Circumstances.

Unless otherwise provided with respect to the Securities of a series as contemplated by Section 2.01, no payment shall be made by or on behalf of the Company or the Guarantor on account of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on  or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of any series or to acquire any Securities of such series (including any repurchases of Securities of such series pursuant to the provisions thereof at the option of the Holder thereof) for cash or property, or on account of any redemption provisions of Securities of such series, in the event of default in payment of any principal of, premium (if any) or interest on any Senior Debt of the Company when the same becomes due and payable, whether at maturity or at a date fixed for prepayment or by acceleration of maturity or otherwise (a “Payment Default”), unless and until such Payment Default has been cured or waived or otherwise has ceased to exist or such Senior Debt shall have been discharged or paid in full.

In furtherance of the provisions of Section 11.02, in the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 11.03, any payment or distribution of assets of the Company or the Guarantor shall be received by the Trustee, the Paying Agent or the Holders of Securities of any series at a time when such payment or distribution was prohibited by the provisions of this Section 11.03, then, unless such payment or distribution is no longer prohibited by this Section 11.03, such payment or distribution (subject to the provisions of Section 11.08) shall be received and held in trust by the Trustee, the Paying Agent or such Holder for the benefit of the holders of Senior Debt of the Company or the Guarantor, and shall be paid or delivered by the Trustee, the Paying Agent or such Holders, as the case may be, to the holders of Senior Debt of the Company or the Guarantor remaining unpaid or unprovided for or their representative or representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing such Senior Debt of the Company or the Guarantor may have been issued, ratably, according to the aggregate amounts remaining unpaid on account of such Senior Debt of the Company or the Guarantor held or represented by each, for application to the payment of all Senior Debt in full after giving effect to all concurrent payments and distributions to or for the holders of such Senior Debt.

SECTION 11.04.          Securities Subordinated to Prior Payment of All Senior Debt on Dissolution, Liquidation or Reorganization.

Upon any distribution of assets of the Company or the Guarantor or upon any dissolution, winding up, total or partial liquidation or reorganization of the Company or the Guarantor, whether voluntary or involuntary, in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar proceeding or upon assignment for the benefit of creditors:

(a)          the holders of all Senior Debt of the Company and the Guarantor shall first be entitled to receive payments in full before the Holders of Securities of any series are entitled to receive any payment on account of the principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series;

(b)          any payment or distribution of assets of the Company or the Guarantor of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which the Holders of Securities of any series or the Trustee on behalf of such Holders would be entitled, except for the provisions of this Article XI, shall be paid by the liquidating trustee or agent or other Person making such a payment or distribution directly to the holders of such Senior Debt or their representative, ratably according to the respective amounts of Senior Debt held or represented by each, to the extent necessary to make payment in full of all such Senior Debt remaining unpaid after giving effect to all concurrent payments and distributions to the holders of such Senior Debt; and

(c)          in the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment or distribution of assets of the Company or the Guarantor of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, shall be received by the Trustee or the Holders of Securities of any series or any Paying Agent (or, if the Company or any Subsidiary is acting as the Paying Agent, money for any such payment or distribution shall be segregated or held in trust) on account of the principal,  premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series before all Senior Debt of the Company or the Guarantor is paid in full, such payment or distribution
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(subject to the provisions of Section 11.08) shall be received and held in trust by the Trustee or such Holder or Paying Agent for the benefit of the holders of such Senior Debt, or their respective representatives, ratably according to the respective amounts of such Senior Debt held or represented by each, to the extent necessary to make payment as provided herein of all such Senior Debt remaining unpaid after giving effect to all concurrent payments and distributions and all provisions therefor to or for the holders of such Senior Debt, but only to the extent that as to any holder of such Senior Debt, as promptly as practical following notice from the Trustee to the holders of such Senior Debt that such prohibited payment has been received by the Trustee, Holder(s) or Paying Agent (or has been segregated as provided above), such holder (or a representative therefor) notifies the Trustee of the amounts then due and owing on such Senior Debt, if any, held by such holder and only the amounts specified in such notices to the Trustee shall be paid to the holders of such Senior Debt.

SECTION 11.05.          Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt.

Subject to the payment in full of all Senior Debt of the Company and the Guarantor as provided herein, the Holders of the Securities of any series shall be subrogated (to the extent of the payments or distributions made to the holders of such Senior Debt pursuant to the provisions of this Article XI) to the rights of the holders of such Senior Debt to receive payments or distributions of assets of the Company or the Guarantor applicable to the Senior Debt until all amounts owing on the Securities of such series shall be paid in full. For the purpose of such subrogation, no such payments or distributions to the holders of such Senior Debt by the Company or the Guarantor, or by or on behalf of the Holders of the Securities of such series by virtue of this Article XI, which otherwise would have been made to such Holders shall, as between the Company and such Holders, be deemed to be payment by the Company or the Guarantor or on account of such Senior Debt, it being understood that the provisions of this Article XI are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the Holders of the Securities of a series, on the one hand, and the holders of such Senior Debt, on the other hand.

If any payment or distribution to which the Holders of the Securities would otherwise have been entitled but for the provisions of this Article XI shall have been applied, pursuant to the provisions of this Article XI, to the payment of amounts payable under Senior Debt of the Company or the Guarantor, then such Holders shall be entitled to receive from the holders of such Senior Debt any payments or distributions received by such holders of Senior Debt in excess of the amount sufficient to pay all amounts payable under or in respect of such Senior Debt in full.

SECTION 11.06.          Obligations of the Company and the Guarantor Unconditional.

Nothing contained in this Article XI or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall impair, as between the Company, the Guarantor and the Holders of the Securities of any series, the obligation of the Company or the Guarantor, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay to such Holders the principal of, premium (if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms, or is intended to or shall affect the relative rights of such Holders and creditors of the Company and the Guarantor other than the holders of the Senior Debt, nor shall anything herein or therein prevent the Trustee or any Holder from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article XI, of the holders of Senior Debt in respect of cash, property or securities of the Company or the Guarantor received upon the exercise of any such remedy. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article XI or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities, upon any distribution of assets of the Company or the Guarantor referred to in this Article XI, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Sections 7.01 and 7.02, and the Holders of the Securities shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree made by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization proceedings are pending, or a certificate of the liquidating trustee or agent or other Person making any distribution to the Trustee or to such Holders for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in such distribution, the holders of the Senior Debt and other Debt of the Company and the Guarantor, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article XI so long as such court has been apprised of the provisions of, or the order, decree or certificate makes reference to, the provisions of this Article XI.
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SECTION 11.07.          Trustee Entitled to Assume Payments Not Prohibited in Absence of Notice.

The Trustee shall not at any time be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts that would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee unless and until a Responsible Officer of the Trustee or any Paying Agent shall have received, no later than two Business Days prior to such payment, written notice thereof from the Company or the Guarantor or from one or more holders of Senior Debt or from any representative thereof and, prior to the receipt of any such written notice, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Sections 7.01 and 7.02, shall be entitled in all respects conclusively to assume that no such fact exists.

SECTION 11.08.          Application by Trustee of Amounts Deposited with it.

Amounts deposited in trust with the Trustee pursuant to and in accordance with Article VIII shall be for the sole benefit of Holders of Securities of the series for the benefit of which such amounts were deposited, and, to the extent allocated for the payment of Securities of such series, shall not be subject to the subordination provisions of this Article XI. Otherwise, any deposit of assets with the Trustee or the Paying Agent (whether or not in trust) for the payment of principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Securities of any series shall be subject to the provisions of Sections 11.02, 11.03, 11.04 and 11.05; provided that if prior to two Business Days preceding the date on which by the terms of this Indenture any such assets may become distributable for any purpose (including, without limitation, the payment of either principal of, premium (if any) or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security), a Responsible Officer of the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall not have received with respect to such assets the written notice provided for in Section 11.07, then the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall have full power and authority to receive such assets and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were received, and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary that may be received by it on or after such date; and provided further that nothing contained in this Article XI shall prevent the Company or the Guarantor from making, or the Trustee from receiving or applying, any payment in connection with the redemption of Securities of a series if the first publication of notice of such redemption (whether by mail or otherwise in accordance with this Indenture) has been made, and the Trustee has received such payment from the Company or the Guarantor, prior to the occurrence of any of the contingencies specified in Section 11.03 or 11.04.

SECTION 11.09.          Subordination Rights Not Impaired by Acts or Omissions of the Company, the Guarantor or Holders of Senior Debt.

No right of any present or future holders of any Senior Debt to enforce subordination provisions contained in this Article XI shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or the Guarantor or by any act or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the Company or the Guarantor with the terms of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof that any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with. The holders of Senior Debt may extend, renew, modify or amend the terms of the Senior Debt or any security therefor and release, sell or exchange such security and otherwise deal freely with the Company and the Guarantor, all without affecting the liabilities and obligations of the parties to this Indenture or the Holders of the Securities of any series.

SECTION 11.10.          Trustee to Effectuate Subordination of Securities.

Each Holder of a Security of any series by his acceptance thereof authorizes and expressly directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination provisions contained in this Article XI and to protect the rights of the Holders of the Securities of such series pursuant to this Indenture, and appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for such purpose, including, in the event of any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization of the Company or the Guarantor (whether in bankruptcy, insolvency or receivership proceedings or upon an assignment for the benefit of creditors of the Company or the Guarantor), the filing of a claim for the unpaid balance of his Securities in the form required in said proceedings and cause said claim to be approved. If the Trustee does not file a proper claim or proof of debt in the form required in such proceeding prior to 30 days before the expiration of the time to file such claim or claims, then the holders of the Senior Debt or their representative is hereby authorized to have the right to file and is hereby authorized to file an appropriate claim for and on behalf of the Holders of Securities of such series. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee or the holders of Senior Debt or their representative to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder of Securities of any series any plan of reorganization, arrangement,
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adjustment or composition affecting the Securities of such series or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee or the holders of Senior Debt or their representative to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder of the Securities of such series in any such proceeding.

SECTION 11.11.          Right of Trustee to Hold Senior Debt.

The Trustee in its individual capacity shall be entitled to all of the rights set forth in this Article XI in respect of any Senior Debt at any time held by it to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt, and nothing in this Indenture shall be construed to deprive the Trustee of any of its rights as such holder.

SECTION 11.12.          Article XI Not to Prevent Events of Default.

The failure to make a payment on account of principal of or premium (if any) or interest on or Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of any series by reason of any provision of this Article XI shall not be construed as preventing the occurrence of a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01 with respect to Securities of such series or in any way prevent the Holders of the Securities of such series from exercising any right hereunder other than the right to receive payment on the Securities of such series.

SECTION 11.13.          No Fiduciary Duty of Trustee to Holders of Senior Debt.

The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Debt, and shall not be liable to any such holders (other than for its willful misconduct or negligence) if it shall in good faith mistakenly pay over or distribute to the Holders of the Securities of any series or the Company, the Guarantor or any other Person, cash, property or securities to which any holders of Senior Debt shall be entitled by virtue of this Article XI or otherwise. Nothing in this Section 11.13 shall affect the obligation of any other such Person to hold such payment for the benefit of, and to pay such payment over to, the holders of Senior Debt or their representative.

SECTION 11.14.          Article Applicable to Paying Agent.

In case at any time any Paying Agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed by the Company and be then acting hereunder, the term “Trustee” as used in this Article XI shall in such case (unless the context shall otherwise require) be construed as extending to and including such Paying Agent within its meaning as fully for all intents and purposes as if such Paying Agent were named in this Article XI in addition to or in place of the Trustee; provided, however, that this Section 11.14 shall not apply to the Company, the Guarantor or any Subsidiary if the Company or such Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent.

ARTICLE XII

Miscellaneous

SECTION 12.01.          Trust Indenture Act Controls.

If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by operation of TIA Section 318(c), the imposed duties shall control.

SECTION 12.02.          Notices.

Any notice or communication by the Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee to the others is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or by facsimile (or other electronic means with attachment in PDF or similar format) or mailed by first-class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested) or overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to the other’s address:

If to the Company or the Guarantor:
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Shell Finance US Inc.
150 N. Dairy Ashford
Houston, Texas 77079
Attention: Lynn Borgmeier
Email: Lynn.Borgmeier@shell.com

with a copy to:
Shell Centre
London SE1 7NA
Attention: Head of Financial Markets (SI-FTF)
Facsimile: +44 207 934 7770
Email: Michael.Dawson@shell.com

If to the Trustee:

Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas
1 Columbus Circle, 17th Floor
Mail Stop: NYC01-1710
New York, New York 10019
Attn: Trust and Agency Services – Shell Finance US Inc.
Facsimile: (1 732) 578-4635

The Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee by notice to the others may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

All notices and communications shall be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally delivered; five Business Days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, if mailed; when receipt is acknowledged, if by facsimile (or other electronic means with an attachment in PDF or similar format); and the next Business Day after timely delivery to the courier, if sent by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery.

Notices to be given to Holders of Global Securities will be given only to the Depositary, in accordance with its applicable policies as in effect from time to time. Any notice or communication to Holders of Securities that are not Global Securities shall be delivered by facsimile (or other electronic means) or mailed by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to the Holder’s address shown on the register kept by the Registrar, and will be deemed given when receipt is acknowledged, if sent by facsimile (or other electronic means), or five Business Days after being deposited in the mail, if mailed. Failure to send a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders.

If a notice or communication is sent in the manner provided above within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it, except in the case of notice to the Trustee, it is duly given only when received.

If the Company or a Guarantor sends a notice or communication to Holders, the Company or such Guarantor shall send a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

All notices or communications, including without limitation notices to the Trustee, the Company or a Guarantor by Holders, shall be in writing, except as otherwise set forth herein.

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In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service, or by reason of any other cause, it shall be impossible to mail any notice required by this Indenture, then such method of notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient mailing of such notice.

SECTION 12.03.          Communication by Holders with Other Holders.

Holders may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities. The Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA Section 312(c).

SECTION 12.04.          Certificate and Opinions.

Upon any request or application by the Company or the Guarantor to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall, if required pursuant to TIA Section 314(c), furnish to the Trustee at the expense of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be:


(1)
an Officer’s Certificate (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 12.05) stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent and covenants, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and


(2)
an Opinion of Counsel (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 12.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent and covenants have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any other provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.

In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company or the Guarantor may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

SECTION 12.05.          Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.

Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant to TIA Section 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 314(e) and shall include:


(1)
a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;


(2)
a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the
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statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;


(3)
a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him or her to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and


(4)
a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

SECTION 12.06.          Rules by Trustee and Agents.

The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of Holders. The Registrar or the Paying Agent may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions.

SECTION 12.07.          No Recourse Against Others.

A director, officer, employee, stockholder, partner or other owner of the Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee, as such, shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities, for any obligations of any Guarantor under the Guarantee, or for any obligations of the Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee under this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Holder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release shall be part of the consideration for the issue of Securities.

SECTION 12.08.          Governing Law.

THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES AND THE GUARANTEE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO APPLICABLE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS TO THE EXTENT THE LAWS OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION WOULD BE REQUIRED THEREBY.

With respect to any claim arising out of this Indenture, each party hereto:  (a) irrevocably submits to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of (i) the courts of the State of New York, including the related appellate courts, and (ii) the courts of the United States of America for the Southern District of New York, including the related appellate courts; and (b) irrevocably waives (i) any objection which it may have at any time to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating hereto brought in any such court, (ii) any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in any inconvenient forum and (iii) the right to object, with respect to such claim, suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court, that such court does not have jurisdiction over such party.

SECTION 12.09.          No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.

This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company, the Guarantor or any Subsidiary. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

SECTION 12.10.          Waiver of Jury Trial.

The Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and each Holder irrevocably agree to waive trial by jury in any action, proceeding, claim or counterclaim brought by or on behalf of any party related to or arising out of this Indenture, the Securities and the Guarantee.

SECTION 12.11.          Successors.

All agreements of the Company and the Guarantor in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successors. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors.
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SECTION 12.12.          Severability.

In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

SECTION 12.13.          Counterpart Originals; E-Signatures.

The parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement. The exchange of copies of this Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Indenture for all purposes. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes. The words “execution,” “signed,” “signature,” “delivery,” and words of like import in or relating to this Indenture or any document to be signed in connection with this Indenture shall be deemed to include electronic signatures, deliveries or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature, physical delivery thereof or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, and the parties hereto consent to conduct the transactions contemplated hereunder by electronic means.

Facsimile, documents executed, scanned and transmitted electronically and electronic signatures, including those created or transmitted through a software platform or application, shall be deemed original signatures for purposes of this Indenture and all matters and agreements related thereto, with such facsimile, scanned and electronic signatures having the same legal effect as original signatures. The parties agree that this Indenture or any instrument, agreement or document necessary for the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Indenture or related hereto or thereto (including addendums, amendments, notices, instructions, communications with respect to the delivery of securities or the wire transfer of funds or other communications) (“Executed Documentation”) may be accepted, executed or agreed to through the use of an electronic signature in accordance with applicable laws, rules and regulations in effect from time to time applicable to the effectiveness and enforceability of electronic signatures. Any Executed Documentation accepted, executed or agreed to in conformity with such laws, rules and regulations will be binding on all parties hereto and the Holders to the same extent as if it were physically executed and each party and the Holders hereby consents to the use of any third party electronic signature capture service providers as may be reasonably chosen by a signatory hereto or thereto. When the Trustee acts on any Executed Documentation sent by electronic transmission, the Trustee will not be responsible or liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising therefrom if such Executed Documentation (a) is not an authorized or authentic communication of the party involved or in the form such party sent or intended to send (whether due to fraud, distortion or otherwise) or (b) conflicts with, or is inconsistent with, a subsequent written instruction or communication; it being understood and agreed that the Trustee shall conclusively presume that Executed Documentation that purports to have been sent by an authorized officer of a Person has been sent by an authorized officer of such Person. The party providing Executed Documentation through electronic transmission or otherwise with electronic signatures agrees to assume all risks arising out of such electronic methods, including the risk of the Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties. The Trustee may authenticate the Security by manual, electronic or facsimile signature.

SECTION 12.14.          Table of Contents, Headings, etc.

The table of contents, cross-reference table and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

SECTION 12.15.          USA Patriot Act.

In order to comply with the laws, rules, regulations and executive orders in effect from time to time applicable to banking institutions, including, without limitation, those relating to the funding of terrorist activities and money laundering, including Section 326 of the USA PATRIOT Act of the United States (“Applicable AML Law”), the Trustee and Agents are required to obtain, verify, record and update certain information relating to
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individuals and entities which maintain a business relationship with the Trustee and Agents. Accordingly, each of the parties agree to provide to the Trustee and Agents, upon their request from time to time such identifying information and documentation as may be available for such party in order to enable Trustee and Agents to comply with Applicable AML Law.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

 
SHELL FINANCE US INC., AS ISSUER
 
         
 
by
    
   
Name:
   
   
Title:
   
         
         
 
SHELL PLC, AS GUARANTOR
 
         
 
by
    
   
Name:
   
   
Title:
   
         
         
 
DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS, AS TRUSTEE
 
         
 
by
    
   
Name:
   
   
Title:
   
         
         
 
by
    
   
Name:
   
   
Title:
   






51
Exhibit 4.11

[Form of Face of Global Security]

THIS SECURITY IS IN GLOBAL FORM WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), OR A NOMINEE OF DTC, WHICH MAY BE TREATED BY THE COMPANY, THE GUARANTOR, THE TRUSTEE AND ANY AGENT THEREOF AS OWNER AND HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY FOR ALL PURPOSES.

UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.

UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE FORM IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES REFERRED TO IN THE INDENTURE, THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY (I) DTC TO A NOMINEE OF DTC OR (II) A NOMINEE OF DTC TO DTC OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF DTC OR (III) DTC OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.

[Insert any legend required by the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder.]



SHELL FINANCE US INC.

[Title of Security]
Payment of Principal[, Premium, if any,]
and Interest Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by
SHELL PLC

No.___
CUSIP NO. ___

SHELL FINANCE US INC., a Delaware corporation (herein called the “Issuer”, which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to CEDE & CO., or registered assigns, the principal sum of ___ on ___ to the person in whose name this Note is registered at the close of business 15 calendar days preceding such ___ [if the Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert —, and to pay interest thereon from ___, 20___ or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually in arrears on ___ and ___ in each year] [annually in arrears on ___ in each year], commencing ___, 20___, at the rate of ___% per annum, until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment [if applicable, insert —, provided that any principal and premium, and any such installment of interest, which is overdue shall bear interest at the rate of ___% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment, and such interest shall be payable on demand].] [If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert — The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity, and in such case the overdue principal and any overdue premium shall bear interest at the rate of ___% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), from the date such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment.  Interest on any overdue principal shall be payable on demand.  Any such interest on any overdue principal or premium which is not so paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of ___% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest on interest shall be legally enforceable), from the date of such demand until the amount so demanded is paid or made available for payment.  Interest on overdue interest shall be payable on demand.] [The Trustee shall act as Paying Agent with respect to the Securities of this series.]

The Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee and any agent of the Issuer, the Guarantor or the Trustee may treat the bearer hereof as the owner of this Security for all purposes, whether or not this Security shall be overdue, and none of the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

The Guarantor has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the obligation of the Issuer under this Security on the terms specified in the below mentioned Indenture.

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

2



All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof, directly or through an authenticating agent, by signature of an authorized signatory, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer has caused this instrument to be duly executed manually, electronically or in facsimile.

Dated:

 
SHELL FINANCE US INC.
   

By:

 
   
Name:

 
   
Title:

 

This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY
AMERICAS, as Trustee
 
 
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 

3



[Form of Reverse of Global Security]

This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Issuer (herein called the “Securities”), issued and to be issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of [●], herein called the “Indenture” which term shall have the meaning assigned to it in such instrument), among the Issuer, Shell plc, a public company limited by shares existing under the laws of England and Wales (herein called the “Guarantor”, which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture referred to herein), and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee”, which term includes any other successor trustee under the Indenture), and reference is hereby made to the Indenture for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered.  This Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof [, limited in aggregate principal amount to U.S.$___].

[If applicable, insert — Prior to _____, 20____ (the “Par Call Date”), the Securities will be redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of the Issuer, at any time and from time to time, at a redemption price calculated by the Issuer (expressed as a percentage of principal amount and rounded to three decimal places) equal to the greater of (a)(i) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest thereon discounted to the redemption date (assuming the Securities matured on the Par Call Date) on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate plus _____ basis points less (ii) interest accrued to the date of redemption, and (b) 100% of the principal amount of the Securities to be redeemed,

plus, in either case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date.

On or after the Par Call Date, the Securities will be redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of the Issuer at any time and from time to time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Securities being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of redemption.

“Business Day” means any day that is not a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in any of New York, New York, United States or London, United Kingdom are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to remain closed.

“Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the yield determined by the Issuer in accordance with the following two paragraphs:

The Treasury Rate shall be determined by the Issuer after 4:15 p.m., New York City time (or after such time as yields on U.S. government securities are posted daily by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), on the third Business Day preceding the redemption date based upon the yield or yields for the most recent day that appear after such time on such day in the most recent statistical release published by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System designated as “Selected Interest Rates (Daily) - H.15” (or any successor designation or publication) (“H.15”) under the caption “U.S. government securities–Treasury constant maturities–Nominal” (or any successor caption or heading). In determining the Treasury Rate, the Issuer shall select, as applicable: (a) the yield for the Treasury constant maturity on H.15 exactly equal to the period from the redemption date to the Par Call Date (the “Remaining Life”); or (b) if there is no such Treasury constant maturity on H.15 exactly equal to the Remaining Life, the two yields – one yield corresponding to the Treasury constant maturity on H.15 immediately shorter than and one yield corresponding to the Treasury constant maturity on H.15 immediately longer than the Remaining Life – and shall interpolate to the Par Call Date on a straight-line basis (using the actual number of days) using such yields and rounding the result to three decimal places; or (c) if there is no such Treasury constant maturity on H.15 shorter than or longer than the Remaining Life, the yield for the single Treasury constant maturity on H.15 closest to the Remaining Life. For purposes of this paragraph, the applicable Treasury constant maturity or maturities on H.15 shall be deemed to have a maturity date equal to the relevant number of months or years, as applicable, of such Treasury constant maturity from the redemption date.

4



If on the third Business Day preceding the redemption date H.15 or any successor designation or publication is no longer published, the Issuer shall calculate the Treasury Rate based on the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to maturity at 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the second Business Day preceding such redemption date of the United States Treasury security maturing on, or with a maturity that is closest to, the Par Call Date, as applicable.  If there is no United States Treasury security maturing on the Par Call Date but there are two or more United States Treasury securities with a maturity date equally distant from the Par Call Date, one with a maturity date preceding the Par Call Date and one with a maturity date following the Par Call Date, the Issuer shall select the United States Treasury security with a maturity date preceding the Par Call Date. If there are two or more United States Treasury securities maturing on the Par Call Date or two or more United States Treasury securities meeting the criteria of the preceding sentence, the Issuer shall select from among these two or more United States Treasury securities the United States Treasury security that is trading closest to par based upon the average of the bid and asked prices for such United States Treasury securities at 11:00 a.m., New York City time.  In determining the Treasury Rate in accordance with the terms of this paragraph, the semi-annual yield to maturity of the applicable United States Treasury security shall be based upon the average of the bid and asked prices (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) at 11:00 a.m., New York City time, of such United States Treasury security, and rounded to three decimal places.

Unless the Issuer defaults in payment of the redemption price, and the Guarantor defaults in payment under its guarantee of the Securities, on and after the applicable redemption date, interest will cease to accrue on the Securities or portions thereof called for redemption.]

[Insert any limitations, conditions or other provisions relating to redemption.]

The Indenture in Section 3.12 contains provisions for the optional redemption due to changes in tax treatment [at a Redemption Price equal to the principal amount thereof].

5



[If applicable, insert — The Redemption Price of the Securities shall be equal to the applicable percentage of the principal amount at Stated Maturity set forth below:

If Redemption During the
12-Month Period Commencing
 
Redemption
Price
     

together with, in each case (except if the Redemption Date shall be a             ), an amount equal to the applicable Redemption Price multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of days from but not including the preceding              to and including the Redemption Date multiplied by the difference between the Redemption Price applicable during the 12 months beginning on the              following the Redemption Date (or, in the case of a Redemption Date after             , 100%) and the Redemption Price applicable on the Redemption Date and the denominator of which is the total number of days from but not including the              preceding the Redemption Date to and including the next succeeding             .  The Issuer will also pay to each eligible Holder, or make available for payment to each such Holder, on the Redemption Date any additional interest (as set forth on the face hereof) resulting from the payment of such Redemption Price.]

[If applicable, insert — The Redemption Price of the Securities either in the event of certain changes in the tax treatment or in an event of default would include, in addition to the face amount of the Security, an amount equal to the Original Issue Discount accrued since the issue date.  Original Issue Discount (the difference between the Issue Price and the Principal Amount at Maturity of the Security), in the period during which a Security remains outstanding, shall accrue at ___% per annum, on a semi-annual bond equivalent basis using a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months, commencing on the Issue Date of this Security.]

[Notice of any redemption will be mailed or electronically delivered (or otherwise transmitted in accordance with the depositary’s procedures) to Holders of Securities, not less than [15] nor more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption.  [If applicable, insert — The Indenture contains provisions for the selection of securities to be redeemed, which provisions apply to this Security.]

[If applicable, insert — In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security of this series and of like tenor for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued to the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.]

The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance at any time of the entire indebtedness on this Security upon compliance by the Issuer [or the Guarantor] with certain conditions set forth thereon, which provisions apply to this Security.

[If applicable, insert — Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of the Indenture, the Holder of this Security is entitled, at his option, at any time after, to convert this Security into [Describe securities and conversion mechanics].]

[If applicable, insert — In the event of conversion of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities of this series and of like tenor for the unconverted portion hereof will be issued to the Holder upon the cancellation hereof.]

[If the Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.]

6


[If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.  Such amount shall be equal to — insert formula for determining the amount.  Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal, premium and interest (in each case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Issuer’s obligations in respect of the payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series shall terminate.]

[If applicable, insert — The Indenture contains provisions for Additional Amounts, which provisions apply to this Security.]

The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Issuer and the Guarantor and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities at the time outstanding of each series to be affected.  The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of one or more series or of all series under the indenture waive compliance by the Issuer or the Guarantor with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences with respect to Securities of such series.  Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

As set forth in, and subject to, the provisions of the Indenture, no Holder of any Security of this series will have any right to institute any proceeding with respect to the Indenture, the Guarantee, this Security or for any remedy thereunder, unless such Holder shall have previously given to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of this series, the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of this series shall have made written request, and offered indemnity, to the Trustee to institute such proceeding as trustee, and the Trustee shall not have received from the Holders of a majority in principal of the Outstanding Securities of this series a direction inconsistent with such request and shall have failed to institute such proceeding within 60 days; provided, however, that such limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by the Holder hereof for the enforcement of payment of the principal [(and premium, if any)] or [any] interest on this Security on or after the respective due dates expressed herein.  [If applicable, insert — or to a suit instituted by the Holder hereof for the enforcement of the right to convert this Security in accordance with the Indenture.]

7


No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Issuer, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and any premium and interest on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed or to convert this Security as provided in the Indenture.

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Issuer may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith, as provided for in the Indenture.

The Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.  All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

8

Exhibit 4.12

[Form of Face of Global Security]

THIS SECURITY IS IN GLOBAL FORM WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), OR A NOMINEE OF DTC, WHICH MAY BE TREATED BY THE COMPANY, THE GUARANTOR, THE TRUSTEE AND ANY AGENT THEREOF AS OWNER AND HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY FOR ALL PURPOSES.

UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.

UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE FORM IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES REFERRED TO IN THE INDENTURE, THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY (I) DTC TO A NOMINEE OF DTC OR (II) A NOMINEE OF DTC TO DTC OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF DTC OR (III) DTC OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.

[Insert any legend required by the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder.]



SHELL FINANCE US INC.

Subordinated [Title of Security]
Payment of Principal[, Premium, if any,]
and Interest Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by
SHELL PLC

No.
CUSIP NO. ___

SHELL FINANCE US INC., a Delaware corporation (herein called the “Issuer”, which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to CEDE & CO., or registered assigns, the principal sum of ___ on ___ to the person in whose name this Note is registered at the close of business 15 calendar days preceding such ___ [if the Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert —, and to pay interest thereon from ___, 20___ or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually in arrears on ___ and ___ in each year] [annually in arrears on ___ in each year], commencing ___, 20___, at the rate of ___% per annum, until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment [if applicable, insert —, provided that any principal and premium, and any such installment of interest, which is overdue shall bear interest at the rate of ___% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment, and such interest shall be payable on demand].] [If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert — The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity, and in such case the overdue principal and any overdue premium shall bear interest at the rate of ___% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), from the date such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment. Interest on any overdue principal shall be payable on demand. Any such interest on any overdue principal or premium which is not so paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of ___% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest on interest shall be legally enforceable), from the date of such demand until the amount so demanded is paid or made available for payment. Interest on overdue interest shall be payable on demand.] [The Trustee shall act as Paying Agent with respect to the Securities of this series.]

The Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee and any agent of the Issuer, the Guarantor, or the Trustee may treat the bearer hereof as the owner of this Security for all purposes, whether or not this Security shall be overdue, and none of the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

The Guarantor has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the obligation of the Issuer under this Security on the terms specified in the below mentioned Indenture.

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

2


All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof, directly or through an authenticating agent, by signature of an authorized signatory, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer has caused this instrument to be duly executed manually, electronically or in facsimile.

Dated:

 
SHELL FINANCE US INC.
   

By:

 
   
Name:

 
   
Title:

 

This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY
AMERICAS, as Trustee
 
 
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 



3


[Form of Reverse of Global Security]

This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Issuer (herein called the “Securities”), issued and to be issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of [●], herein called the “Indenture” which term shall have the meaning assigned to it in such instrument), among the Issuer, Shell plc, a public company limited by shares existing under the laws of England and Wales (herein called the “Guarantor”, which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture referred to herein), and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee”, which term includes any other successor trustee under the Indenture), and reference is hereby made to the Indenture for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof [, limited in aggregate principal amount to U.S.$___].

The Indenture in Section 3.12 contains provisions for the optional redemption due to changes in tax treatment [at a Redemption Price equal to the principal amount thereof].

[If applicable, insert — Prior to _____, 20____ (the “Par Call Date”), the Securities, will be redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of the Issuer, at any time and from time to time, at a redemption price calculated by the Issuer (expressed as a percentage of principal amount and rounded to three decimal places) equal to the greater of (a)(i) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest thereon discounted to the redemption date (assuming the Securities matured on the Par Call Date) on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate plus _____ basis points less (ii) interest accrued to the date of redemption, and (b) 100% of the principal amount of the Securities to be redeemed, plus, in either case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date. On or after the Par Call Date, the Securities will be redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of the Issuer at any time and from time to time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Securities being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of redemption.

4



“Business Day” means any day that is not a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in any of New York, New York, United States or London, United Kingdom are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to remain closed.

“Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the yield determined by the Issuer in accordance with the following two paragraphs:

The Treasury Rate shall be determined by the Issuer after 4:15 p.m., New York City time (or after such time as yields on U.S. government securities are posted daily by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), on the third Business Day preceding the redemption date based upon the yield or yields for the most recent day that appear after such time on such day in the most recent statistical release published by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System designated as “Selected Interest Rates (Daily) - H.15” (or any successor designation or publication) (“H.15”) under the caption “U.S. government securities–Treasury constant maturities–Nominal” (or any successor caption or heading). In determining the Treasury Rate, the Issuer shall select, as applicable: (a) the yield for the Treasury constant maturity on H.15 exactly equal to the period from the redemption date to the Par Call Date (the “Remaining Life”); or (b) if there is no such Treasury constant maturity on H.15 exactly equal to the Remaining Life, the two yields – one yield corresponding to the Treasury constant maturity on H.15 immediately shorter than and one yield corresponding to the Treasury constant maturity on H.15 immediately longer than the Remaining Life – and shall interpolate to the Par Call Date on a straight-line basis (using the actual number of days) using such yields and rounding the result to three decimal places; or (c) if there is no such Treasury constant maturity on H.15 shorter than or longer than the Remaining Life, the yield for the single Treasury constant maturity on H.15 closest to the Remaining Life. For purposes of this paragraph, the applicable Treasury constant maturity or maturities on H.15 shall be deemed to have a maturity date equal to the relevant number of months or years, as applicable, of such Treasury constant maturity from the redemption date.

5



If on the third Business Day preceding the redemption date H.15 or any successor designation or publication is no longer published, the Issuer shall calculate the Treasury Rate based on the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to maturity at 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the second Business Day preceding such redemption date of the United States Treasury security maturing on, or with a maturity that is closest to, the Par Call Date, as applicable.  If there is no United States Treasury security maturing on the Par Call Date but there are two or more United States Treasury securities with a maturity date equally distant from the Par Call Date, one with a maturity date preceding the Par Call Date and one with a maturity date following the Par Call Date, the Issuer shall select the United States Treasury security with a maturity date preceding the Par Call Date. If there are two or more United States Treasury securities maturing on the Par Call Date or two or more United States Treasury securities meeting the criteria of the preceding sentence, the Issuer shall select from among these two or more United States Treasury securities the United States Treasury security that is trading closest to par based upon the average of the bid and asked prices for such United States Treasury securities at 11:00 a.m., New York City time.  In determining the Treasury Rate in accordance with the terms of this paragraph, the semi-annual yield to maturity of the applicable United States Treasury security shall be based upon the average of the bid and asked prices (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) at 11:00 a.m., New York City time, of such United States Treasury security, and rounded to three decimal places.

Unless the Issuer defaults in payment of the redemption price, and the Guarantor defaults in payment under its guarantee of the Securities, on and after the applicable redemption date, interest will cease to accrue on the Securities or portions thereof called for redemption.]

[Insert any limitations, conditions or other provisions relating to redemption.]

[If applicable, insert — The Redemption Price of the Securities shall be equal to the applicable percentage of the principal amount at Stated Maturity set forth below:

If Redemption During the
12-Month Period Commencing
 
Redemption
Price
     

together with, in each case (except if the Redemption Date shall be a             ), an amount equal to the applicable Redemption Price multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of days from but not including the preceding              to and including the Redemption Date multiplied by the difference between the Redemption Price applicable during the 12 months beginning on the              following the Redemption Date (or, in the case of a Redemption Date after , 100%) and the Redemption Price applicable on the Redemption Date and the denominator of which is the total number of days from but not including the              preceding the Redemption Date to and including the next succeeding             . The Issuer will also pay to each eligible Holder, or make available for payment to each such Holder, on the Redemption Date any additional interest (as set forth on the face hereof) resulting from the payment of such Redemption Price.]

[If applicable, insert — The Redemption Price of the Securities either in the event of certain changes in the tax treatment or in an event of default would include, in addition to the face amount of the Security, an amount equal to the Original Issue Discount accrued since the issue date. Original Issue Discount (the difference between the Issue Price and the Principal Amount at Maturity of the Security), in the period during which a Security remains outstanding, shall accrue at ___% per annum, on a semi-annual bond equivalent basis using a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months, commencing on the Issue Date of this Security.]

6



[Notice of any redemption will be mailed or electronically delivered (or otherwise transmitted in accordance with the depositary’s procedures) to Holders of Securities, not less than [15] nor more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption.

[If applicable, insert — The Indenture contains provisions for the selection of securities to be redeemed, which provisions apply to this Security.]

[If applicable, insert — In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security of this series and of like tenor for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued to the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.]

The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance at any time of the entire indebtedness on this Security upon compliance by the Issuer [or the Guarantor] with certain conditions set forth thereon, which provisions apply to this Security.

[If applicable, insert — Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of the Indenture, the Holder of this Security is entitled, at his option, at any time after, to convert this Security into [Describe securities and conversion mechanics].]

[If applicable, insert — In the event of conversion of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities of this series and of like tenor for the unconverted portion hereof will be issued to the Holder upon the cancellation hereof.]

[If the Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.]

[If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. Such amount shall be equal to — insert formula for determining the amount. Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal, premium and interest (in each case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Issuer’s obligations in respect of the payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series shall terminate.]

[If applicable, insert — The Indenture contains provisions for Additional Amounts, which provisions apply to this Security.]

The Indenture contains provisions that provide for the subordination of this Security.

The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Issuer and the Guarantor and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities at the time outstanding of each series to be affected. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of one or more series or of all series under the indenture waive compliance by the Issuer or the Guarantor with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences with respect to Securities of such series. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

7



As set forth in, and subject to, the provisions of the Indenture, no Holder of any Security of this series will have any right to institute any proceeding with respect to the Indenture, the Guarantee, this Security or for any remedy thereunder, unless such Holder shall have previously given to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of this series, the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of this series shall have made written request, and offered indemnity, to the Trustee to institute such proceeding as trustee, and the Trustee shall not have received from the Holders of a majority in principal of the Outstanding Securities of this series a direction inconsistent with such request and shall have failed to institute such proceeding within 60 days; provided, however, that such limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by the Holder hereof for the enforcement of payment of the principal [(and premium, if any)] or [any] interest on this Security on or after the respective due dates expressed herein. [If applicable, insert — or to a suit instituted by the Holder hereof for the enforcement of the right to convert this Security in accordance with the Indenture.]

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Issuer, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and any premium and interest on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed or to convert this Security as provided in the Indenture.

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Issuer may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith, as provided for in the Indenture.

The Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

8

Exhibit 4.18

EXECUTION VERSION

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED DEPOSIT AGREEMENT AMONG SHELL PLC, JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. AS DEPOSITARY AND ALL HOLDERS AND BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS

WORLDWIDE SECURITIES SERVICES

jpmorgan.com



AMENDMENT NO. 1 dated as of October 13, 2023 (the “Amendment”), to the Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement dated as of January 31, 2022 (the “Deposit Agreement”), among SHELL PLC, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “Company”), JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as depositary (the “Depositary”), and all Holders and Beneficial Owners from time to time of American depositary receipts (“ADRs”) issued thereunder evidencing American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) representing either deposited Shares.
W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Company and the Depositary executed the Deposit Agreement for the purposes set forth therein; and

WHEREAS, pursuant to paragraph (16) of the form of ADR, the form of which is contained as Exhibit A of the Deposit Agreement, the Company and the Depositary desire to amend the terms of the Deposit Agreement and ADRs.

NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Depositary hereby agree to amend the Deposit Agreement as follows:

ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS

SECTION 1.01.          Definitions. Unless otherwise defined in this Amendment, all capitalized terms used, but not otherwise defined, herein shall have the meaning given to such terms in the Deposit Agreement.

ARTICLE II
AMENDMENTS TO AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS

SECTION 2.01.          All references in the Deposit Agreement to the term “Deposit Agreement” shall, as of the date hereof, refer to the Deposit Agreement as further amended by this Amendment.

SECTION 2.02.          The body of Section 5 of the Deposit Agreement is amended to read as follows:

To the extent that the Depositary determines in its discretion that any distribution pursuant to paragraph (10) of the form of ADR (Distributions on Deposited Securities) is not practicable with respect to any or all Holders, the Depositary, after consultation with the Company (to the extent reasonably practicable), may make such distribution as it so deems practicable, including the distribution of all or a portion of any U.S. dollars, foreign currency, securities or other property (or appropriate documents evidencing the right to receive all or a portion of any such U.S. dollars, foreign currency, securities or other property) and/or the Depositary may retain and hold all or a portion of such U.S. dollars, foreign currency, securities or other property as Deposited Securities with respect to the applicable Holders’ ADRs (without liability for interest thereon or the investment thereof).

1


To the extent the Depositary does not reasonably believe that it will be permitted by applicable law, rule or regulation, or it would not otherwise be practicable, to convert foreign currency into U.S. dollars and/or distribute U.S. dollars to some or all Holders, the Depositary may in its discretion distribute the foreign currency received by the Depositary to, or hold such foreign currency uninvested and without liability for interest for the respective accounts of, the Holders entitled to receive the same. To the extent the Depositary holds such foreign currency, any and all fees, charges and expenses related to, or arising from, the holding of such foreign currency (including, but not limited to those provided in paragraph (7) of the Form of ADR (Charges of Depositary)) shall be paid from such foreign currency thereby reducing the amount so held hereunder.

SECTION 2.03.          Section 16(b)(ii) of the Deposit Agreement is amended by replacing (a) “Linda M. Coulter” with “Caroline Omloo”, (b) “linda.coulter@shell.com” with c.omloo@shell.com and “Shell Oil Company” with “Shell USA Inc.”

SECTION 2.04.          Section 20(b)(viii) of the Deposit Agreement is amended by replacing “The Hague, The Netherlands” with “London, the United Kingdom”.

SECTION 2.05.          The fourth sentence of paragraph (3) of the form of ADR, and all outstanding ADRs, is amended to read as follows:

Subject to paragraphs (4) and (5), this ADR is transferable on the ADR Register and may be split into other ADRs or combined with other ADRs into one ADR, evidencing the aggregate number of ADSs surrendered for split-up or combination, by the Holder hereof or by duly authorized attorney upon surrender of this ADR at the Transfer Office properly endorsed (in the case of ADRs in certificated form) or upon delivery to the Depositary of proper instruments of transfer and duly stamped as may be required by applicable law; provided that the Depositary may close the ADR Register (and/or any portion thereof) at any time or from time to time when deemed expedient by it. Additionally, at the reasonable request of the Company, the Depositary may (in its absolute discretion) close the issuance book portion of the ADR Register solely in order to enable the Company to comply with applicable law.

SECTION 2.06.          Paragraph (4) of the form of ADR, and all outstanding ADRs, is amended by replacing the paragraph immediately after subparagraph (c) with the following:

The issuance of ADRs, the acceptance of deposits of Shares, the registration, registration of transfer, split up or combination of ADRs or, subject to the last sentence of paragraph (2) (Withdrawal of Deposited Securities), the withdrawal and delivery of Deposited Securities may be suspended, generally or in particular instances, when the ADR Register or any register for Deposited Securities is closed or when any such action is deemed required, necessary or advisable by the Depositary.

2


SECTION 2.07.          Paragraph (7)(b) of the form of ADR, and all outstanding ADRs, is renamed “Additional Fees, Charges and Expenses by the Depositary”.

SECTION 2.08.          Paragraph (7)(c)(ii) of the form of ADR, and all outstanding ADRs, is amended to read as follows:


(ii)
a transaction fee per cancellation request (including any cancellation request made through SWIFT, facsimile transmission or any other method of communication) as disclosed on the “Disclosures” page (or successor page) of www.adr.com (as updated by the Depositary from time to time, “ADR.com”) and any applicable delivery expenses (which are payable by such persons or Holders); and

SECTION 2.09.          Paragraph (10)(a) of the form of ADR, and all outstanding ADRs, is amended to include the following at the conclusion thereof:

To the extent that any of the deposited Shares is not or shall not be entitled, by reason of its date of issuance, or otherwise, to receive the full amount of such cash dividend or distribution, the Depositary shall make appropriate adjustments in the amounts distributed to the Holders issued in respect of such Shares. To the extent the Company or the Depositary shall be required to withhold and does withhold from any cash dividend or other cash distribution in respect of any Deposited Securities an amount on account of taxes, the amount distributed on the ADSs issued in respect of such Deposited Securities shall be reduced accordingly.

To the extent the Depositary does not reasonably believe that it will be permitted by applicable law, rule or regulation, or it would not otherwise be practicable, to convert foreign currency into U.S. dollars and/or distribute U.S. dollars to some or all Holders, the Depositary may in its discretion distribute the foreign currency received by the Depositary to, or hold such foreign currency uninvested and without liability for interest for the respective accounts of, the Holders entitled to receive the same. To the extent the Depositary holds such foreign currency, any and all fees, charges and expenses related to, or arising from, the holding of such foreign currency (including, but not limited to those provided in paragraph (7) of the Form of ADR (Charges of Depositary)) shall be paid from such foreign currency thereby reducing the amount so held hereunder.

SECTION 2.10.          Paragraph (10)(d) of the form of ADR, and all outstanding ADRs, is amended to include the following paragraph at the conclusion thereof:

To the extent that the Depositary determines in its discretion that any distribution pursuant to this paragraph (10) is not practicable with respect to any or all Holders, the Depositary, after consultation with the Company (to the extent reasonably practicable), may make such distribution as it so deems practicable, including the distribution of all or a portion of any U.S. dollars, foreign currency, securities or other property (or appropriate documents evidencing the right to receive all or a portion of any such U.S. dollars, foreign currency, securities or other property) and/or the Depositary may retain and hold all or a portion of such U.S. dollars, foreign currency, securities or other property as Deposited Securities with respect to the applicable Holders’ ADRs (without liability for interest thereon or the investment thereof).

3


SECTION 2.11.          Subparagraph (r)(viii) of paragraph (14) of the form of ADR, and all outstanding ADRs, is amended by replacing “The Hague, The Netherlands” with “London, United Kingdom”.

SECTION 2.12.          The first sentence of paragraph (16) of the form of ADR, and all outstanding ADRs, is amended to read as follows:

Subject to the last sentence of paragraph (2) (Withdrawal of Deposited Securities), the ADRs and the Deposit Agreement may be amended by the Company and the Depositary, provided that any amendment that imposes or increases any fees, charges or expenses on a per ADS basis (other than stock transfer or other taxes and other governmental charges, transfer or registration fees, the transaction fee per cancellation request (including any cancellation request made through SWIFT, facsimile transmission or any other method of communication) described in paragraph (7)(c)(ii) (Charges of Depositary) of the form of ADR, applicable delivery expenses or other such fees, charges or expenses), or that shall otherwise prejudice any substantial existing right of Holders or Beneficial Owners, shall become effective 30 days after notice of such amendment shall have been given to the Holders.

SECTION 2.13.          Paragraph (17) of the form of ADR, and all outstanding ADRs, is amended to read as follows:

(17) Termination. The Depositary may, and shall at the written direction of the Company, terminate the Deposit Agreement and this ADR by mailing notice of such termination to the Holders at least 30 days prior to the date fixed in such notice for such termination; provided, however, if the Depositary shall have (i) resigned as Depositary hereunder, notice of such termination by the Depositary shall not be provided to Holders unless a successor depositary shall not be operating hereunder within 60 days of the date of such resignation, or (ii) been removed as Depositary hereunder, notice of such termination by the Depositary shall not be provided to Holders unless a successor depositary shall not be operating hereunder on the 60th day after the Company’s notice of removal was first provided to the Depositary. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Depositary may terminate the Deposit Agreement without notice to the Company, but subject to giving 30 days’ notice to the Holders, under the following circumstances: (i) in the event of the Company’s bankruptcy or insolvency, (ii) if the Shares cease to be listed on an internationally recognized stock exchange, (iii) if the Company effects (or will effect) a redemption of all or substantially all of the Deposited Securities, or a cash or share distribution representing a return of all or substantially all of the value of the Deposited Securities, or (iv) there occurs a merger, consolidation, sale of assets or other transaction as a result of which securities or other property are delivered in exchange for or in lieu of Deposited Securities.

4


After the date so fixed for termination, the Depositary and its agents will perform no further acts under the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, except to receive and hold (or sell) distributions on Deposited Securities and deliver Deposited Securities being withdrawn. As soon as practicable after the date so fixed for termination, the Depositary shall use its reasonable efforts to sell the Deposited Securities and shall thereafter (as long as it may lawfully do so) hold in an account (which may be a segregated or unsegregated account) the net proceeds of such sales, together with any other cash then held by it under the Deposit Agreement, without liability for interest, in trust for the pro rata benefit of the Holders of ADRs not theretofore surrendered. After making such sale, the Depositary shall be discharged from all obligations in respect of the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, except to account for such net proceeds and other cash. After the date so fixed for termination, the Company shall be discharged from all obligations under the Deposit Agreement except for its obligations to the Depositary and its agents.

SECTION 2.14.          The form of ADR, reflecting the amendments set forth in this Article II, and all outstanding ADRs, are amended and restated to read as set forth in Exhibit A hereto.

ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

SECTION 3.01.          Representations and Warranties. The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the Depositary, that:

(a)          This Amendment, when executed and delivered by the Company, will be duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company, and it and the Deposit Agreement as amended hereby constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles; and

(b)          In order to ensure the legality, validity, enforceability or admissibility into evidence of this Amendment or the Deposit Agreement as amended hereby, neither of such agreements need to be filed or recorded with any court or other authority in England or Wales, nor does any stamp or similar tax or governmental charge need to be paid in England or Wales on or in respect of such agreements.

ARTICLE IV
MISCELLANEOUS

Other than as set forth herein, nothing in this Amendment shall affect any of the respective rights and obligations of any of the parties hereto under the Deposit Agreement. By executing this Amendment, the parties hereto ratify and confirm the terms of the Deposit Agreement, as modified by the terms of this Amendment. The parties hereto shall be entitled to the benefits of the indemnification provisions of Section 15 of the Deposit Agreement in connection with any and all liability it or they may incur as a result of the terms of this Amendment and the transactions contemplated herein. This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original and all of which shall constitute the same instrument. If there shall be any conflict in the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement and the terms and conditions of this Amendment, the terms and conditions of this Amendment shall control and be binding. This Amendment will be construed, regulated and administered under the laws of the United States or State of New York, as applicable, without regard to New York’s principles regarding conflict of laws, except that the foregoing shall not reduce any statutory right to choose New York law or forum. The provisions of Sections 20 - 23 of the Deposit Agreement are incorporated herein by reference and deemed to be a part hereof applicable hereto.

If any court of competent jurisdiction holds any provision of this Amendment invalid or unenforceable, the other provisions of the Deposit Agreement as amended hereby will remain in full force and effect. Any provision of this Amendment held invalid or unenforceable only in part or degree will remain in full force and effect to the extent not held invalid or unenforceable.

This Amendment, together with the Deposit Agreement as amended hereby, contains the entire agreement of the parties with respect to its subject matter and supersedes all existing and all other communications (oral, written or in any other form) between the parties hereto concerning this subject matter. Delivery of an executed signature page of this Amendment by facsimile or other electronic transmission (including “.pdf”, “.tif” or similar format) shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart hereof.

5


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, SHELL PLC and JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. have duly executed this Amendment No. 1 to the Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement as of the day and year first above set forth and all Holders and Beneficial Owners of ADSs shall become parties hereto.

 
SHELL PLC
 
       

By:
/s/ Sinead Gorman  
    Name: Sinead Gorman  
    Title: Chief Financial Officer  
       
 

 
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.
 
       

By:
/s/ Gregory A. Levendis  
    Name:
Gregory A. Levendis
 
    Title:
Executive Director
 
       


6


EXHIBIT A
ANNEXED TO AND INCORPORATED IN
AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO THE SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED DEPOSIT AGREEMENT
[FORM OF FACE OF ADR EVIDENCING CLASS A SHARE ADSs]

[FORM OF FACE OF ADR]

Number
No. of ADSs:
   
 
Each ADS represents TWO (2) Shares
   
 
CUSIP:


AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPT

evidencing

AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES

representing

ORDINARY SHARES

of

SHELL PLC

(Incorporated under the laws of England and Wales)

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., a national banking association organized under the laws of the United States of America, as depositary hereunder (the “Depositary”), hereby certifies that                      is the registered owner (a “Holder”) of            American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”), each (subject to paragraph (13) (Changes Affecting Deposited Securities)) representing two (2) ordinary shares (including the rights to receive Shares described in paragraph (1) (Issuance of ADSs), “Shares” and, together with any other securities, cash or property from time to time held by the Depositary in respect or in lieu of deposited Shares, the “Deposited Securities”), of Shell PLC, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “Company”), deposited under the Second Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2022 (as amended from time to time, the “Deposit Agreement”), among the Company, the Depositary and all Holders and Beneficial Owners from time to time of American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder (“ADRs”), each of whom by accepting an ADR becomes a party thereto. The Deposit Agreement and this ADR (which includes the provisions set forth on the reverse hereof) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York without giving effect to the application of the conflict of law principles thereof. All capitalized terms used herein, and not defined herein, shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Deposit Agreement.

A-1


(1)          Issuance of ADSs.

(a)          Issuance. This ADR is one of the ADRs issued under the Deposit Agreement. Subject to the other provisions hereof, the Depositary may so issue ADRs for delivery at the Transfer Office (as hereinafter defined) only against deposit of: (i) Shares in a form satisfactory to the Custodian; or (ii) rights to receive Shares from the Company or any registrar, transfer agent, clearing agent or other entity recording Share ownership or transactions. At the request, risk and expense of the person depositing Shares, the Depositary may accept deposits for forwarding to the Custodian and may deliver ADRs at a place other than its office. Shares or evidence of rights to receive Shares may be deposited through (x) electronic transfer of such Shares to the account maintained by the Custodian for such purpose at CREST and/or Euroclear Nederland, (y) evidence satisfactory to the Custodian of irrevocable instructions to cause such Shares to be transferred to such account or (z) delivery of the certificates representing such Shares. If use of the CREST or Euroclear Nederland book-entry system in connection with the Shares is discontinued at any time for any reason, the Company shall make other book-entry arrangements (if any) that it determines, after consultation with the Depositary, are reasonable.

(b)          Lending. In its capacity as Depositary, the Depositary shall not lend Shares or ADSs.

(c)          Representations and Warranties of Depositors. Every person depositing Shares under the Deposit Agreement represents and warrants that:


(i)
such Shares and the certificates therefor are duly authorized, validly issued and outstanding, fully paid, nonassessable and legally obtained by such person,


(ii)
all pre-emptive and comparable rights, if any, with respect to such Shares have been validly waived or exercised,


(iii)
the person making such deposit is duly authorized so to do,


(iv)
the Shares presented for deposit are free and clear of any lien, encumbrance, security interest, charge, mortgage or adverse claim and


(v)
such Shares (A) are not “restricted securities” as such term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Restricted Securities”) unless at the time of deposit the requirements of paragraphs (c), (e), (f) and (h) of Rule 144 shall not apply and such Shares may be freely transferred and may otherwise be offered and sold freely in the United States or (B) have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933. To the extent the person depositing Shares is an “affiliate” of the Company as such term is defined in Rule 144, the person also represents and warrants that upon the sale of the ADSs, all of the provisions of Rule 144 that enable the Shares to be freely sold (in the form of ADSs) will be fully complied with and, as a result thereof, all of the ADSs issued in respect of such Shares will not be on the sale thereof, Restricted Securities.

A-2


Such representations and warranties shall survive the deposit and withdrawal of Shares and the issuance and cancellation of ADSs in respect thereof and the transfer of such ADSs.

(d)          The Depositary may refuse to accept for such deposit any Shares identified by the Company in order to facilitate compliance with the requirements of the securities laws, rules and regulations of the United States, including, without limitation, the Securities Act of 1933 and the rules and regulations made thereunder.

(2)          Withdrawal of Deposited Securities. Subject to paragraphs (4) (Certain Limitations to Registration, Transfer etc.) and (5) (Liability of Holder or Beneficial Owner for Taxes, Duties and Other Charges), upon surrender of (a) a certificated ADR in a form satisfactory to the Depositary at the Transfer Office or (b) proper instructions and documentation in the case of a Direct Registration ADR, the Holder hereof is entitled to delivery at, or to the extent in dematerialized form from, the Custodian’s office of the Deposited Securities at the time represented by the ADSs evidenced by this ADR. At the request, risk and expense of the Holder hereof, the Depositary may deliver such Deposited Securities at such other place as may have been requested by the Holder. Delivery of Deposited Securities may be made by (a) the delivery of certificates (which, if required by law shall be properly endorsed or accompanied by properly executed instruments of transfer or, if such certificates may be registered, registered in the name of such Holder or as ordered by such Holder in any Withdrawal Order), (b) the delivery of any Deposited Securities eligible for settlement through CREST or Euroclear Nederland or its successor (“Euroclear Nederland”) to an account designated by such Holder with CREST or Euroclear Nederland or an institution that maintains accounts with CREST or Euroclear Nederland, or (c) by such other means as the Depositary may deem practicable, including, without limitation, by transfer of record ownership thereof to an account designated in the Withdrawal Order maintained either by the Company or an accredited intermediary, such as a bank, acting as a registrar for the Deposited Securities. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Deposit Agreement or this ADR, the withdrawal of Deposited Securities may be restricted only for the reasons set forth in General Instruction I.A.(1) of Form F-6 (as such instructions may be amended from time to time) under the Securities Act of 1933.

To the extent applicable, the Holder requesting delivery of Deposited Securities upon surrender of ADRs shall have the sole responsibility for ensuring that such Holder has a valid account with Euroclear Nederland or an institution that maintains accounts with Euroclear Nederland and that the information required for transfer to such account is accurately and promptly provided to the Depositary.

(3)          Transfers, Split-Ups and Combinations of ADRs. The Depositary or its agent will keep, at a designated transfer office (the “Transfer Office”), (a) a register (the “ADR Register”) for the registration, registration of transfer, combination and split-up of ADRs, and, in the case of Direct Registration ADRs, shall include the Direct Registration System, which at all reasonable times will be open for inspection by Holders and the Company for the purpose of communicating with Holders in the interest of the business of the Company or a matter relating to the Deposit Agreement and (b) facilities for the delivery and receipt of ADRs. The term ADR Register includes the Direct Registration System. Title to this ADR (and to the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced hereby), when properly endorsed (in the case of ADRs in certificated form) or upon delivery to the Depositary of proper instruments of transfer, is transferable by delivery with the same effect as in the case of negotiable instruments under the laws of the State of New York; provided that the Depositary, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, may treat the person in whose name this ADR is registered on the ADR Register as the absolute owner hereof for all purposes and neither the Depositary nor the Company will have any obligation or be subject to any liability under the Deposit Agreement or any ADR to any Beneficial Owner, unless such Beneficial Owner is the Holder hereof. Subject to paragraphs (4) and (5), this ADR is transferable on the ADR Register and may be split into other ADRs or combined with other ADRs into one ADR, evidencing the aggregate number of ADSs surrendered for split-up or combination, by the Holder hereof or by duly authorized attorney upon surrender of this ADR at the Transfer Office properly endorsed (in the case of ADRs in certificated form) or upon delivery to the Depositary of proper instruments of transfer and duly stamped as may be required by applicable law; provided that the Depositary may close the ADR Register (and/or any portion thereof) at any time or from time to time when deemed expedient by it. Additionally, at the reasonable request of the Company, the Depositary may (in its absolute discretion) close the issuance book portion of the ADR Register solely in order to enable the Company to comply with applicable law. At the request of a Holder, the Depositary shall, for the purpose of substituting a certificated ADR with a Direct Registration ADR, or vice versa, execute and deliver a certificated ADR or a Direct Registration ADR, as the case may be, for any authorized number of ADSs requested, evidencing the same aggregate number of ADSs as those evidenced by the certificated ADR or Direct Registration ADR, as the case may be, substituted.

A-3


(4)          Certain Limitations to Registration, Transfer, etc. Prior to the issue, registration, registration of transfer, split-up or combination of any ADR, the delivery of any distribution in respect thereof, or, subject to the last sentence of paragraph (2) (Withdrawal of Deposited Securities), the withdrawal of any Deposited Securities, and from time to time in the case of clause (b)(ii) of this paragraph (4), the Company, the Depositary or the Custodian may require:

(a)          payment with respect thereto of (i) any stock transfer or other tax or other governmental charge, (ii) any stock transfer or registration fees in effect for the registration of transfers of Shares or other Deposited Securities upon any applicable register and (iii) any applicable charges as provided in paragraph (7) (Charges of Depositary) of this ADR;

(b)          the production of proof satisfactory to it of (i) the identity of any signatory and genuineness of any signature and (ii) such other information, including without limitation, information as to citizenship, residence, exchange control approval, beneficial or other ownership of, or interest in, any securities, compliance with applicable law, regulations, provisions of or governing Deposited Securities and terms of the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, as it may deem necessary or proper; and

(c)          compliance with such regulations as the Depositary may establish consistent with the Deposit Agreement.

The issuance of ADRs, the acceptance of deposits of Shares, the registration, registration of transfer, split-up or combination of ADRs or, subject to the last sentence of paragraph (2) (Withdrawal of Deposited Securities), the withdrawal and delivery of Deposited Securities may be suspended, generally or in particular instances, when the ADR Register or any register for Deposited Securities is closed or when any such action is deemed required, necessary or advisable by the Depositary.

(5)          Liability of Holder or Beneficial Owner for Taxes, Duties and Other Charges.

(a)          Liability for Taxes. If any tax or other governmental charges (including any penalties and/or interest) shall become payable by or on behalf of the Custodian or the Depositary with respect to this ADR, any Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced hereby or any distribution thereon, such tax or other governmental charge shall be paid by the Holder hereof to the Depositary and by holding or owning, or having held or owned, this ADR or any ADSs evidenced hereby, the Holder and all Beneficial Owners hereof and thereof, and all prior Holders and Beneficial Owners hereof and thereof, jointly and severally, agree to indemnify, defend and save harmless each of the Depositary and its agents in respect of such tax or other governmental charge. Neither the Company nor the Depositary, nor any of their respective agents, shall be liable to Holders or Beneficial Owners of the ADSs and ADRs for failure of any of them to comply with applicable tax laws, rules and/or regulations. Notwithstanding the Depositary’s right to seek payment from current and former Beneficial Owners, by holding or owning, or having held or owned, an ADR, the Holder hereof (and prior Holder hereof) acknowledges and agrees that the Depositary has no obligation to seek payment of amounts owing under this paragraph (5) from any current or former Beneficial Owner. The Depositary may refuse to effect any registration, registration of transfer, split-up or combination hereof or, subject to the last sentence of paragraph (2) (Withdrawal of Deposited Securities), any withdrawal of such Deposited Securities until such payment is made. The Depositary may also deduct from any distributions on or in respect of Deposited Securities, or may sell by public or private sale for the account of the Holder hereof any part or all of such Deposited Securities, and may apply such deduction or the proceeds of any such sale in payment of such tax or other governmental charge, the Holder hereof remaining liable for any deficiency, and shall reduce the number of ADSs evidenced hereby to reflect any such sales of Shares. In connection with any distribution to Holders, the Company or its agents will remit to the appropriate governmental authority or agency all amounts (if any) required to be withheld and owing to such authority or agency by the Company; and the Depositary and the Custodian will remit to the appropriate governmental authority or agency all amounts (if any) required to be withheld and owing to such authority or agency by the Depositary or the Custodian. If the Depositary determines that any distribution in property other than cash (including Shares or rights) on Deposited Securities is subject to any tax that the Depositary or the Custodian is obligated to withhold, the Depositary may dispose of all or a portion of such property in such amounts and in such manner as the Depositary deems necessary and practicable to pay such taxes, by public or private sale, and the Depositary shall distribute the net proceeds of any such sale or the balance of any such property after deduction of such taxes to the Holders entitled thereto.

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(b)          Indemnifications Related to Taxes. Each Holder and Beneficial Owner agrees to indemnify the Depositary, the Company, the Custodian and any of their respective officers, directors, employees, agents and affiliates against, and hold each of them harmless from, any claims by any governmental authority with respect to taxes, additions to tax, penalties or interest arising out of any refund of taxes, reduced rate of withholding at source or other tax benefit obtained which obligations shall survive any transfer or surrender of ADSs or the termination of the Deposit Agreement.

(6)          Disclosure of Interests.

(a)          General. To the extent that the provisions of or governing any Deposited Securities (including the Articles and applicable English law) may require disclosure of or impose limits on beneficial or other ownership of, or interest in, Deposited Securities, other Shares and other securities and may provide for blocking transfer, voting or other rights to enforce such disclosure or limits, Holders and Beneficial Owners agree to comply with all such disclosure requirements and ownership limitations and to comply with any reasonable Company instructions in respect thereof. The Company reserves the right to instruct Holders to (i) provide information (a) as to the capacity in which such Holders own or owned ADSs, (b) regarding the identity of any other persons then or previously owning interests in such ADSs and (c) regarding the nature of such interest and various other matters pursuant to applicable law or the Articles or such other corporate document of the Company, all as if such ADSs were to the extent practicable the underlying Shares. Each Holder agrees to provide any information requested by or on behalf of the Company pursuant to this paragraph 6 (a) whether or not such person is still a Holder at the time of the request, and (ii) deliver their ADSs for cancellation and withdrawal of the Deposited Securities so as to permit the Company to deal directly with the Holder thereof as a holder of Shares and Holders agree to comply with such instructions. The Depositary agrees to (i) cooperate with the Company in its efforts to inform Holders of the Company’s exercise of its rights under this paragraph and agrees to forward to the Company any responses to such requests received by the Depositary and (ii) consult with, and provide reasonable assistance without risk, liability or expense on the part of the Depositary, to the Company on the manner or manners in which the Company may implement such requirements with respect to any Holder.

(b)          Jurisdiction Specific. Notwithstanding any provision of the Deposit Agreement or of the ADRs and without limiting the foregoing, by being a Holder, each such Holder agrees to provide such information as the Company may request in a disclosure notice (a “Disclosure Notice”) given pursuant to the United Kingdom Companies Act 2006 (as amended from time to time and including any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof, the “Companies Act”) or the Articles. By accepting or holding an ADR, each Holder acknowledges that it understands that failure to comply with a Disclosure Notice may result in the imposition of sanctions against the holder of the Shares in respect of which the non-complying person is or was, or appears to be or has been, interested as provided in the Companies Act and the Articles which currently include, the withdrawal of the voting rights of such Shares and the imposition of restrictions on the rights to receive dividends on and to transfer such Shares. In addition, by accepting or holding an ADR, each Holder agrees to comply with the provisions of the United Kingdom Disclosure and Transparency Rules (as amended from time to time, the “DTRs”) with regard to the notification to the Company of interests in Shares and certain financial instruments, which currently provide, inter alia, that a Holder must notify the Company of the percentage of its voting rights he holds as shareholder or holds or is deemed to hold through his direct or indirect holding of certain financial instruments (or a combination of such holdings) if the percentage of those voting rights (i) reaches, exceeds or falls below 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% and each 1% threshold thereafter up to 100% as a result of an acquisition or disposal of Shares or certain financial instruments, or (ii) reaches, exceeds or falls below such applicable thresholds as a result of events changing the breakdown of voting rights and on the basis of information disclosed by the Company in accordance with the DTRs. The notification must be effected as soon as possible, but not later than two trading days after the Holder (a) learns of the acquisition or disposal or of the possibility of exercising voting rights, or on which, having regard to the circumstances, should have learned of it, regardless of the date on which the acquisition, disposal or possibility of exercising voting rights takes effect, or (b) is informed of the event mentioned in (ii) above.

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Any summary of the laws and regulations of the United Kingdom and of the terms of the Company’s constituent documents has been provided by the Company solely for the convenience of Holders, Beneficial Owners and the Depositary. While such summaries are believed by the Company to be accurate as of the date of the Deposit Agreement, they are (i) summaries and as such may not include all aspects of the materials summarized as applicable to a Holder or Beneficial Owner, and (ii) provided by the Company as of the date of the Deposit Agreement. The Holder or Beneficial Owner acknowledges that these laws and regulations and the Company’s constituent documents may change after the date of the Deposit Agreement. Neither the Depositary nor the Company has any obligation to update any such summaries.

(7)          Charges of Depositary.

(a)          Rights of the Depositary. The Depositary may charge, and collect from, (i) each person to whom ADSs are issued, including, without limitation, issuances against deposits of Shares, issuances in respect of Share Distributions, Rights and Other Distributions (as such terms are defined in paragraph (10) (Distributions on Deposited Securities)), issuances pursuant to a stock dividend or stock split declared by the Company, or issuances pursuant to a merger, exchange of securities or any other transaction or event affecting the ADSs or the Deposited Securities, and (ii) each person surrendering ADSs for withdrawal of Deposited Securities or whose ADSs are cancelled or reduced for any other reason, U.S.$5.00 for each 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) issued, exchanged, delivered, reduced, cancelled or surrendered, or upon which a Share Distribution or elective distribution is made or offered (as the case may be). The Depositary may sell (by public or private sale) sufficient securities and property received in respect of Share Distributions, Rights and Other Distributions prior to such deposit to pay such charge.

(b)          Additional Fees, Charges and Expenses by the Depositary. The following additional fees, charges and expenses shall also be incurred by the Holders, the Beneficial Owners, by any party depositing or withdrawing Shares or by any party surrendering ADSs and/or to whom ADSs are issued (including, without limitation, issuances pursuant to a stock dividend or stock split declared by the Company or an exchange of stock regarding the ADSs or the Deposited Securities or a distribution of ADSs pursuant to paragraph (10) (Distributions on Deposited Securities)), whichever is applicable:


(i)
a fee of U.S.$0.05 or less per ADS held for any Cash distribution made, or for any elective cash/stock dividend offered, pursuant to the Deposit Agreement,


(ii)
a fee for the distribution or sale of securities pursuant to paragraph (10) hereof, such fee being in an amount equal to the fee for the execution and delivery of ADSs referred to above which would have been charged as a result of the deposit of such securities (for purposes of this paragraph (7) treating all such securities as if they were Shares) but which securities or the net cash proceeds from the sale thereof are instead distributed by the Depositary to Holders entitled thereto,

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(iii)
an aggregate fee of U.S.$0.05 or less per ADS per calendar year (or portion thereof) for services performed by the Depositary in administering the ADRs (which fee may be charged on a periodic basis during each calendar year and shall be assessed against Holders as of the record date or record dates set by the Depositary during each calendar year and shall be payable at the sole discretion of the Depositary by billing such Holders or by deducting such charge from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions), and


(iv)
an amount for the reimbursement of such charges and expenses as are incurred by the Depositary and/or any of its agents (including, without limitation, the Custodian and charges and expenses incurred on behalf of Holders in connection with compliance with foreign exchange control regulations or any law or regulation relating to foreign investment) in connection with the servicing of the Shares or other Deposited Securities, the sale of securities (including, without limitation, Deposited Securities), the delivery of Deposited Securities or otherwise in connection with the Depositary’s or its Custodian’s compliance with applicable law, rule or regulation (which charges and expenses may be assessed on a proportionate basis against Holders as of the record date or dates set by the Depositary and shall be payable at the sole discretion of the Depositary by billing such Holders or by deducting such charge or expense from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions).

(c)          Other Obligations, Fees, Charges and Expenses. The Company will pay all other fees, charges and expenses of the Depositary and any agent of the Depositary (except the Custodian) pursuant to agreements from time to time between the Company and the Depositary, except:


(i)
stock transfer or other taxes and other governmental charges (which are payable by Holders or persons depositing Shares);


(ii)
a transaction fee per cancellation request (including any cancellation request made through SWIFT, facsimile transmission or any other method of communication) as disclosed on the “Disclosures” page (or successor page) of www.adr.com (as updated by the Depositary from time to time, “ADR.com”) and any applicable delivery expenses (which are payable by such persons or Holders); and


(iii)
transfer or registration expenses for the registration or transfer of Deposited Securities on any applicable register in connection with the deposit or withdrawal of Deposited Securities (which are payable by persons depositing Shares or Holders withdrawing Deposited Securities).

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(d)          Foreign Exchange Related Matters. To facilitate the administration of various depositary receipt transactions, including disbursement of dividends or other cash distributions and other corporate actions, the Depositary may engage the foreign exchange desk within JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “Bank”) and/or its affiliates in order to enter into spot foreign exchange transactions to convert foreign currency into U.S. dollars (“FX Transactions”). For certain currencies, FX Transactions are entered into with the Bank or an affiliate, as the case may be, acting in a principal capacity. For other currencies, FX Transactions are routed directly to and managed by an unaffiliated local custodian (or other third-party local liquidity provider), and neither the Bank nor any of its affiliates is a party to such FX Transactions.

The foreign exchange rate applied to an FX Transaction will be either (i) a published benchmark rate, or (ii) a rate determined by a third-party local liquidity provider, in each case plus or minus a spread, as applicable. The Depositary will disclose which foreign exchange rate and spread, if any, apply to such currency on the “Disclosures” page (or successor page) of ADR.com. Such applicable foreign exchange rate and spread may (and neither the Depositary, the Bank nor any of their affiliates is under any obligation to ensure that such rate does not) differ from rates and spreads at which comparable transactions are entered into with other customers or the range of foreign exchange rates and spreads at which the Bank or any of its affiliates enters into foreign exchange transactions in the relevant currency pair on the date of the FX Transaction. Additionally, the timing of execution of an FX Transaction varies according to local market dynamics, which may include regulatory requirements, market hours and liquidity in the foreign exchange market or other factors. Furthermore, the Bank and its affiliates may manage the associated risks of their position in the market in a manner they deem appropriate without regard to the impact of such activities on the Company, the Depositary, Holders or Beneficial Owners. The spread applied does not reflect any gains or losses that may be earned or incurred by the Bank and its affiliates as a result of risk management or other hedging related activity.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent the Company provides U.S. dollars to the Depositary, neither the Bank nor any of its affiliates will execute an FX Transaction as set forth herein. In such case, the Depositary will distribute the U.S. dollars received from the Company.

Further details relating to the applicable foreign exchange rate, the applicable spread and the execution of FX Transactions will be provided by the Depositary on ADR.com. The Company, Holders and Beneficial Owners each acknowledge and agree that the terms applicable to FX Transactions disclosed from time to time on ADR.com will apply to any FX Transaction executed pursuant to the Deposit Agreement.

(e)          The right of the Depositary to receive payment of fees, charges and expenses as provided above shall survive the termination of the Deposit Agreement. As to any Depositary, upon the resignation or removal of such Depositary, such right shall extend for those fees, charges and expenses incurred prior to the effectiveness of such resignation or removal.

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(f)          Disclosure of Potential Depositary Payments. The Depositary anticipates reimbursing the Company for certain expenses incurred by the Company that are related to the establishment and maintenance of the ADR program upon such terms and conditions as the Company and the Depositary may agree from time to time. The Depositary may make available to the Company a set amount or a portion of the Depositary fees charged in respect of the ADR program or otherwise upon such terms and conditions as the Company and the Depositary may agree from time to time.

(8)          Available Information. The Deposit Agreement, the provisions of or governing Deposited Securities and any written communications from the Company, which are both received by the Custodian or its nominee as a holder of Deposited Securities and made generally available to the holders of Deposited Securities, are available for inspection by Holders at the offices of the Depositary and the Custodian, at the Transfer Office, on the Internet Website of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“Commission”) (www.sec.gov), or upon request from the Depositary (which request may be refused by the Depositary at its discretion).

The Company is subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and accordingly files certain reports with the Commission. These reports can be inspected and retrieved by Holders and Beneficial Owners through the EDGAR system on the Commission’s Internet Website at www.sec.gov and can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission, currently located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549.

(9)          Execution. This ADR shall not be valid for any purpose unless executed by the Depositary by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized officer of the Depositary.

Dated:

 
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., as Depositary
 
       

By:

 
   
 Authorized Officer  
       
 
 
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The Depositary’s office is located at 383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11, New York, New York 10179.

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[FORM OF REVERSE OF ADR]

(10)          Distributions on Deposited Securities. Subject to paragraphs (4) (Certain Limitations to Registration, Transfer etc.) and (5) (Liability of Holder or Beneficial Owner for Taxes, Duties and other Charges), to the extent practicable, the Depositary will distribute to each Holder entitled thereto on the record date set by the Depositary therefor at such Holder’s address shown on the ADR Register, in proportion to the number of Deposited Securities (on which the following distributions on Deposited Securities are received by the Custodian) represented by ADSs evidenced by such Holder’s ADRs:

(a)          Cash. Any U.S. dollars available to the Depositary resulting from a cash dividend or other cash distribution or the net proceeds of sales of any other distribution or portion thereof authorized in this paragraph (10) (“Cash”), on an averaged or other practicable basis, subject to (i) appropriate adjustments for taxes withheld, (ii) such distribution being impermissible or impracticable with respect to certain Holders, and (iii) deduction of the Depositary’s and/or its agents’ fees and expenses in (1) converting any foreign currency to U.S. dollars by sale or in such other manner as the Depositary may determine to the extent that it determines that such conversion may be made on a reasonable basis, (2) transferring foreign currency or U.S. dollars to the United States by such means as the Depositary may determine to the extent that it determines that such transfer may be made on a reasonable basis, (3) obtaining any approval or license of any governmental authority required for such conversion or transfer, which is obtainable at a reasonable cost and within a reasonable time and (4) making any sale by public or private means in any commercially reasonable manner. To the extent that any of the deposited Shares is not or shall not be entitled, by reason of its date of issuance, or otherwise, to receive the full amount of such cash dividend or distribution, the Depositary shall make appropriate adjustments in the amounts distributed to the Holders issued in respect of such Shares. To the extent the Company or the Depositary shall be required to withhold and does withhold from any cash dividend or other cash distribution in respect of any Deposited Securities an amount on account of taxes, the amount distributed on the ADSs issued in respect of such Deposited Securities shall be reduced accordingly.

To the extent the Depositary does not reasonably believe that it will be permitted by applicable law, rule or regulation, or it would not otherwise be practicable, to convert foreign currency into U.S. dollars and/or distribute U.S. dollars to some or all Holders, the Depositary may in its discretion distribute the foreign currency received by the Depositary to, or hold such foreign currency uninvested and without liability for interest for the respective accounts of, the Holders entitled to receive the same. To the extent the Depositary holds such foreign currency, any and all fees, charges and expenses related to, or arising from, the holding of such foreign currency (including, but not limited to those provided in paragraph (7) of the Form of ADR (Charges of Depositary)) shall be paid from such foreign currency thereby reducing the amount so held hereunder.

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(b)          Shares. (i) Additional ADRs evidencing whole ADSs representing any Shares available to the Depositary resulting from a dividend or free distribution on Deposited Securities consisting of Shares (a “Share Distribution”) and (ii) U.S. dollars available to it resulting from the net proceeds of sales of Shares received in a Share Distribution, which Shares would give rise to fractional ADSs if additional ADRs were issued therefor, as in the case of Cash.

(c)          Rights. (i) Warrants or other instruments in the discretion of the Depositary representing rights to acquire additional ADRs in respect of any rights to subscribe for additional Shares or rights of any nature available to the Depositary as a result of a distribution on Deposited Securities (“Rights”), to the extent that the Company timely furnishes to the Depositary evidence satisfactory to the Depositary that the Depositary may lawfully distribute the same (the Company has no obligation to so furnish such evidence), or (ii) to the extent the Company does not so furnish such evidence and sales of Rights are practicable, any U.S. dollars available to the Depositary from the net proceeds of sales of Rights as in the case of Cash, or (iii) to the extent the Company does not so furnish such evidence and such sales cannot practicably be accomplished by reason of the nontransferability of the Rights, limited markets therefor, their short duration or otherwise, nothing (and any Rights may lapse).

(d)          Other Distributions. (i) Securities or property available to the Depositary resulting from any distribution on Deposited Securities other than Cash, Share Distributions and Rights (“Other Distributions”), by any means that the Depositary may deem equitable and practicable, or (ii) to the extent the Depositary deems distribution of such securities or property not to be equitable and practicable, any U.S. dollars available to the Depositary from the net proceeds of sales of Other Distributions as in the case of Cash.

To the extent that the Depositary determines in its discretion that any distribution pursuant to this paragraph (10) is not practicable with respect to any or all Holders, the Depositary, after consultation with the Company (to the extent reasonably practicable), may make such distribution as it so deems practicable, including the distribution of all or a portion of any U.S. dollars, foreign currency, securities or other property (or appropriate documents evidencing the right to receive all or a portion of any such U.S. dollars, foreign currency, securities or other property) and/or the Depositary may retain and hold all or a portion of such U.S. dollars, foreign currency, securities or other property as Deposited Securities with respect to the applicable Holders’ ADRs (without liability for interest thereon or the investment thereof).

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The Depositary reserves the right to utilize a division, branch or affiliate of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. to direct, manage and/or execute any public and/or private sale of securities hereunder. Such division, branch and/or affiliate may charge the Depositary a fee in connection with such sales, which fee is considered an expense of the Depositary contemplated above and/or under paragraph (7) (Charges of Depositary). Any U.S. dollars available will be distributed by checks drawn on a bank in the United States for whole dollars and cents. Fractional cents will be withheld without liability and dealt with by the Depositary in accordance with its then current practices. All purchases and sales of securities will be handled by the Depositary in accordance with its then current policies, which are currently set forth on the “Disclosures” page (or successor page) of ADR.com, the location and contents of which the Depositary shall be solely responsible for.

(11)          Record Dates. The Depositary may, after consultation with the Company if practicable, fix a record date (which, to the extent applicable, shall be as near as practicable to any corresponding record date set by the Company) for the determination of the Holders who shall be responsible for the fee assessed by the Depositary for administration of the ADR program and for any expenses provided for in paragraph (7) hereof as well as for the determination of the Holders who shall be entitled to receive any distribution on or in respect of Deposited Securities, to give instructions for the exercise of any voting rights, to receive any notice or to act in respect of other matters and only such Holders shall be so entitled or obligated.

(12)          Voting of Deposited Securities.

(a)          Notice of Any Meeting or Solicitation. Subject to the next sentence, as soon as practicable after receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of Shares are entitled to vote, or of solicitation of consents or proxies from holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, the Depositary shall fix the ADS record date in accordance with paragraph (11) above in respect of such meeting or solicitation of consent or proxy. The Depositary shall, if requested by the Company in writing in a timely manner (the Depositary having no obligation to take any further action if the request shall not have been received by the Depositary at least 30 days prior to the date of such vote or meeting) and at the Company’s expense and provided no legal prohibitions exist, distribute to Holders a notice, after consulting the Company as to the form of such notice to the extent practicable, stating (i) such information as is contained in such notice and any solicitation materials, (ii) that each Holder on the record date set by the Depositary therefor will, subject to any applicable provisions of English law, the Articles and the provisions of or governing Deposited Securities, be entitled to either (A) use the voting instruction card prepared by the Depositary, after consulting the Company as to the form of such card to the extent practicable, to request the Depositary, its Custodian or nominee (as appropriate) to appoint the Holder its proxy to attend at that meeting and vote with respect to the number of Shares or other Deposited Securities represented by ADSs evidenced by such Holder’s ADRs or (B) instruct the Depositary as to the exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced by such Holder’s ADRs and (iii) the manner in which such instructions may be given, including instructions to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company. There is no guarantee that Holders generally or any Holder in particular will receive the notice described above with sufficient time to enable such Holder to return any voting instructions to the Depositary in a timely manner.


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(b)          Voting of Deposited Securities. Upon actual receipt by the ADR department of the Depositary of instructions of a Holder on such record date in the manner and on or before the time established by the Depositary for such purpose, the Depositary shall endeavor insofar as practicable and permitted under the provisions of or governing Deposited Securities to cause the appointment (or, if the Deposited Securities are registered in the name of or held by its Custodian or a nominee, the Depositary shall endeavor to procure that the Custodian or its nominee shall cause the appointment), subject to the Articles, of that Holder as a proxy in respect of that meeting (including any adjournment of that meeting) to attend and vote the number of Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced by that ADR or, if the Holder has not requested a proxy to attend the meeting in person, vote or cause to be voted the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs evidenced by such Holder’s ADRs in accordance with such instructions. The Depositary will not itself exercise any voting discretion in respect of any Deposited Securities.

(c)          Alternative Methods of Distributing Materials. Notwithstanding anything contained in the Deposit Agreement or any ADR, the Depositary may, to the extent not prohibited by any law, rule or regulation or by the rules, regulations or requirements of the stock exchange on which the ADSs are listed, in lieu of distribution of the materials provided to the Depositary in connection with any meeting of or solicitation of consents or proxies from holders of Deposited Securities, distribute to the Holders a notice, after consulting the Company as to the form of such notice to the extent practicable, that provides Holders with or otherwise publicizes to Holders instructions on how to retrieve such materials or receive such materials upon request (i.e., by reference to a website containing the materials for retrieval or a contact for requesting copies of the materials). Holders are strongly encouraged to forward their voting instructions as soon as possible. Voting instructions will not be deemed received until such time as the ADR department responsible for proxies and voting has received such instructions, notwithstanding that such instructions may have been physically received by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Depositary, prior to such time.

(13)          Changes Affecting Deposited Securities.

(a)          Subject to paragraphs (4) (Certain Limitations to Registration, Transfer etc.) and (5) (Liability of Holder or Beneficial Owner for Taxes, Duties and Other Charges), the Depositary may, in its discretion, and shall if reasonably requested by the Company, amend this ADR or distribute additional or amended ADRs (with or without calling this ADR for exchange) or cash, securities or property on the record date set by the Depositary therefor to reflect any change in par value, split- up, consolidation, cancellation or other reclassification of Deposited Securities, any Share Distribution or Other Distribution not distributed to Holders or any cash, securities or property available to the Depositary in respect of Deposited Securities from (and the Depositary is hereby authorized to surrender any Deposited Securities to any person and, irrespective of whether such Deposited Securities are surrendered or otherwise cancelled by operation of law, rule, regulation or otherwise, to sell by public or private sale any property received in connection with) any recapitalization, reorganization, merger, consolidation, liquidation, receivership, bankruptcy or sale of all or substantially all the assets of the Company.

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(b)          To the extent the Depositary does not so amend this ADR or make a distribution to Holders to reflect any of the foregoing, or the net proceeds thereof, whatever cash, securities or property results from any of the foregoing shall constitute Deposited Securities and each ADS evidenced by this ADR shall automatically represent its pro rata interest in the Deposited Securities as then constituted.

(c)          Promptly upon the occurrence of any of the aforementioned changes affecting Deposited Securities, the Company shall notify the Depositary in writing of such occurrence and as soon as practicable after receipt of such notice from the Company, may instruct the Depositary to give notice thereof, at the Company’s expense, to Holders in accordance with the provisions hereof. Upon receipt of such instruction, the Depositary shall give notice to the Holders in accordance with the terms thereof, as soon as reasonably practicable.

(14)          Exoneration.

(a)          The Depositary, the Company, and each of their respective directors, officers, employees, agents and affiliates and each of them shall: (i) incur or assume no liability (including, without limitation, to Holders or Beneficial Owners) (A) if any present or future law, rule, regulation, fiat, order or decree of the United Kingdom, the United States or any other country or jurisdiction, or of any governmental or regulatory authority or any securities exchange or market or automated quotation system, the provisions of or governing any Deposited Securities or any securities issued or distributed by the Company or any offering or distribution thereof, any present or future provision of the Articles, any act of God, war, terrorism, epidemic, pandemic, nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, work stoppage, strike, civil unrest, revolutions, rebellions, explosions, cyber, ransomware or malware attack, computer failure or circumstance beyond its direct and immediate control shall prevent, forbid or delay, or shall cause any of them to be subject to any civil or criminal penalty in connection with, any act which the Deposit Agreement or this ADR provides shall be done or performed by it or them (including, without limitation, voting pursuant to paragraph (12) hereof), or (B) by reason of any non-performance or delay, caused as aforesaid, in the performance of any act or things which by the terms of the Deposit Agreement it is provided shall or may be done or performed or any exercise or failure to exercise any discretion given it in the Deposit Agreement or this ADR (including, without limitation, any failure to determine that any distribution or action may be lawful or reasonably practicable); (ii) incur or assume no liability (including, without limitation, to Holders or Beneficial Owners) except to perform its obligations to the extent they are specifically set forth in this ADR and the Deposit Agreement without gross negligence or willful misconduct and the Depositary shall not be a fiduciary or have any fiduciary duty to Holders or Beneficial Owners; (iii) in the case of the Depositary and its agents, be under no obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any action, suit or other proceeding in respect of any Deposited Securities, the ADSs or this ADR; (iv) in the case of the Company and its agents hereunder be under no obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any action, suit or other proceeding in respect of any Deposited Securities, the ADSs or this ADR, which in its opinion may involve it in expense or liability, unless indemnity satisfactory to it against all expense (including fees and disbursements of counsel) and liability be furnished as often as may be required; and (v) not be liable (including, without limitation, to Holders or Beneficial Owners) for any action or inaction by it in reliance upon the advice of or information from any legal counsel, any accountant, any person presenting Shares for deposit, any Holder, or any other person believed by it to be competent to give such advice or information and/or, in the case of the Depositary, the Company, and/or in the case of the Company, the Depositary. The Depositary shall not be liable for the acts or omissions made by, or the insolvency of, any securities depository, clearing agency or settlement system.

A-5


(b)          The Depositary. The Depositary shall not be responsible for, and shall incur no liability in connection with or arising from, the insolvency of any Custodian that is not a branch or affiliate of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. The Depositary shall not have any liability for the price received in connection with any sale of securities, the timing thereof or any delay in action or omission to act nor shall it be responsible for any error or delay in action, omission to act, default or negligence on the part of the party so retained in connection with any such sale or proposed sale. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Deposit Agreement (including the ADRs) and, subject to the further limitations set forth in clause (p) of this paragraph (14), the Depositary shall not be responsible for, and shall incur no liability in connection with or arising from, any act or omission to act on the part of the Custodian except to the extent that any Holder has incurred liability directly as a result of the Custodian having (i) committed fraud or willful misconduct in the provision of custodial services to the Depositary or (ii) failed to use reasonable care in the provision of custodial services to the Depositary as determined in accordance with the standards prevailing in the jurisdiction in which the Custodian is located.

(c)          The Depositary, its agents and the Company may rely and shall be protected in acting upon any written notice, request, direction, instruction or document believed by them to be genuine and to have been signed, presented or given by the proper party or parties.

(d)          The Depositary shall be under no obligation to inform Holders or Beneficial Owners about the requirements of the laws, rules or regulations or any changes therein or thereto of the United Kingdom, the United States or any other country or jurisdiction or of any governmental or regulatory authority or any securities exchange or market or automated quotation system.

(e)          The Depositary and its agents will not be responsible for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote any of the Deposited Securities, for the manner in which any voting instructions are given, including instructions to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company, for the manner in which any vote is cast, including, without limitation, any vote cast by a person to whom the Depositary is instructed to grant a discretionary proxy pursuant to paragraph (12) hereof, or for the effect of any such vote.

(f)          The Depositary may rely upon instructions from the Company or its counsel in respect of any approval or license required for any currency conversion, transfer or distribution.

(g)          The Depositary and its agents may own and deal in any class of securities of the Company and its affiliates and in ADRs.

(h)          Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in the Deposit Agreement or an ADR, the Depositary and its agents may fully respond to any and all demands or requests for information maintained by or on its behalf in connection with the Deposit Agreement, any Holder or Holders, any ADR or ADRs or otherwise related hereto or thereto to the extent such information is requested or required by or pursuant to any lawful authority, including without limitation laws, rules, regulations, administrative or judicial process, banking, securities or other regulators.

(i)          None of the Depositary, the Custodian or the Company, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees, agents or affiliates shall be liable for the failure by any Holder or Beneficial Owner to obtain the benefits of credits or refunds of non-U.S. tax paid against such Holder’s or Beneficial Owner’s income tax liability.

(j)          The Depositary is under no obligation to provide the Holders and Beneficial Owners, or any of them, with any information about the tax status of the Company. None of the Depositary, the Custodian or the Company, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees, agents and affiliates, shall incur any liability for any tax or tax consequences that may be incurred by Holders or Beneficial Owners on account of their ownership or disposition of the ADRs or ADSs.

A-6


(k)          The Depositary shall not incur any liability for the content of any information submitted to it by or on behalf of the Company for distribution to the Holders or for any inaccuracy of any translation thereof, for any investment risk associated with acquiring an interest in the Deposited Securities, for the validity or worth of the Deposited Securities, for the credit-worthiness of any third party, for allowing any rights to lapse upon the terms of the Deposit Agreement or for the failure or timeliness of any notice from the Company.

(l)          Notwithstanding anything herein or in the Deposit Agreement to the contrary, the Depositary and the Custodian(s) may use third-party delivery services and providers of information regarding matters such as, but not limited to, pricing, proxy voting, corporate actions, class action litigation and other services in connection herewith and the Deposit Agreement, and use local agents to provide services such as, but not limited to, attendance at any meetings of security holders. Although the Depositary and the Custodian will use reasonable care (and cause their agents to use reasonable care) in the selection and retention of such third-party providers and local agents, they will not be responsible for any errors or omissions made by them in providing the relevant information or services.

(m)          The Depositary shall not be liable for any acts or omissions made by a successor depositary whether in connection with a previous act or omission of the Depositary or in connection with any matter arising wholly after the removal or resignation of the Depositary.

(n)          By holding an ADS or an interest therein, Holders and Beneficial Owners each acknowledge and agree that (i) such Holders and Beneficial Owners are not shareholders of the Company and have no direct rights of a shareholder against the Company, and that the rights attaching to the Shares represented by the ADSs, and the rights of the Company with respect to the Shares, are governed exclusively by the Articles and the laws of England, (ii) in connection with any matters against the Company, such Holders and Beneficial Owners shall be and are bound by the arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction provisions set out in Section 20 of the Deposit Agreement (as summarized in subparagraph (s) below), (iii) any legal suit, action or proceeding instituted by Holders or Beneficial Owners against or involving the Depositary that does not include the Company as a codefendant or other party, arising out of or based upon this Deposit Agreement, the ADSs or the transactions contemplated herein or therein including any alleged violation of the U.S. federal securities laws, may only be instituted in a state or federal court in New York, New York, and by holding an ADS or an interest therein each irrevocably waives any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding, and (iv) the Depositary may institute any legal suit, action or proceeding against the Holders and/or Beneficial Owners in any state or federal court in New York, New York or any other court having jurisdiction, provided the Company is not included as a co-defendant or other party to such proceeding, and by holding an ADS or an interest therein each irrevocably waives any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any and all such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding.

A-7


(o)          The Company has agreed to indemnify the Depositary and its agents under certain circumstances and the Depositary has agreed to indemnify the Company under certain circumstances.

(p)          Neither the Company, the Depositary nor any of their respective agents shall be liable to Holders or beneficial owners of interests in ADSs for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential damages (including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses) or lost profits, in each case of any form incurred by any person or entity, whether or not foreseeable and regardless of the type of action in which such a claim may be brought.

(q)          No provision of the Deposit Agreement or this ADR is intended to constitute a waiver or limitation of any rights which Holders or Beneficial Owners may have under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, to the extent applicable.

(r)          Arbitration. The Company, the Depositary and each Holder shall be bound by the arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction provisions set forth in this subsection (b) in connection with any Share Dispute, as that term is defined in this paragraph 14(r):


(i)
The term “Share Dispute” is defined as any action, dispute, controversy, claim or cause of action (a) between the Company and Holders and/or owners of interests in ADSs or (b) between and directly involving as named parties each of the Company, the Depositary and one or more Holders and/or owners of interests in ADSs, in each case arising out of, or relating to, this Deposit Agreement, the ADSs or the ADRs or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (whether in tort, in contract, under statute, including for the avoidance of doubt, any derivative claim thereunder, or otherwise), including any question regarding existence, validity, interpretation, breach or termination of the Deposit Agreement and any alleged violation of the U.S. federal securities laws.


(ii)
Any and all Share Disputes shall be finally and exclusively resolved by arbitration under the Rules of Arbitration rules of the International Chamber of Commerce (“ICC”) (the “ICC Rules”), as amended from time to time, which ICC Rules are deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Deposit Agreement.


(iii)
The arbitral tribunal (the “Tribunal”) shall consist of three arbitrators, to be appointed in accordance with the ICC Rules. The chairman of the tribunal must have at least 20 years’ experience as a lawyer qualified to practise in a common law jurisdiction within the Commonwealth (as constituted on 12 May 2005), and each other arbitrator must have at least 20 years’ experience as a qualified lawyer.


(iv)
If any Share Dispute raises issues which are substantially the same as or connected with issues raised in a Share Dispute which has already been referred to arbitration (an “Existing Share Dispute”) or arises out of substantially the same facts as are the subject of an Existing Share Dispute (a “Related Share Dispute”), then the Tribunal appointed or to be appointed in respect of any such Existing Share Dispute shall also be appointed as the Tribunal in respect of any Related Share Dispute, save where the Tribunal considers such appointment would be inappropriate.

A-8




(v)
Where, pursuant to the above provisions, the same Tribunal has been appointed in relation to two or more Related Share Disputes, the Tribunal may order that the whole or part of the matters at issue shall be heard together upon such terms or conditions as the Tribunal thinks fit.


(vi)
The Tribunal shall have power to make such directions and any interim, partial or final awards as it considers just and desirable. The Tribunal, upon the request of a party to a Share Dispute, or another party which itself wishes to be joined in any reference to arbitration commenced in accordance with this Clause, may join any party to the reference to arbitration proceedings and may make a single, final award determining all Share Disputes between them.


(vii)
Each of the parties to the Deposit Agreement hereby agrees to be joined to any reference to arbitration proceedings in relation to any Share Dispute at the request of a party to that Share Dispute, and to accept the joinder of a party requesting to be joined pursuant to this paragraph (14).


(viii)
The place of the arbitration shall be London, the United Kingdom. The language of the arbitration shall be English.


(ix)
Each person hereby waives, as far as permitted by law: (a) any right under the laws of any jurisdiction to apply to any court of law or other judicial authority to determine any preliminary point of law, and/or (b) any right he or she may otherwise have under the laws of any jurisdiction to appeal or otherwise challenge the award, ruling or decision of the tribunal.


(x)
The governing law applicable to such Share Dispute, including the submission to arbitration and written arbitration agreement contained in or evidenced by the Articles, shall be the substantive law of England.


(xi)
If any court of competent jurisdiction or other competent authority including for the avoidance of doubt, a court or authority in any jurisdiction which is not a signatory to the New York Convention in any jurisdiction determines that this arbitration provision is invalid or unenforceable in relation to any Share Dispute, the Company and the Holder or owner of interests in ADSs, in each case, irrevocably agree that any related proceeding, suit or action can only be brought in the courts of England and Wales and the governing law applicable to such proceedings shall be the substantive law of England.

(s)          Nothing in the Deposit Agreement or any ADR shall be construed to change or alter the Articles. The Company will make a copy of the Articles available to Holders upon request.

A-9


(15)          Resignation and Removal of Depositary; the Custodian.

(a)          Resignation. The Depositary may resign as Depositary by written notice of its election to do so delivered to the Company, such resignation to take effect upon the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as provided in the Deposit Agreement.

(b)          Removal. The Depositary may at any time be removed by the Company by no less than 60 days’ prior written notice of such removal, to become effective upon the later of (i) the 60th day after delivery of the notice to the Depositary and (ii) the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as provided in the Deposit Agreement.

(c)          The Custodian. The Depositary may appoint substitute or additional Custodians and the term “Custodian” refers to each Custodian or all Custodians as the context requires.

(16)          Amendment. Subject to the last sentence of paragraph (2) (Withdrawal of Deposited Securities), the ADRs and the Deposit Agreement may be amended by the Company and the Depositary, provided that any amendment that imposes or increases any fees, charges or expenses on a per ADS basis (other than stock transfer or other taxes and other governmental charges, transfer or registration fees, the transaction fee per cancellation request (including any cancellation request made through SWIFT, facsimile transmission or any other method of communication) described in paragraph (7)(c)(ii) (Charges of Depositary) of the form of ADR, applicable delivery expenses or other such fees, charges or expenses), or that shall otherwise prejudice any substantial existing right of Holders or Beneficial Owners, shall become effective 30 days after notice of such amendment shall have been given to the Holders. Every Holder and Beneficial Owner at the time any amendment to the Deposit Agreement so becomes effective shall be deemed, by continuing to hold such ADR, to consent and agree to such amendment and to be bound by the Deposit Agreement as amended thereby. In no event shall any amendment impair the right of the Holder of any ADR to surrender such ADR and receive the Deposited Securities represented thereby, except in order to comply with mandatory provisions of applicable law. Any amendments or supplements that (i) are reasonably necessary (as agreed by the Company and the Depositary) in order for (a) the ADSs to be registered on Form F-6 under the Securities Act of 1933 or (b) the ADSs or Shares to be traded solely in electronic book-entry form and (ii) do not in either such case impose or increase any fees or charges to be borne by Holders, shall be deemed not to prejudice any substantial rights of Holders or Beneficial Owners. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any governmental body or regulatory body should adopt new laws, rules or regulations or should there be changes to the Articles which would require amendment or supplement of the Deposit Agreement or the form of ADR to ensure compliance therewith, the Company and the Depositary may amend or supplement the Deposit Agreement and the ADR at any time in accordance with such changed laws, rules or regulations. Such amendment or supplement to the Deposit Agreement in such circumstances may become effective before a notice of such amendment or supplement is given to Holders or within any other period of time as required for compliance. Notice of any amendment to the Deposit Agreement or form of ADRs shall not need to describe in detail the specific amendments effectuated thereby, and failure to describe the specific amendments in any such notice shall not render such notice invalid, provided, however, that, in each such case, the notice given to the Holders identifies a means for Holders and Beneficial Owners to retrieve or receive the text of such amendment (i.e., upon retrieval from the Commission’s, the Depositary’s or the Company’s website or upon request from the Depositary).

A-10


(17)          Termination. The Depositary may, and shall at the written direction of the Company, terminate the Deposit Agreement and this ADR by mailing notice of such termination to the Holders at least 30 days prior to the date fixed in such notice for such termination; provided, however, if the Depositary shall have (i) resigned as Depositary hereunder, notice of such termination by the Depositary shall not be provided to Holders unless a successor depositary shall not be operating hereunder within 60 days of the date of such resignation, or (ii) been removed as Depositary hereunder, notice of such termination by the Depositary shall not be provided to Holders unless a successor depositary shall not be operating hereunder on the 60th day after the Company’s notice of removal was first provided to the Depositary. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Depositary may terminate the Deposit Agreement without notice to the Company, but subject to giving 30 days’ notice to the Holders, under the following circumstances: (i) in the event of the Company’s bankruptcy or insolvency, (ii) if the Shares cease to be listed on an internationally recognized stock exchange, (iii) if the Company effects (or will effect) a redemption of all or substantially all of the Deposited Securities, or a cash or share distribution representing a return of all or substantially all of the value of the Deposited Securities, or (iv) there occurs a merger, consolidation, sale of assets or other transaction as a result of which securities or other property are delivered in exchange for or in lieu of Deposited Securities.

After the date so fixed for termination, the Depositary and its agents will perform no further acts under the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, except to receive and hold (or sell) distributions on Deposited Securities and deliver Deposited Securities being withdrawn. As soon as practicable after the date so fixed for termination, the Depositary shall use its reasonable efforts to sell the Deposited Securities and shall thereafter (as long as it may lawfully do so) hold in an account (which may be a segregated or unsegregated account) the net proceeds of such sales, together with any other cash then held by it under the Deposit Agreement, without liability for interest, in trust for the pro rata benefit of the Holders of ADRs not theretofore surrendered. After making such sale, the Depositary shall be discharged from all obligations in respect of the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, except to account for such net proceeds and other cash. After the date so fixed for termination, the Company shall be discharged from all obligations under the Deposit Agreement except for its obligations to the Depositary and its agents.

(18)          Appointment; Acknowledgements and Agreements. Each Holder and each Beneficial Owner, upon acceptance of any ADSs or ADRs (or any interest in any of them) issued in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement shall be deemed for all purposes to (a) be a party to and bound by the terms of the Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s), (b) appoint the Depositary its attorney-in-fact, with full power to delegate, to act on its behalf and to take any and all actions contemplated in the Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s), to adopt any and all procedures necessary to comply with applicable law and to take such action as the Depositary in its sole discretion may deem necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s), the taking of such actions to be the conclusive determinant of the necessity and appropriateness thereof, and (c) acknowledge and agree that (i) nothing in the Deposit Agreement or any ADR shall give rise to a partnership or joint venture among the parties thereto nor establish a fiduciary or similar relationship among such parties, (ii) the Depositary, its divisions, branches and affiliates, and their respective agents, may from time to time be in the possession of non-public information about the Company, Holders, Beneficial Owners and/or their respective affiliates, (iii) the Depositary and its divisions, branches and affiliates may at any time have multiple banking relationships with the Company, Holders, Beneficial Owners and/or the affiliates of any of them, (iv) the Depositary and its divisions, branches and affiliates may, from time to time, be engaged in transactions in which parties adverse to the Company or the Holders or Beneficial Owners and/or their respective affiliates may have interests, (v) nothing contained in the Deposit Agreement or any ADR(s) shall (A) preclude the Depositary or any of its divisions, branches or affiliates from engaging in such transactions or establishing or maintaining such relationships, or (B) obligate the Depositary or any of its divisions, branches or affiliates to disclose such transactions or relationships or to account for any profit made or payment received in such transactions or relationships, (vi) the Depositary shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any information held by any branch, division or affiliate of the Depositary, and (vii) notice to a Holder shall be deemed, for all purposes of the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, to constitute notice to any and all Beneficial Owners of the ADSs evidenced by such Holder’s ADRs. For all purposes under the Deposit Agreement and this ADR, the Holder hereof shall be deemed to have all requisite authority to act on behalf of any and all Beneficial Owners of the ADSs evidenced by this ADR.

A-11


(19)          Waiver. EACH PARTY TO THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT (INCLUDING, FOR AVOIDANCE OF DOUBT, EACH HOLDER AND BENEFICIAL OWNER OF, AND/OR HOLDER OF INTERESTS IN, ADSS OR ADRS) HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING AGAINST THE DEPOSITARY AND/OR THE COMPANY DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, BASED ON OR RELATING IN ANY WAY TO THE SHARES OR OTHER DEPOSITED SECURITIES, THE ADSs OR THE ADRs, THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREIN OR THEREIN, OR THE BREACH HEREOF OR THEREOF (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, COMMON LAW OR ANY OTHER THEORY), INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY SUIT, ACTION, CLAIM OR PROCEEDING UNDER THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS. No provision of the Deposit Agreement or this ADR is intended to constitute a waiver or limitation of any rights which a Holder or any Beneficial Owner may have under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, to the extent applicable.

(20)          Elective Distributions in Cash or Shares. Whenever the Company shall declare a dividend to be payable at the election of the holders of Shares in cash or in additional Shares (each an “Elective Distribution”), the Company and the Depositary agree to consult with each other to determine if it is reasonably practicable to extend such Elective Distribution to Holders and on the terms and procedures thereof. In connection with each Elective Distribution, the Company shall furnish an opinion of U.S. counsel to the Company, which counsel and opinion shall be reasonably acceptable to the Depositary, to the effect that the Company may make the Elective Distribution available to Holders and the Depositary may extend such Elective Distribution to Holders in each case without registration under the Securities Act of 1933 of the Shares issued pursuant to such Elective Distribution, or, if such opinion has been previously furnished, a letter from such counsel stating that the opinion previously provided may be relied upon by the Depositary as if such opinion were dated and delivered to the Depositary as of the date of such letter. If the Company and the Depositary have agreed that it is reasonably practicable to extend the Elective Distribution to Holders and on the terms and procedures thereof, the Depositary shall, if the Company shall request in writing, make such Elective Distribution available to Holders on the terms and following such procedures as agreed with the Company. If an Elective Distribution is not extended to Holders, the Depositary shall, to the extent permitted by law, distribute to the Holders, on the basis of the same determination as is made in the local market in respect of the Shares for which no election is made, either (x) cash or (y) additional ADSs representing such additional Shares, in each case upon the terms described in paragraph (10) hereof. If an Elective Distribution is extended to Holders, the Depositary shall establish a record date in the manner described in paragraph (11) hereof and inform Holders of the procedures necessary to permit them to participate in such Elective Distribution. Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Company and the Depositary, to the extent a Holder shall make an election with respect to an Elective Distribution, such election shall remain in full force and effect until such time as a notice revoking such election is received from such Holder (in which case the Holder will be treated as having elected to receive the default consideration) or a further election is received from such Holder or the Depositary notifies such Holder that the election previously received from such Holder ceases to be valid for further Elective Distributions. The Company shall assist the Depositary in establishing such procedures to the extent reasonably necessary. Subject to paragraph (7) hereof, if a Holder elects to receive the proposed dividend in cash or ADSs, the dividend shall be distributed upon the terms described in paragraph (10) hereof.

If, at any time after an Elective Distribution, a Holder’s account is solely comprised of a fraction of an ADS, the Company may instruct the Depositary to sell or dispose of such fractional ADS (or the Deposited Securities represented thereby) and to handle the net proceeds from such disposition and/or sale (after deduction of the costs and expenses of such sale) in the manner instructed by the Company, which may involve not delivering such net proceeds to the Holder. Holders are strongly encouraged to review the terms of the Elective Distribution and to consult with their tax advisors prior to taking any action which may result in their account solely comprising of a fractional ADS.

A-12
Exhibit 5.1

 
One Bunhill Row
London EC1Y 8YY
T +44 (0)20 7600 1200
F +44 (0)20 7090 5000
 
 
 
15 December 2023
   
 
Your reference
 
The Directors
Shell plc
Shell Centre
London
SE1 7NA
 
 
Our reference
DVH / AQXD
Direct line
+44 (0)20 7090 4054


Dear Sirs,
 
Registration Statement on Form F-3 of Shell plc dated 15 December 2023
(the “Registration Statement”)
 
We have acted as legal advisers to Shell plc (the “Company”) as to English law in connection with the proposed registration under the United States Securities Act of 1933 (as amended) (the “Securities Act”) of (i) debt securities (the “Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities”) of Shell International Finance B.V. (“Shell Finance”), unconditionally guaranteed by the Company as to the payment of principal, premium (if any) and interest, (ii) debt securities (the “Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities”, and together with the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, the “Guaranteed Debt Securities”) of Shell Finance US Inc. (“Shell Finance US”) unconditionally guaranteed by the Company as to the payment of principal, premium (if any) and interest), (iii) debt securities of the Company (the “Shell Debt Securities” and, together with the Guaranteed Debt Securities, the “Debt Securities”), (iv) debt warrants of the Company (the “Debt Warrants”), (v) equity warrants of the Company (the “Equity Warrants” and, together with the Debt Warrants, the “Warrants”) and (vi) ordinary shares of the Company with a nominal value of €0.07 per share (the “Shares”). We have taken instructions solely from the Company.
 
This opinion is delivered to you in connection with the Registration Statement to be filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on 15 December 2023. Other than in connection with the Registration Statement and the issuance of any securities registered thereby, this opinion is not to be transmitted to anyone else nor is it to be reproduced, quoted, summarised or relied upon by anyone else or for any other purpose or quoted or referred to in any public document or filed with anyone without our express written consent. We have not been concerned with investigating or verifying the facts set out in the Registration Statement.
 

SJ Cooke
PP Chappatte
DL Finkler
SP Hall
SR Galbraith
JAD Marks
DJO Schaffer
DR Johnson
RA Swallow
CS Cameron
BJ-PF Louveaux
E Michael
RR Ogle
HL Davies
JC Putnis
RA Sumroy
JC Cotton
RJ Turnill
CNR Jeffs
SR Nicholls
MJ Tobin
DG Watkins
BKP Yu
EC Brown
J Edwarde
AD Jolly
JS Nevin
JA Papanichola
RA Byk
GA Miles
GE O'Keefe
MD Zerdin
RL Cousin
IAM Taylor
DA Ives
MC Lane
LMC Chung
RJ Smith
MD’AS Corbett
PIR Dickson
IS Johnson
RM Jones
EJ Fife
JP Stacey
LJ Wright
JP Clark
WHJ Ellison
AM Lyle-Smythe
A Nassiri
DE Robertson
TA Vickers
RA Innes
CP McGaffin
CL Phillips
SVK Wokes
NSA Bonsall
RCT Jeens
V MacDuff
PL Mudie
DM Taylor
RJ Todd
WJ Turtle
OJ Wicker
DJO Blaikie
CVK Boney
F de Falco
SNL Hughes
PR Linnard
KA O’Connell
N Yeung
CJCN Choi
NM Pacheco
CL Sanger
HE Ware
HJ Bacon
TR Blanchard
NL Cook
AJ Dustan
HEB Hecht
CL Jackson
OR Moir
S Shah
G Kamalanathan
JE Cook
CA Cooke
LJ Houston
CW McGarel-Groves
PD Wickham
RR Hilton
KM Howes
CR Osborne
MJ Sandler
CM Sharpe
JM Slade
WCW Brennand
DJG Hay
TG Newey
LJE Nsoatabe
PJC O’Malley
SE Osprey
DA Shone
S Sriram
HK Sumanasuriya
SC Tysoe
Authorised and regulated
by the Solicitors
Regulation Authority
Firm SRA number 55388









583178901



For the purposes of this opinion, we have examined copies of the following documents:

1.
the form of senior indenture filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement, to be entered into between the Company and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (the “Shell Senior Indenture”);

2.
the form of subordinated indenture filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registration Statement, to be entered into between the Company and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (the “Shell Subordinated Indenture” and, together with the Shell Senior Indenture, the “Shell Indentures”);

3.
the senior indenture dated as of 27 June 2006 filed as Exhibit 4.3 to the Registration Statement, entered into between Shell Finance, the Company and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (the “Shell Finance Senior Indenture”) including the guarantee to be given by the Company (the “Shell Finance Senior Guarantee”);

4.
the form of subordinated indenture filed as Exhibit 4.4 to the Registration Statement, to be entered into between Shell Finance, the Company and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (the “Shell Finance Subordinated Indenture” and, together with the Shell Finance Senior Indenture, the “Shell Finance Indentures”) including the guarantee to be given by the Company (the “Shell Finance Subordinated Guarantee” and, together with the Shell Finance Senior Guarantee, the “Shell Finance Guarantees”);

5.
the form of senior indenture filed as Exhibit 4.5 to the Registration Statement, to be entered into between Shell Finance US, the Company and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (the “Shell Finance US Senior Indenture”) including the guarantee to be given by the Company (the “Shell Finance US Senior Guarantee”);

6.
the form of subordinated indenture filed as Exhibit 4.6 to the Registration Statement, to be entered into between Shell Finance US, the Company and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (the “Shell Finance US Subordinated Indenture” and, together with the Shell Finance US Senior Indenture, the “Shell Finance US Indentures” and, together with the Shell Indentures and the Shell Finance Indentures, the “Indentures”) including the guarantee to be given by the Company (the “Shell Finance US Subordinated Guarantee” and, together with the Shell Finance US Senior Guarantee, the “Shell Finance US Guarantees” and, together with the Shell Finance Guarantees, the “Guarantees”);

7.
the form of senior debt security of the Company filed as Exhibit 4.7 to the Registration Statement;

8.
the form of subordinated debt security of the Company filed as Exhibit 4.8 to the Registration Statement;

9.
the form of senior debt security of Shell Finance filed as Exhibit 4.9 to the Registration Statement;




10.
the form of subordinated debt security of Shell Finance filed as Exhibit 4.10 to the Registration Statement;

11.
the form of senior debt security of Shell Finance US filed as Exhibit 4.11 to the Registration Statement;

12.
the form of subordinated debt security of Shell Finance US filed as Exhibit 4.12 to the Registration Statement;

13.
the Articles of Association of the Company dated 23 May 2023 filed as Exhibit 4.15 to the Registration Statement;

14.
the Memorandum of Association of the Company, together with a special resolution of the Company dated 18 May 2010, filed as Exhibit 4.16 to the Registration Statement;

15.
a copy of a certificate of the Deputy Secretary of the Company dated 15 December 2023 and the documents annexed thereto; and

16.
copies of the certificate of incorporation of the Company and the certificates of incorporation on change of name and re-registration as a public company of the Company.

For the purposes of this opinion, we have also carried out (i) a search at the Registrar of Companies in respect of the Company on 15 December 2023 and (ii) a telephone search at the Central Registry of Winding-Up Petitions in respect of the Company on 15 December 2023 (together, the “Searches”).

This letter sets out our opinion on certain matters of English law as at today’s date and as currently applied by the English courts as at the date of this letter.  We have not made any investigation of, and do not express any opinion on, any other law, in particular the laws of the State of New York (“New York law”) and of the United States of America.  This letter is to be governed by and construed in accordance with English law.




For the purposes of this letter, we have assumed each of the following:


(A)
That all signatures on the executed documents which, or copies of which, we have examined are genuine.


(B)
The capacity, power and authority of each party other than the Company to execute, deliver and exercise its rights and perform its obligations under the Indentures.


(C)
The conformity to original documents of all copy (including electronic copy) documents examined by us.


(D)
That the Indentures and the Guarantees will have been duly executed and delivered by the parties thereto in the form examined by us (subject to any minor amendment having no bearing on our opinion set out in this letter).


(E)
The accuracy and completeness of the statements made in the certificate of the Deputy Secretary of the Company referred to in paragraph 15 above, and that such certificate and statements remain true, accurate and complete as at the date of this opinion and as at each date on which Debt Securities, Warrants and Shares are, from time to time, issued.


(F)
That: (i) no proposal for a voluntary arrangement has been made, or moratorium obtained, in relation to the Company under Part I or Part A1 of the Insolvency Act 1986 (as amended), (ii) the Company has not given any notice in relation to or passed any winding-up resolution, (iii) no application or filing has been made or petition presented to a court, and no order has been made by a court, for the winding-up or administration of, or commencement of a moratorium in relation to, the Company, and no step has been taken to strike off or dissolve the Company, (iv) no liquidator, administrator, monitor, nominee, supervisor, receiver, administrative receiver, trustee in bankruptcy or similar officer has been appointed in relation to the Company or any of its assets or revenues, and no notice has been given or filed in relation to the appointment of such an officer, and (v) no insolvency proceedings or analogous procedures have been commenced in any jurisdiction outside England and Wales in relation to the Company or any of its assets or revenues.


(G)
That: (i) the information disclosed by the Searches was complete, accurate and up to date as at the date each was conducted and has not since then been altered or added to; and (ii) the Searches did not fail to disclose any information relevant for the purposes of this opinion.


(H)
The debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees and the Shell Debt Securities and the Debt Securities will be valid and binding on the parties under New York law by which law the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities and the Debt Securities are expressed to be governed.


(I)
The equity warrant agreements relating to the Equity Warrants and the Equity Warrants will be governed by English law.


(J)
The Debt Securities will be duly issued, authenticated and delivered in accordance with the provisions of the relevant Indenture.


(K)
That no law of any jurisdiction outside England and Wales would render such issue, authentication or delivery, or the execution or delivery of the Indentures, illegal or ineffective  and that, insofar as any obligation under the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities or the Debt Securities is performed in, or is otherwise subject to, any jurisdiction other than England and Wales, its performance will not be illegal or ineffective by virtue of the law of that jurisdiction.





(L)
That each Debt Security will be in the form set out in the relevant Indenture and will be subject to the terms and conditions of that Indenture.


(M)
That the issuance of any Debt Securities, Warrants or Shares will not cause the Company or its directors to be in default under articles 94 and 95 of the Company’s Articles of Association.


(N)
That the Indentures, the Guarantees and the Shell Debt Securities will have been entered into by the Company in good faith.


(O)
That the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities and the Debt Securities are in the best interests and to the advantage of the Company.


(P)
That the terms and conditions applicable to the Debt Securities, Warrants and Shares will not be inconsistent with the Registration Statement or any applicable prospectus supplement.


(Q)
That, in respect of each issue of Shares and of Equity Warrants, the directors of the Company will have been granted the necessary authority to allot the relevant Shares or Equity Warrants and will have resolved to allot the relevant Shares or Equity Warrants.


(R)
That the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities and the Debt Securities have the same meaning and effect as if they were governed by English law.


(S)
That since 20 July 2005 no amendments have been made to the documents numbered 1, 2, 4 and 7 to 10 above and all such documents continue in full force and effect as at the date hereof.


(T)
That since 27 June 2006 no amendment has been made to the document numbered 3 above and such document continues in full force and effect as at the date hereof.


(U)
That the directors of the Company have complied with their duties as directors in so far as relevant to this opinion letter.


(V)
Any subordinate legislation made under the European Communities Act 1972 and relevant to this opinion is valid in all respects.




Based on and subject to the foregoing, and subject to the reservations set out below and any matters not disclosed to us, we are of the opinion that:

1.
The Company is a public company limited by shares duly incorporated under the laws of England and Wales and is a validly existing company.

2.
The debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the Debt Securities, the Indentures, the Guarantees and the Shell Debt Securities have been duly authorised by the Company.

3.
The signing and delivery of the Indentures, the Guarantees and the Shell Debt Securities by the Company and the exercise of its rights and the performance of its obligations under the Indentures, the Guarantees and the Shell Debt Securities are not prohibited by the Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association of the Company.

4.
On the assumption that the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities and the Debt Securities will, when duly executed and unconditionally delivered, create valid and binding obligations of the parties under New York law, English law will not prevent any provision of the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities or the Debt Securities from, when duly executed and unconditionally delivered, being valid and binding obligations of the Company.

5.
When (i) the equity warrant agreements relating to the Equity Warrants and the Equity Warrants have been duly authorised, executed and unconditionally delivered and (ii) the terms of the Equity Warrants and of their issuance and sale have been duly established in conformity with the Company's Articles of Association and so as not to violate any applicable law or breach of any agreement binding on the Company, the Equity Warrants will constitute valid and binding obligations of the parties under English law.

6.
When the Shares are issued and delivered against full payment therefor as contemplated in the Registration Statement and in conformity with the Company’s Articles of Association and so as not to violate any applicable law, such Shares will have been duly issued and fully paid and no further contribution in respect thereof will be required to be made to the Company by the holders thereof, by reason solely of their being such holders.

7.
The statements in the Registration Statement in the third, fourth and fifth paragraphs of the section headed “Enforceability of Certain Civil Liabilities” insofar as they refer to statements of law or legal conclusions, in all material respects present fairly the information shown.




Our reservations are as follows:


(I)
The term “binding obligations” is used in this opinion to describe an obligation of the type which the English Courts would enforce. This does not mean that the obligations will necessarily be legally binding and enforceable in all circumstances in accordance with its terms. We express no opinion as to whether specific performance, injunctive relief or any other form of equitable remedy would be available in respect of any obligation of the Company under or in respect of the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the equity warrant agreements relating to the Equity Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities or the Warrants.


(II)
Undertakings, covenants and indemnities contained in the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the equity warrant agreements relating to the Equity Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities and the Warrants may not be enforceable before an English court insofar as they purport to require payment or reimbursement of the costs of any unsuccessful litigation brought before an English court or where the court itself has made an order for costs.


(III)
Insofar as any obligation under the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the equity warrant agreements relating to the Equity Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities or the Warrants is to be performed in any jurisdiction other than England and Wales, an English court may have to have regard to the law of that jurisdiction in relation to the manner of performance and the steps to be taken in the event of defective performance.


(IV)
The obligations of the Company under or in respect of the debt warrant agreements relating to the Debt Warrants, the equity warrant agreements relating to the Equity Warrants, the Indentures, the Guarantees, the Shell Debt Securities and the Warrants and the remedies available will be subject to any law from time to time in force relating to insolvency, liquidation or administration or any other law or legal procedure affecting generally the enforcement of creditors’ rights.


(V)
In our opinion under English law there is doubt as to the enforceability in the United Kingdom, in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of United States courts, of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the United States Federal or State securities laws.


(VI)
The Searches are not conclusive as to whether or not insolvency proceedings have been commenced in relation to the Company or any of its assets. For example, information required to be filed with the Registrar of Companies or the Central Registry of Winding up Petitions is not in all cases required to be filed immediately (and may not be filed at all or on time); once filed, the information may not be made publicly available immediately (or at all); information filed with a District Registry or County Court may not, and in the case of administrations will not, become publicly available at the Central Registry; and the Searches may not reveal whether insolvency proceedings or analogous procedures have been commenced in jurisdictions outside England and Wales.


(VII)
Our opinion in paragraph 7 above is based upon existing statutory, regulatory and judicial authority, all of which may be changed at any time with retroactive effect.  Any change in applicable laws or the facts and circumstances surrounding the offering of the securities being registered on the Registration Statement, or any inaccuracy in the statements upon which we have relied, may affect the continuing validity of our opinion in paragraph 7 above. We assume no responsibility to inform you of any such change or inaccuracy that may occur or come to our attention.





(VIII)
This opinion is subject to any limitations arising from:


(a)
United Nations, European Union or United Kingdom sanctions or other similar measures; and


(b)
EU Regulation 2271/96 (as it forms part of English law pursuant to the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (as amended)) protecting against the effects of the extra-territorial application of legislation adopted by a third country (the “Blocking Regulation”) and legislation related to the Blocking Regulation.


We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the references to this opinion therein and to the references to us under the headings “Enforceability of Certain Civil Liabilities”, “Taxation” and “Legal Matters” in the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are “experts” under the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission issued thereunder with respect to any part of the Registration Statement, including this opinion.

To the extent permitted by applicable law and regulation, you may rely on this letter only on condition that your recourse to us in respect of the matters addressed in this letter is against the firm’s assets only and not against the personal assets of any individual partner. The firm’s assets for this purpose consists of all assets of the firm’s business, including any right of indemnity of the firm or its partners under the firm’s professional indemnity insurance policies, but excluding any right to seek contribution or indemnity from or against any partner of the firm or person working for the firm or similar right.

Yours faithfully



/s/ Slaughter and May
Slaughter and May

Exhibit 5.2


 


December 15, 2023

Shell plc
Shell International Finance B.V.
Shell Finance US Inc.

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as U.S. counsel to Shell plc, a public company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales (“Shell”), Shell International Finance B.V., a limited liability company incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“Shell Finance”), and Shell Finance US Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Shell Finance US”), in connection with the preparation and filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) of a registration statement on Form F-3 (the “Registration Statement”) under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Act”) relating to the registration under the Act and the proposed issuance and sale from time to time pursuant to Rule 415 under the Act of (i) guaranteed debt securities of Shell Finance (the “Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities”), unconditionally guaranteed as to the payment of principal, premium (if any) and interest, by Shell (the “Shell Finance Guarantees”), (ii) guaranteed debt securities of Shell Finance US (the “Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities”), unconditionally guaranteed as to the payment of principal, premium (if any) and interest, by Shell (the “Shell Finance US Guarantees”), (iii) debt securities of Shell (the “Shell Debt Securities”), (iv) debt warrants of Shell (the “Debt Warrants”); (v) equity warrants of Shell and (vi) ordinary shares of Shell, nominal value of €0.07 per share, with an unspecified and indeterminate aggregate initial offering price. The Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, the Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities, the Shell Debt Securities and the Debt Warrants are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities”.

In connection with this opinion, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such corporate records, certificates of corporate officers and government officials and such other documents as we have deemed necessary or appropriate for the purposes of this opinion, including: (a) the Certificate of Incorporation of Shell Finance US; (b) the By-laws of Shell Finance US; (c) resolutions adopted by the board of directors of Shell Finance US on December 6, 2023; (d) the Registration Statement; (e) the forms of senior indenture and subordinated indenture relating to the Shell Debt Securities included in the Registration Statement as Exhibits 4.1 and 4.2 (the “Shell Indentures”); (f) the forms of security relating to the Shell Debt Securities included in the Registration Statement as Exhibits 4.7 and 4.8; (g) the senior indenture and the form of subordinated indenture relating to the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities included in the Registration Statement as Exhibits 4.3 and 4.4 (the “Shell Finance Indentures”); (h) the forms of security relating to the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities included in the Registration Statement as Exhibits 4.9 and 4.10; (i) the forms of senior indenture and subordinated indenture relating to the Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities included in the Registration Statement as Exhibits 4.5 and 4.6 (the “Shell Finance US Indentures”); and (j) the forms of security relating to the Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities included in the Registration Statement as Exhibits 4.11 and 4.12.



       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 




As to various questions of fact material to this opinion, we have relied upon representations of officers or directors of Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US and documents furnished to us by Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US without independent verification of their accuracy. We have also assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals and the conformity to authentic original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies.

Based upon and subject to the foregoing, and assuming that (i) the Registration Statement and any supplements and amendments thereto (including post-effective amendments) will have become effective and will comply with all applicable laws; (ii) the Registration Statement and any supplements and amendments thereto (including post-effective amendments) will be effective and will comply with all applicable laws at the time the Securities are offered or issued as contemplated by the Registration Statement; (iii) a prospectus supplement will have been prepared and filed with the Commission describing the Securities offered thereby and will comply with all applicable laws; (iv) all Securities will be issued and sold in compliance with all applicable Federal, state and non-U.S. securities laws and in the manner stated in the Registration Statement and the appropriate prospectus supplement; (v) none of the terms of any Security to be established subsequent to the date hereof, nor the issuance and delivery of such Security, nor the compliance by Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, as applicable, with the terms of such Security will violate any applicable law or will result in a violation of any provision of any instrument or agreement then binding upon Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable, or any restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US, as applicable; (vi) a definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement and any other necessary agreement with respect to any Securities offered or issued will have been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by Shell, Shell Finance and Shell Finance US, as applicable, and the other parties thereto; (vii) any deposit agreement or warrant agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of New York and (viii) any Securities issuable upon conversion, exchange, or exercise of any Security being offered or issued will be duly authorized, created, and, if appropriate, reserved for issuance upon such conversion, exchange, or exercise, we are of opinion that:

1.  with respect to the Shell Debt Securities to be issued under the Shell Indentures, assuming (A) the Trustee has been qualified to act as Trustee under the applicable Shell Indenture, (B) the Trustee has duly executed and delivered the applicable Shell Indenture, (C) the applicable Shell Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, (D) the board of directors of Shell, a duly constituted and acting committee thereof or any officers of Shell delegated such authority (such board of directors, committee or officers being hereinafter referred to as the “Shell Board”) has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and terms of a particular series of Shell Debt Securities, the terms of the offering thereof, and related matters and (E) such Shell Debt Securities have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered in accordance with the provisions of the applicable Shell Indenture, including any supplemental indenture related thereto, and the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement approved by the Shell Board, upon payment of the consideration therefor provided for therein, such Shell Debt Securities will constitute valid and binding obligations of Shell (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and subject to general principles of equity, including concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law);

2


2.  with respect to the Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities to be issued under the Shell Finance Indentures, assuming (A) the Trustee has been qualified to act as Trustee under the applicable Shell Finance Indenture, (B) the Trustee has duly executed and delivered the applicable Shell Finance Indenture, (C) the applicable Shell Finance Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, (D) the board of directors of Shell Finance, a duly constituted and acting committee thereof or any officers of Shell Finance delegated such authority (such board of directors, committee or officers being hereinafter referred to as the “Shell Finance Board”) has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and terms of a particular series of Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities, the terms of the offering thereof, and related matters, (E) the Shell Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and terms of the applicable Shell Finance Guarantees and (F) such Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered in accordance with the provisions of the applicable Shell Finance Indenture, including any supplemental indenture related thereto, and the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement approved by the Shell Finance Board and Shell Board, upon payment of the consideration therefor provided for therein, such Shell Finance Guaranteed Debt Securities and Shell Finance Guarantees will constitute valid and binding obligations of Shell Finance and Shell, as applicable (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and subject to general principles of equity, including concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law);

3.  with respect to the Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities to be issued under the Shell Finance US Indentures, assuming (A) the Trustee has been qualified to act as Trustee under the applicable Shell Finance US Indenture, (B) the Trustee has duly executed and delivered the applicable Shell Finance US Indenture, (C) the applicable Shell Finance US Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, (D) the board of directors of Shell Finance US, a duly constituted and acting committee thereof or any officers of Shell Finance US delegated such authority (such board of directors, committee or officers being hereinafter referred to as the “Shell Finance US Board”) has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and terms of a particular series of Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities, the terms of the offering thereof, and related matters, (E) the Shell Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and terms of the applicable Shell Finance US Guarantees and (F) such Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered in accordance with the provisions of the applicable Shell Finance US Indenture, including any supplemental indenture related thereto, and the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement approved by the Shell Finance US Board and Shell Board, upon payment of the consideration therefor provided for therein, such Shell Finance US Guaranteed Debt Securities and Shell Finance US Guarantees will constitute valid and binding obligations of Shell Finance US and Shell, as applicable (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and subject to general principles of equity, including concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law);


3


4.  with respect to the Debt Warrants, when (A) the Shell Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the creation of and the issuance and terms of the Debt Warrants, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters, including the issuance and sale of the Shell Debt Securities issuable upon exercise of such Debt Warrants, (B) a warrant agreement relating to the Debt Warrants has been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by Shell, the warrant agent appointed by Shell and each other party thereto, (C) the actions described in paragraph 1 above have been taken with respect to the Shell Debt Securities to be issued upon exercise of such Debt Warrants, (D) the Debt Warrants or certificates representing the Debt Warrants have been duly executed, countersigned, registered and delivered in accordance with the appropriate warrant agreement and the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement approved by the Shell Board, upon payment of the consideration therefor provided for therein, then the Debt Warrants will constitute valid and binding obligations of Shell (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and subject to general principles of equity, including concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and

5.  the statements under the section of the Registration Statement entitled “Taxation - U.S. Taxation” constitute our opinion to the extent they describe the material U.S. Federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders (within the meaning of that section) of acquiring, owning and disposing of, the securities described therein.

Our opinion is based upon existing statutory, regulatory and judicial authority, all of which may be changed at any time with retroactive effect. Any change in applicable laws or the facts and circumstances surrounding the offering of the securities being registered on the Registration Statement, or any inaccuracy in the statements upon which we have relied, may affect the continuing validity of our opinion. We assume no responsibility to inform you of any such change or inaccuracy that may occur or come to our attention.

We are admitted to practice only in the State of New York and express no opinion as to matters governed by any laws other than the laws of the State of New York, the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the Federal laws of the United States of America. In particular, we do not purport to pass on any matter governed by the laws of England and Wales or the Netherlands. With respect to all matters of English law, we note that you are being provided with the opinion, dated the date hereof, of Slaughter and May, English counsel to Shell. With respect to all matters of Dutch law, we note that you are being provided with the opinion, dated the date hereof, of De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V., Dutch counsel to Shell Finance.

We are aware that we are referred to under the heading “Taxation” and “Legal Matters” in the prospectus forming a part of the Registration Statement and that we may be referred to under similar headings in a prospectus supplement filed after the effective date of the Registration Statement. We hereby consent to such use of our name therein and the filing of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not hereby admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.


 
Very truly yours,
 
 
 
/s/ Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP
 
 
Shell plc
Shell Centre
London, SE1 7NA
United Kingdom

Shell International Finance B.V.
Carel van Bylandtlaan 30 2596 HR
The Hague
The Netherlands

Shell Finance US Inc.
150 N. Dairy Ashford
Houston, Texas 77079
United States of America

O

4
Exhibit 5.3
[CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED]
   
Advocaten
Notarissen
Belastingadviseurs
 
To: Shell International Finance B.V. (the "Dutch Issuer")
Carel van Bylandtlaan 30
2596 HR DEN HAAG
The Netherlands
 
Claude Debussylaan 80
P.O. Box 75084
1070 AB  Amsterdam
 
T  +31 20 577 1771
F  +31 20 577 1775

Date 15 December 2023
Mr. B.J. Boutellier
E  bas.boutellier@debrauw.com
T  +31 20 577 1442
F  +31 20 577 1775
 
Our ref.
M41232667/9/91014395
   

Re:
 

Dear Sir/Madam,

Shell International Finance B.V. (the "Dutch Issuer")
Shell plc (the "Guarantor")
Shelf registration of debt securities (as defined in more detail below, the "Registration")

1
INTRODUCTION

De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V. ("De Brauw", "we", "us" and "our", as applicable) acts as Dutch legal adviser to the Dutch Issuer in connection with the Registration.

Certain terms used in this opinion are defined in the Annex (Definitions).

2
DUTCH LAW

This opinion (including all terms used in it) is to be construed in accordance with Dutch law. It is limited to Dutch law and the law of the European Union, to the extent directly applicable in the Netherlands, in effect on the date of this opinion and accordingly, we do not express any opinion on other matters such as (i) matters of fact, (ii) the commercial and non-legal aspects of the Registration and the transaction pursuant to the Dutch Issuer Indentures, and (iii) the correctness of any representation or warranty included in the Dutch Issuer Indentures.





De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V., Amsterdam, is registered with the Trade Register in the Netherlands under no. 27171912.
 
All services and other work are carried out under an agreement of instruction ("overeenkomst van opdracht") with De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V. The agreement is subject to the General Conditions, which have been filed with the register of the District Court in Amsterdam and contain a limitation of liability.
Client account notaries ING Bank IBAN NL83INGB0693213876 BIC INGBNL2A.

[CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED]


3
SCOPE OF INQUIRY

We have examined, and relied upon the accuracy of the factual statements in, the following documents:


(a)
A copy of:


(i)
the Dutch Issuer Indentures;


(ii)
the forms of the Dutch Issuer Securities; and


(iii)
the Registration Statement.


(b)
A copy of:


(i)
the Dutch Issuer's deed of incorporation and its articles of association, as provided by the Chamber of Commerce (Kamer van Koophandel); and


(ii)
the Trade Register Extract.


(c)
A copy of each Corporate Resolution.


(d)
A copy of the Power of Attorney.

In addition, we have obtained the following confirmations on the date of this opinion:


(e)
Confirmation by telephone from the Chamber of Commerce that the Trade Register Extract is up to date.


(f)
Confirmation through https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets/consolidated-list-of-persons-groups-and-entities-subject-to-eu-financial-sanctions?locale=en and
https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/rapporten/2015/08/27/nationale-terrorismelijst that the Dutch Issuer is not included on any Sanctions List.

(g)


(i)
Confirmation through https://insolventies.rechtspraak.nl; and


(ii)
confirmation through www.rechtspraak.nl, derived from the segment for EU registrations of the Central Insolvency Register;
2 / 17

[CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED]


in each case that the Dutch Issuer is not registered as being subject to Insolvency Proceedings.

We have not examined any document, and do not express an opinion on, or on any reference to, any document other than the documents referred to in this paragraph 3. Our examination has been limited to the text of the documents and we have not investigated the meaning and effect of any document (or part of it) governed by a law other than Dutch law under that other law.

4
ASSUMPTIONS

We have made the following assumptions:

(a)


(i)
Each copy document conforms to the original and each original is genuine and complete.


(ii)
Each signature is the genuine signature of the individual concerned.


(iii)
Each confirmation referred to in paragraph 3 is true.

(b)


(i)
the Dutch Issuer Indentures will have been entered into;


(ii)
all Dutch Issuer Securities will have been issued; and


(iii)
the Registration Statement has been filed with the SEC,

in a form referred to in this opinion (in the case of the Dutch Issuer Securities and the Dutch Issuer Indentures, without material deviation).

(c)


(i)
Each Corporate Resolution has been validly passed and remains in full force and effect without modification.


(ii)
The issue of the Dutch Issuer Securities will have been validly authorised in accordance with the Dutch Issuer's articles of association at the time of authorisation.


(iii)
In respect of any issue of Dutch Issuer Securities which qualifies as attracting an important credit (belangrijk krediet) within the meaning of the Works Councils Act (Wet op de ondernemingsraden) that Act will have been complied with.
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(d)


(i)
Each signature, including each Electronic Signature, is the genuine signature of the individual concerned; and


(ii)
in relation to any Electronic Signature (other than any qualified electronic signature (elektronische gekwalificeerde handtekening)), the signing method used for that Electronic Signature is sufficiently reliable, taking into account the purpose for which that Electronic Signature was used and all other circumstances.

(e)


(i)
The Dutch Issuer Indentures are within the capacity of and powers of, and will have been validly authorised and entered into by, each party other than the Dutch Issuer.


(ii)
All Dutch Issuer Securities:


(A)
are within the capacity and powers of each party other than the Dutch Issuer; and


(B)
will have been validly issued and accepted by each party.


(f)
Where required, the Dutch Issuer Securities will have been validly authenticated in accordance with the Dutch Issuer Indentures.


(g)
The Power of Attorney remains in force without modification and no rule of law (other than Dutch law) which under the 1978 Hague Convention on the Law applicable to Agency applies or may be applied to the existence and extent of the authority of any person authorised to sign any agreement on behalf of the Dutch Issuer under the Power of Attorney, adversely affects the existence and extent of that authority as expressed in the Power of Attorney.


(h)
All Dutch Issuer Indentures and the Dutch Issuer Securities will have been signed on behalf of the Dutch Issuer by its managing directors in accordance with its articles of association or by a person named as authorised representative in the Power of Attorney granted by it.


(i)
When validly signed by all parties, each Dutch Issuer Indenture and the Dutch Issuer Securities are valid and binding on and enforceable against each party under New York Law by which they are expressed to be governed.
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(j)
The ranking and subordination provisions in the Dutch Issuer Subordinated Indentures do not have the effect that the Dutch Issuer's creditors (other than the parties to the Dutch Issuer Indenture and the holders of Dutch Issuer Securities) are prejudiced.


(k)
No Dutch Issuer Security qualifies as a game or wager (spel of weddingschap) within the meaning of article 7A:1825 BW and no issue of Securities falls within the scope of the Games of Chance Act (Wet op de kansspelen).

(l)


(i)
Any Dutch Issuer Securities offered to the public in the Netherlands have been, are and will be so offered in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation and the Offer Regulations.


(ii)
No Dutch Issuer Securities have been, are or will be admitted to trading on the regulated market of Euronext Amsterdam or on any other regulated market in the Netherlands.


(iii)
At the time when it disposed or disposes of any Dutch Issuer Securities in the context of any offer of Dutch Issuer Securities, the Dutch Issuer did or does not possess inside information (voorwetenschap) in respect of itself or the trade in the relevant Securities.


(m)
The Dutch Issuer complies with article 3:2 Wft and therefore does not require a banking licence pursuant to that Act.


(n)
The Dutch Issuer Indentures and each transaction entered into pursuant to them will have been entered into on an arm's length basis.

5
OPINION

Based on the documents and confirmations referred to and assumptions made in paragraphs 3 and 4 and subject to the qualifications in paragraph 6 and to any matters not disclosed to us, we are of the following opinion:


(a)
The Dutch Issuer has been incorporated and exists as a private limited liability company (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid).
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(b)


(i)
The Dutch Issuer has the corporate power to enter into and perform the Dutch Issuer Indentures and to issue and perform the Dutch Issuer Securities.


(ii)
The Dutch Issuer has taken all necessary corporate action to authorise its entry into and performance of the Dutch Issuer Indentures.


(c)
The Dutch Issuer's entry into and performance of the Dutch Issuer Indentures, and the issue and performance of the Dutch Issuer Securities, do not violate Dutch law or its articles of association.

(d)


(i)
The choice of New York Law as the governing law of the Dutch Issuer Indentures and the Dutch Issuer Securities is recognised.


(ii)
Dutch law does not restrict the validity and binding effect on and enforceability against the Dutch Issuer of the Dutch Issuer Indentures and the Dutch Issuer Securities.


(e)
The statements in the prospectus included in the Registration Statement under the heading "Taxation – Dutch Taxation" and "Enforceability of Certain Civil Liabilities", to the extent they are statements as to Dutch law, are correct.

6
QUALIFICATIONS

This opinion is subject to the following qualifications:


(a)
This opinion is subject to any limitations arising from (a) rules relating to bankruptcy, suspension of payments or Preventive Restructuring Processes, (b) rules relating to foreign (i) insolvency proceedings (including foreign Insolvency Proceedings), (ii) arrangement or compromise of obligations or (iii) preventive restructuring frameworks, (c) any other collective judicial or administrative proceeding in any jurisdiction pursuant to a law relating to insolvency, (d) other rules regulating conflicts between rights of creditors, or (e) intervention and other measures in relation to financial enterprises or their affiliated entities.


(b)
The recognition of New York Law as the governing law of the Dutch Issuer Indentures and the Dutch Issuer Securities:


(i)
will not prejudice the provisions of the law of the European Union (where appropriate as implemented in the Netherlands) which cannot be derogated from by agreement if all elements relevant to the situation at the time when the Dutch Issuer Indentures were entered into or the Dutch Issuer Securities were issued (other than the choice of New York Law as the governing law of the Dutch Issuer Indentures or the Dutch Issuer Securities, as applicable) are located in one or more Member States of the European Union;
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(ii)


(A)
will not restrict the application of the overriding provisions of Dutch law; and


(B)
will not prevent effect being given to the overriding provisions of the law of a jurisdiction with which the situation has a close connection;

(and for this purpose "overriding provisions" are provisions the respect for which is regarded as crucial by a jurisdiction for safeguarding its public interests to such an extent that they are applicable to any situation falling within their scope, irrespective of the law otherwise applicable to an agreement);


(iii)
will not prevent the application of New York Law being refused if it is manifestly incompatible with Dutch public policy (ordre public); and


(iv)
will not prevent regard being had to the law of the jurisdiction in which performance takes place in relation to the manner of performance and the steps to be taken in the event of defective performance.


(c)
Enforcement in the Netherlands of the Dutch Issuer Indentures, the Dutch Issuer Securities and of foreign judgments is subject to Dutch rules of civil procedure.


(d)
Enforceability of the Dutch Issuer Indentures and the Dutch Issuer Securities may be limited under the Sanction Act 1977 (Sanctiewet 1977) or otherwise by international sanctions.


(e)
To the extent that Dutch law applies, any provision that the holder of a Dutch Issuer Security may be treated as an absolute owner may not be enforceable under all circumstances.
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(f)
To the extent that Dutch law applies, title to a Dutch Issuer Security may not pass if (i) the Dutch Issuer Security is not delivered (geleverd) in accordance with Dutch law, (ii) the transferor does not have the power to pass on title (beschikkingsbevoegdheid) to the Dutch Issuer Security, or (iii) the transfer of title is not made pursuant to a valid title of transfer (geldige titel).


(g)
To the extent that Dutch law applies, Section 11.02 of the Dutch Issuer Subordinated Indenture may not be enforceable under all circumstances.


(h)
Any trust to which the Trust Convention applies, will be recognised subject to the Trust Convention. Any trust to which the Trust Convention does not apply may not be recognised.


(i)
Any provision in the Dutch Issuer Indentures to the effect that


(i)
in proceedings initiated by the Trustee, the Trustee shall be deemed to represent the holders of the relevant Dutch Issuer Securities without any need to make those holders party to the proceedings;


(ii)
no holder of any Dutch Issuer Security may institute proceedings with respect to the Dutch Issuer Securities (including for the appointment of a receiver or trustee) other than within the limits set out in the Dutch Issuer Indentures;


(iii)
the Trustee may in its own name and as trustee of an express trust institute a judicial proceeding, prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same;


(iv)
no holder of any Dutch Issuer Security of any series shall have the right by virtue or by availing of any provision of the Dutch Issuer Indenture to institute an action or proceeding at law or in equity or in bankruptcy or otherwise upon or under or with respect to the Dutch Issuer Indenture, or for the appointment of an administrator (bewindvoerder), receiver, liquidator (curator), sequestrator, trustee or other similar officer or for any other remedy under the Dutch Issuer Indenture, unless such holder previously shall have given to the Trustee written notice as further provided in the Dutch Issuer Indenture;


(v)
the Trustee may enforce any Dutch Issuer Security without producing it;

may not be enforceable.
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(j)
In proceedings in a Dutch court for the enforcement of any Indenture or any Security, the court may mitigate amounts due in respect of litigation and collection costs.


(k)
To the extent that any provision of the Dutch Issuer Indentures or the Dutch Issuer Securities are general conditions within the meaning of article 6:231 BW, a holder of a Dutch Issuer Security may nullify (vernietigen) that provision if (i) the Dutch Issuer has not offered the holder a reasonable opportunity to examine the provisions of the Dutch Issuer Indenture or Dutch Issuer Securities, or (ii) the provision, having regard to all relevant circumstances, is unreasonably onerous to the holder. A provision in general conditions as referred to in article 6:236 BW is deemed to be unreasonably onerous, irrespective of the circumstances, if the holder of a Dutch Issuer Security is a natural person not acting in the conduct of a profession or trade. The provisions such as set out in Sections 5.02 and 5.03 of the Dutch Issuer Indentures might fall within the scope of article 6:236 BW.


(l)
If any Dutch Issuer Security has been signed on behalf of the Dutch Issuer (manually or in facsimile) by a person who on the signing date is, but ceases to be before the date of the Dutch Issuer Security and its authentication and issue, a duly authorised representative of the Dutch Issuer, enforcement of the Dutch Issuer Security in a Dutch court may require that the holder of the Dutch Issuer Security submit a copy of the relevant Dutch Issuer Indenture.


(m)
To the extent that Dutch law applies, a power of attorney (including a proxy) (a) does not preclude the principal from performing the legal acts covered by the power of attorney, and (b) can be made irrevocable only (i) insofar as it has been granted for the purpose of performing a legal act in the interest of the authorised person or a third party, and (ii) subject to any amendments made or limitations imposed by the courts on serious grounds (gewichtige redenen).

(n)


(i)
An extract from the Trade Register does not provide conclusive evidence that the facts set out in it are correct. However, under the 2007 Trade Register Act (Handelsregisterwet 2007), subject to limited exceptions, a legal entity or partnership cannot invoke the incorrectness or incompleteness of its Trade Register registration against third parties who were unaware of the incorrectness or incompleteness.


(ii)
A confirmation from an Insolvency Register does not provide conclusive evidence that an entity is not subject to Insolvency Proceedings.
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(iii)
We do not express any opinion on (i) tax matters, other than in paragraph 5(e), (ii) anti-trust, state-aid or competition laws, (iii) financial assistance, (iv) sanctions laws, (v) the validity of any substitution, any form of transfer of a contractual position (contractsoverneming) or any form of assumption of an obligation (schuldoverneming) as provided for in Section 5 of the Dutch Issuer Indentures or any other in rem matters, (vi) any laws that we, having exercised customary professional diligence, could not be reasonably expected to recognize as being applicable to the Dutch Issuer Indentures or the transaction pursuant to the Dutch Issuer Indentures to which this opinion relates, (vii) any right, or the consequence of exercising any right, to convert a  Dutch Issuer Security into another instrument, (viii) the validity of any lien as security of the Dutch Issuer Securities of one or more series of any property or assets as contemplated by Section 7.07 of the Dutch Issuer Indentures for whatever purpose contemplated by the said section of the Dutch Issuer Indenture, and (ix) Section 11.05 of the Dutch Issuer Subordinated Indenture.

7
RELIANCE


(a)
This opinion is an exhibit to the Registration Statement and may be relied upon for the purpose of the Registration. It may not be supplied, and its contents or existence may not be disclosed, to any person other than as an exhibit to (and therefore together with) the Registration Statement and may not be relied upon for any purpose other than the Registration.


(b)
Each person accepting this opinion agrees, in so accepting, that:


(i)
only De Brauw (and not any other person) will have any liability in connection with this opinion;


(ii)
the agreement in this paragraph 7 and all liability and other matters relating to this opinion will be governed exclusively by Dutch law and that the Dutch courts will have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute relating to this opinion; and


(iii)
this opinion may be signed with an Electronic Signature. This has the same effect as if signed with a handwritten signature.
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(c)
The Dutch Issuer may:


(i)
file this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement; and


(ii)
refer to De Brauw giving this opinion under the heading "Legal Matters", “Enforceability of Certain Civil Liabilities” and “Taxation – Dutch Taxation” in the prospectus included in the Registration Statement.

This paragraph 7 does not constitute an admittance from us (or De Brauw) that we are (or De Brauw is) in the category of persons whose consent for the filing and reference as set out in that sentence is required under article 7 of the Securities Act or any rules or regulations of the SEC promulgated under it.

(signature page follows)

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Yours faithfully,
De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V.
 
 
/s/ Bas Boutellier
Bas Boutellier
12 / 17

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Annex – Definitions

Part 1 – General

In this opinion:

"BW" means the Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek).

"Corporate Resolution" is defined in part 2 (Dutch Issuer) of this Annex.

"De Brauw" means De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V., and "we", "us" and "our" are to be construed accordingly.

"Dutch Issuer" is defined in part 2 (Dutch Issuer) of this Annex.

"Dutch Issuer Indentures" means each of:

(a)
the indenture for senior debt securities, dated as of 27 June, 2006, filed as exhibit 4.3 to the Registration Statement; and

(a)
the form of indenture for subordinated debt securities filed as exhibit 4.4 to the Registration Statement (the "Dutch Issuer Subordinated Indenture");

in each case between the Dutch Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee.

"Dutch law" means the law directly applicable in the Netherlands.

Dutch Issuer Securities” means any senior debt securities and any subordinated debt securities issued by the Dutch Issuer under the Dutch Issuer Indentures and fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantor from the date of this opinion and includes, where the context permits:

(a)
the Securities in all forms referred to in this opinion and any coupons, talons and receipts pertaining to the Dutch Issuer Securities; and

(b)
in relation to an issue of Dutch Issuer Securities, the provisions of those Dutch Issuer Securities.

"Electronic Signature" means any electronic signature (elektronische handtekening), any advanced electronic signature (geavanceerde elektronische handtekening) and any qualified electronic signature (elektronische gekwalificeerde handtekening) within the meaning of Article 3 of Regulation (EU) 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market and repealing directive 1999/93/EC, and article 3:15a BW.
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"Forms of the Dutch Issuer Securities" means each of:

(c)
the form of senior debt securities filed as exhibit 4.9 to the Registration Statement; and

(d)
the form of subordinated debt securities filed as exhibit 4.10 to the Registration Statement.

"Guarantor" means Shell plc.

"Insolvency Proceedings" means insolvency proceedings as defined in Article 2(4) of Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015 on insolvency proceedings (recast).

"New York Law" means the law of the State of New York.

"Offer Regulations" means:

(a)
Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/979 of 14 March 2019 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to regulatory technical standards on key financial information in the summary of a prospectus, the publication and classification of prospectuses, advertisements for securities, supplements to a prospectus, and the notification portal, and repealing Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 382/2014 and Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/301;

(b)
Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/980 of 14 March 2019 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the format, content, scrutiny and approval of the prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading on a regulated market, and repealing Commission Regulation (EC) No 809/2004;

(c)
Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on market abuse;

(d)
Commission Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on credit rating agencies to the extent applicable to the prospectus included in the Registration Statement; and

(e)
the Wft.

"Power of Attorney" is defined in part 2 (Dutch Issuer) of this Annex.
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"Preventive Restructuring Processes" means public and/or undisclosed preventive restructuring processes within the meaning of the Dutch Act on Court Confirmation of Extrajudicial Restructuring Plans (Wet homologatie onderhands akkoord).

"Prospectus Regulation" means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2017 on the prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading on a regulated market, and repealing Directive 2003/71/EC.

"Registration" means the registration by the Dutch Issuer, the Guarantor and Shell Finance US Inc. as issuers of, inter alia, the Securities with the SEC under the Securities Act.

"Registration Statement" means the registration statement on form F-3 dated 15 December 2023 in relation to the Registration (including the prospectus, but excluding any documents incorporated by reference in it and any exhibits to it).

"Sanctions List" means each of:

(a)
each list referred to in:


(i)
Article 2(3) of Council Regulation (EC) No 2580/2001 of 27 December 2001 on specific restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities with a view to combating terrorism;


(ii)
Article 2 of Council Regulation (EC) No 881/2002 of 27 May 2002 imposing certain specific restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities associated with the ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida organisations, and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 467/2001 prohibiting the export of certain goods and services to Afghanistan, strengthening the flight ban and extending the freeze of funds and other financial resources in respect of the Taliban of Afghanistan; and


(iii)
Article (1)(1) of the Council Common Position of 27 December 2001 on the application of specific measures to combat terrorism; or

(b)
the national terrorism list (nationale terrorismelijst) of persons and organisations designated under the Sanction Regulation Terrorism 2007-II (Sanctieregeling terrorisme 2007-II).

"SEC" means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

"Securities" means any senior debt securities and any subordinated debt securities issued under the Registration and includes, where the context permits:
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(a)
the Securities in all forms referred to in this opinion and any coupons, talons and receipts pertaining to the Securities; and

(b)
in relation to an issue of Securities, the provisions of those Securities.

"Securities Act" means the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

"the Netherlands" means the part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in Europe.

"Trade Register Extract" is defined in part 2 (Dutch Issuer) of this Annex.

"Trust Convention" means the 1985 Convention on the Law applicable to Trusts and their Recognition.

"Trustee" means Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas.

"Wft" means the Financial Markets Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht).

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Part 2 – Dutch Issuer

In this opinion:

Corporate Resolution” means each of:

(a)
a written resolution of the Dutch Issuer’s managing board (directie) dated 31 May 2005;

(b)
a written resolution of the Dutch Issuer’s managing board (directie) dated 5 November 2008; and

(c)
a confirmation provided by e-mail on 12 December 2023 from a legal counsel of the Dutch Issuer.

Dutch Issuer” means Shell International Finance B.V., with seat in the Hague, Trade Register number 27265903.

Power of Attorney” means a power of attorney granted by the Dutch Issuer to each of E. Kunkels, J. Abels, and F. Mulock (Category I) and F. Hinden, M. Dawson, M. Ashworth, S. Critchlow and L. van Buuren (Category II) dated 18 September 2023.

Trade Register Extract” means a Trade Register extract relating to the Dutch Issuer provided by the Chamber of Commerce and dated 12 December 2023.




17 / 17
Exhibit 8.1

 
One Bunhill Row
London EC1Y 8YY
T +44 (0)20 7600 1200
F +44 (0)20 7090 5000




 
 
15 December 2023
   
 
Your reference
The Directors
Shell plc
Shell Centre
London
SE1 7NA
 
 
Our reference
MCL/NXT
Direct line
020 7090 5273


Dear Sirs,
 
   
Registration Statement on Form F-3 of Shell plc dated 15 December 2023 (the "Registration Statement"): U.K. Tax Section
 
   
We have acted as legal advisers to Shell plc (“Shell") as to certain matters of U.K. tax law relevant to the preparation of the section of the Registration Statement entitled "Taxation - U.K. Taxation" (the "U.K. Tax Section").
 
   
In that connection, we have examined the Registration Statement and such other documents as we believe to be necessary or appropriate for the purposes of this opinion.
 
   
Based upon the Registration Statement and those other documents and subject to the qualifications set out below and in the Registration Statement, we are of the opinion that the statements contained in the U.K. Tax Section, summarising the material U.K. tax consequences for a U.S. holder of the ownership and disposal of securities that may be offered by Shell, Shell International Finance B.V. ("Shell Finance") or Shell Finance US Inc. (“Shell Finance US”) pursuant to the Registration Statement, fairly summarise the matters therein described.
 
   
Our opinion is based upon existing statutory, regulatory and judicial authority, all of which may be changed at any time with retroactive effect. Any change in applicable laws or the current practice of HM Revenue and Customs, or any inaccuracy in the documents upon which we have relied, may affect the continuing validity of our opinion. We assume no responsibility to inform you of any such change or inaccuracy that may occur or come to our attention. Finally, our opinion is limited to the tax matters specifically covered in the U.K. Tax Section. We have not been asked to address, nor have we addressed, any other tax consequences for U.S. holders (or, generally, tax consequences for Shell, Shell Finance or Shell Finance US).
 



 
SJ Cooke
PP Chappatte
DL Finkler
SP Hall
SR Galbraith
JAD Marks
DJO Schaffer
DR Johnson
RA Swallow
CS Cameron
BJ-PF Louveaux
E Michael
RR Ogle
HL Davies
JC Putnis
RA Sumroy
JC Cotton
RJ Turnill
CNR Jeffs
SR Nicholls
MJ Tobin
DG Watkins
BKP Yu
EC Brown
J Edwarde
AD Jolly
JS Nevin
JA Papanichola
RA Byk
GA Miles
GE O'Keefe
MD Zerdin
RL Cousin
IAM Taylor
DA Ives
MC Lane
LMC Chung
RJ Smith
MD’AS Corbett
PIR Dickson
IS Johnson
RM Jones
EJ Fife
JP Stacey
LJ Wright
JP Clark
WHJ Ellison
AM Lyle-Smythe
A Nassiri
DE Robertson
TA Vickers
RA Innes
CP McGaffin
CL Phillips
SVK Wokes
NSA Bonsall
RCT Jeens
V MacDuff
PL Mudie
DM Taylor
RJ Todd
WJ Turtle
OJ Wicker
DJO Blaikie
CVK Boney
F de Falco
SNL Hughes
PR Linnard
KA O’Connell
N Yeung
CJCN Choi
NM Pacheco
CL Sanger
HE Ware
HJ Bacon
TR Blanchard
NL Cook
AJ Dustan
HEB Hecht
CL Jackson
OR Moir
S Shah
G Kamalanathan
JE Cook
CA Cooke
LJ Houston
CW McGarel-Groves
PD Wickham
RR Hilton
KM Howes
CR Osborne
MJ Sandler
CM Sharpe
JM Slade
WCW Brennand
DJG Hay
TG Newey
LJE Nsoatabe
PJC O’Malley
SE Osprey
DA Shone
S Sriram
HK Sumanasuriya
SC Tysoe
 
Authorised and regulated
by the Solicitors
Regulation Authority
Firm SRA number 55388
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
583068938

 
 



 
We consent to the filing of this opinion with the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 8.1 to the Registration Statement and to the references to this opinion in the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are experts under the U.S. Securities Act 1933 or the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission issued thereunder with respect to any part of the Registration Statement, including this opinion.
 
   
This opinion is delivered to you in connection with the Registration Statement to be filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on 15 December 2023. Other than in connection with the Registration Statement and the issuance of any securities registered thereby, this opinion is not to be transmitted to anyone else nor is it to be reproduced, quoted, summarised or relied upon by anyone else or for any other purpose or quoted or referred to in any public document or filed with anyone without our express written consent.
 
   
To the extent permitted by applicable law and regulation, you may rely on this letter only on condition that your recourse to us in respect of the matters addressed in this letter is against the firm’s assets only and not against the personal assets of any individual partner. The firm’s assets for this purpose consists of all assets of the firm’s business, including any right of indemnity of the firm or its partners under the firm’s professional indemnity insurance policies, but excluding any right to seek contribution or indemnity from or against any partner of the firm or person working for the firm or similar right.
 

Yours faithfully,
 

/s/ Slaughter and May
Slaughter and May
 
Exhibit 22.1

Subsidiary Issuers of Guaranteed Securities

As of December 15, 2023, the following wholly-owned subsidiaries of Shell plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (“Shell”), may issue from time to time senior or subordinated debt securities which will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Shell: (a) Shell Finance US Inc., a corporation incorporated in the State of Delaware, and (b) Shell International Finance B.V., a private company with limited liability under the laws of the Netherlands (“Shell Finance”).

As of December 15, 2023, each of the following series of senior debt securities issued by Shell Finance is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Shell:


2% Guaranteed Notes due 2024

3.25% Guaranteed Notes due 2025

2.5% Guaranteed Notes due 2026

2.875% Guaranteed Notes due 2026

3.875% Guaranteed Notes due 2028

2.375% Guaranteed Notes due 2029

2.75% Guaranteed Notes due 2030

4.125% Guaranteed Notes due 2035

6.375% Guaranteed Notes due 2038

5.5% Guaranteed Notes due 2040

2.875% Guaranteed Notes due 2041

3.625% Guaranteed Notes due 2042

4.55% Guaranteed Notes due 2043

4.375% Guaranteed Notes due 2045

3.75% Guaranteed Notes due 2046

4.00% Guaranteed Notes due 2046

3.125% Guaranteed Notes due 2049

3.25% Guaranteed Notes due 2050

3.00% Guaranteed Notes due 2051

Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Experts” in this Registration Statement (Form F-3) and related Prospectus of Shell plc, Shell Finance US Inc. and Shell International Finance B.V. for the registration of debt securities, warrants and ordinary shares, and to the incorporation by reference therein of our reports dated March 8, 2023, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Shell plc and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Shell plc included in its Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
   
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
 
London, United Kingdom
 
December 15, 2023
 
Exhibit 23.2

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Experts” in this Registration Statement (Form F-3) and related Prospectus of Shell plc, Shell Finance US Inc. and Shell International Finance B.V. for the registration of debt securities, warrants and ordinary shares, and to the incorporation by reference therein of our reports dated March 8, 2023, with respect to the Royal Dutch Shell Dividend Access Trust financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of the Royal Dutch Shell Dividend Access Trust included in Shell plc’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
   
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
 
London, United Kingdom
 
December 15, 2023
 
Exhibit 24.1

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Sinead Gorman as such person’s true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for such person and in such person’s name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission this registration statement, any and all amendments and post-effective amendments to this registration statement and any subsequent registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all respective exhibits thereto and any and all other documents in connection therewith, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or any substitutes therefor, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. This Power of Attorney may be executed in multiple counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original, but which taken together, shall constitute one instrument.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Power of Attorney has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name
 
Title
 
Date
         
         
 /s/ Sir Andrew Mackenzie  
Chair
  Dec 6, 2023
Sir Andrew Mackenzie
       
         
         
 /s/ Dick Boer  
Deputy Chair and
  Dec 6, 2023
Dick Boer
 
Senior Independent Non-executive Director
   
         
         
 /s/ Wael Sawan  
Chief Executive Officer
  Dec 6, 2023
Wael Sawan
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
   
         
         
         
 /s/ Neil Carson OBE  
Non-executive Director
  Dec 8, 2023
Neil Carson OBE
       
         
         
 /s/ Ann Godbehere  
Non-executive Director
  Dec 6, 2023
Ann Godbehere
       
         
         
 /s/ Catherine J. Hughes  
Non-executive Director
  Dec 9, 2023
Catherine J. Hughes
       
         
         
 /s/ Jane Holl Lute  
Non-executive Director
  Dec 6, 2023
Jane Holl Lute
       
         
         
 /s/ Sir Charles Roxburgh  
Non-executive Director
  Dec 6, 2023
Sir Charles Roxburgh
       
         
         
 /s/ Abraham Schot  
Non-executive Director
  Dec 14, 2023
Abraham Schot
       
         
         
 /s/ Leena Srivastava  
Non-executive Director
  Dec 6, 2023
Leena Srivastava
       
         
         
 /s/ Cyrus Taraporevala  
Non-executive Director
  Dec 7, 2023
Cyrus Taraporevala
       


Exhibit 24.2

SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V.
POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Janneke Abels, Fiona Mulock, Edwin Kunkels and, any two of them acting jointly, as such person’s true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents for such person and in such person’s name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission any and all amendments and post-effective amendments to this registration statement and any subsequent registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all respective exhibits thereto and any and all other documents in connection therewith, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any substitutes therefor, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.  This Power of Attorney may be executed in multiple counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original, but which taken together, shall constitute one instrument.


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Power of Attorney has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated below.

Name
 
Title
 
Date
         
/s/ Janneke Abels  
Director
 
December 15, 2023
Janneke Abels
       
         
/s/ Fiona Mulock  
Director
 
December 15, 2023
Fiona Mulock
       
         
/s/ Edwin Kunkels  
Director
 
December 15, 2023
Edwin Kunkels
       



Exhibit 25.1


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C.   20549



FORM T-1



STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY
UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939
OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE
CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY OF A TRUSTEE PURSUANT TO SECTION 305(b)(2)



DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS
(formerly BANKERS TRUST COMPANY)
(Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter)



NEW YORK
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or
organization if not a U.S. national bank)
 
13-4941247
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification no.)
     
1 COLUMBUS CIRCLE
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
(Address of principal
executive offices)
 
  10019
(Zip Code)

Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas
1 Columbus Circle
New York, New York 10019
(212) 250 – 2500
(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)



Shell plc
(Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter)



England and Wales
 
Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
     
Shell Centre
London, SE1 7NA
United Kingdom
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip code)



Debt Securities
(Title of the Indenture securities)






Item 1.
General Information.

Furnish the following information as to the trustee.


(a)
Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.

 
Name
Address
 
Federal Reserve Bank (2nd District)
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
New York State Banking Department
New York, NY
Washington, D.C.
Albany, NY


(b)
Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.

Yes.

Item 2.
Affiliations with Obligor.

 
If the obligor is an affiliate of the Trustee, describe each such affiliation.
 
     
 
None.
 

Item 3. -15.
Not Applicable

Item 16.
List of Exhibits.

 
Exhibit 1 -
Restated Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated August 31, 1998; Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated September 25, 1998; Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated December 18, 1998; Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated September 3, 1999; and Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated March 14, 2002, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 2 -
Certificate of Authority to commence business, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 3 -
Authorization of the Trustee to exercise corporate trust powers, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 4 -
A copy of existing By-Laws of Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, dated March 2, 2023.



 
Exhibit 5 -
Not applicable.
     
 
Exhibit 6 -
Consent of Bankers Trust Company required by Section 321(b) of the Act, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 6 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 7 -
A copy of the latest report of condition of the trustee published pursuant to law or the requirements of its supervising or examining authority.
     
 
Exhibit 8 -
Not Applicable.
     
 
Exhibit 9 -
Not Applicable.



SIGNATURE


Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, the trustee, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, has duly caused this statement of eligibility to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in The City of New York, and State of New York, on this 15th day of December, 2023.



  DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  
       

By:
/s/ Jacqueline Bartnick  
    Name:  Jacqueline Bartnick  
    Title:    Director  
       




AMENDED AND RESTATED
BY-LAWS
OF
DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS

ARTICLE I

STOCKHOLDERS

Section 1.01Annual Meeting.  The annual meeting of the stockholders of Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (the “Company”) shall be held in the City of New York within the State of New York within the first four months of the Company’s fiscal year, on such date and at such time and place as the board of directors of the Company (“Board of Directors” or “Board”) may designate in the call or in a waiver of notice thereof, for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting.

Section 1.02Special Meetings.  Special meetings of the stockholders of the Company may be called by the Board of Directors or by the President, and shall be called by the President or by the Secretary upon the written request of the holders of record of at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, at such times.  If for a period of thirteen months after the last annual meeting, there is a failure to elect a sufficient number of directors to conduct the business of the Company, the Board of Directors shall call a special meeting for the election of directors within two weeks after the expiration of such period; otherwise, holders of record of ten percent (10%) of the shares of stock of the Company entitled to vote in an election of directors may, in writing, demand the call of a special meeting at the office of the Company for the election of directors, specifying the date and month thereof, but not less than two nor more than three months from the date of such call.  At any such special meeting called on demand of stockholders, the stockholders attending, in person or by proxy, and entitled to vote in an election of directors shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of electing directors, but not for the transaction of any other business.

Section 1.03Notice of Meetings.  Notice of the time, place and purpose of every meeting of stockholders shall be delivered personally or mailed not less than 10 nor more than 50 days before the date of such meeting (or any other action) to each stockholder of record entitled to vote, at his post office address appearing upon the records of the Company or at such other address as shall be furnished in writing by him to the Secretary of the Company for such purpose.  Such further notice shall be given as may be required by law or by these By-Laws.  Any meeting may be held without notice if all stockholders entitled to vote are present in person or by proxy, or if notice is waived in writing, either before or after the meeting, by those not present.

Section 1.04Quorum.  The holders of record of at least a majority of the shares of the stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or by proxy, shall, except as otherwise provided by law, by the Company’s Organization Certificate or by these By-Laws, constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders; if there be no such quorum, the holders of a majority of such shares so present or represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall have been obtained.



Section 1.05Organization of Meetings.  Meetings of the stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board or, if he is not present, by the President or, if he is not present, by a chairman to be chosen at the meeting.  The Secretary of the Company, or in his absence an Assistant Secretary, shall act as secretary of the meeting, if present.

Section 1.06Voting.  At each meeting of stockholders, except as otherwise provided by statute, the Company’s Organization Certificate or these By-Laws, every holder of record of stock entitled to vote shall be entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of such stock standing in his name on the records of the Company.  Elections of directors shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast thereat and, except as otherwise provided by statute, the Company’s Organization Certificate or these By-Laws, all other action shall be determined by a majority of the votes cast at such meeting.

At all elections of directors, the voting shall be by ballot or in such other manner as may be determined by the stockholders present in person or by proxy entitled to vote at such election.

Section 1.07Action by Consent.  Except as may otherwise be provided in the Company’s Organization Certificate, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote if, prior to such action, a written consent or consents thereto, setting forth such action, is signed by all the holders of record of shares of the stock of the Company, issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereon, having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted.

ARTICLE II

DIRECTORS

Section 2.01Chairman of the Board.  Following the election of the Board of Directors at each annual meeting, the elected Board shall appoint one of its members as Chairman.  The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as from time to time may be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 2.02Lead Independent Director.  Following the election of the Board of Directors at each annual meeting, the elected Board may appoint one of its independent members as its Lead Independent Director.  When the Chairman of the Board is not present at a meeting of the Board of Directors, the Lead Independent Director, if there be one, shall preside.

Section 2.03Director Emeritus.  The Board of Directors may from time to time elect one or more Directors Emeritus.  Each Director Emeritus shall be elected for a term expiring on the date of the regular meeting of the Board of Directors following the next annual meeting.  No Director Emeritus shall be considered a “director” for purposes of these By-Laws or for any other purpose.



Section 2.04Powers, Number, Quorum, Term, Vacancies, Removal.  The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors which may exercise all such powers of the Company and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the Company’s Organization Certificate or by these By-Laws required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

The number of directors may be changed by a resolution passed by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors or by a vote of the holders of record of at least a majority of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, but at all times the Board of Directors must consist of not less than seven nor more than thirty directors.  No more than one-third of the directors shall be active officers or employees of the Company.  At least one-half of the directors must be citizens of the United States at the time of their election and during their continuance in office.

Except as otherwise required by law, rule or regulation, or by the Company’s Organization Certificate, at all meetings of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, a majority of the entire Board of Directors or a majority of the directors constituting such committee, as the case may be, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the directors or committee members present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, or such committee, as applicable.  Any one or more members of the Board may participate in a meeting of the Board by means of a conference telephone or video, or other similar communications equipment allowing all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other at the same time.  Participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.  Whether or not a quorum shall be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, a majority of the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time; notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to the directors who were not present at the time of the adjournment, but if the time and place of the adjourned meeting are announced, no additional notice shall be required to be given to the directors present at the time of adjournment.

Directors shall hold office until the next annual election and until their successors shall have been elected and shall have qualified.  Director vacancies not exceeding one-third of the whole number of the Board of Directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, and the directors so elected shall hold office for the balance of the unexpired term.

Any one or more of the directors of the Company may be removed either with or without cause at any time by a vote of the holders of record of at least a majority of the shares of stock of the Company, issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, and thereupon the term of the director or directors who shall have been so removed shall forthwith terminate and there shall be a vacancy or vacancies in the Board of Directors, to be filled by a vote of the stockholders as provided in these By-Laws.



Section 2.05Meetings, Notice.  Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such place either within or without the State of New York, as may from time to time be fixed by resolution of the Board, or as may be specified in the call or in a waiver of notice thereof.  Regular meetings of the Board of Directors and its Executive Committee shall be held as often as may be required under applicable law, and special meetings may be held at any time upon the call of two directors, the Chairman of the Board or the President, by oral, telegraphic or written notice duly served on or sent or mailed to each director not less than two days before such meeting.  Any meeting may be held without notice, if all directors are present, or if notice is waived in writing, either before or after the meeting, by those not present.

Section 2.06Compensation.  The Board of Directors may determine, from time to time, the amount of compensation, which shall be paid to its members.  The Board of Directors shall also have power, in its discretion, to allow a fixed sum and expenses for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board, or of any committee of the Board.  The Board of Directors shall also have power, in its discretion, to provide for and pay to directors rendering services to the Company not ordinarily rendered by directors, as such, special compensation appropriate to the value of such services, as determined by the Board from time to time.

ARTICLE III

COMMITTEES

Section 3.01Executive Committee.  There shall be an Executive Committee of the Board who shall be appointed annually by resolution adopted by the majority of the entire Board of Directors.  The Chairman of the Board shall preside at meetings of the Executive Committee.  In his absence, the Chief Executive Officer or, in his absence, the President or any Co-President or, in their absence, such other member of the Executive Committee as the Executive Committee from time to time may designate shall preside at such meetings.

Section 3.02Audit and Fiduciary Committee.  There shall be an Audit and Fiduciary Committee appointed annually by resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board of Directors which shall consist of such number of independent directors, as may from time to time be fixed by the Audit and Fiduciary Committee charter adopted by the Board of Directors.

Section 3.03Other Committees.  The Board of Directors shall have the power to appoint any other Committees as may seem necessary, and from time to time to suspend or continue the powers and duties of such Committees.  Each Committee appointed pursuant to this Article shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.

Section 3.04Limitations.  No committee shall have the authority as to the following matters:  (i) the submission to stockholders of any action that needs stockholders’ authorization under New York Banking Law; (ii) the filling of vacancies in the Board of Directors or in any such committee; (iii) the fixing of compensation of the directors for serving on the Board of Directors or on any committee; (iv) the amendment or repeal of these By-Laws, or the adoption of new by-laws; (v) the amendment or repeal of any resolution of the Board of Directors which by its terms shall not be so amendable or repealable; or (vi) the taking of action which is expressly required by any provision of New York Banking Law to be taken at a meeting of the Board of Directors or by a specified proportion of the directors.



ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

Section 4.01Titles and Election.  The officers of the Company, who shall be chosen by the Board of Directors within twenty-five days after each annual meeting of stockholders, shall be a President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Risk Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary, and a General Auditor.  The Board of Directors from time to time may elect one or more Managing Directors, Directors, Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers and such other officers and agents as it shall deem necessary, and may define their powers and duties.  Any number of offices may be held by the same person, except the offices of President and Secretary.

Section 4.02Terms of Office.  Each officer shall hold office for the term for which he is elected or appointed, and until his successor has been elected or appointed and qualified.

Section 4.03Removal.  Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors.

Section 4.04Resignations.  Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board of Directors or to the Secretary.  Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.

Section 4.05Vacancies.  If the office of any officer or agent becomes vacant by reason of death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal from office or otherwise, the Board of Directors may choose a successor, who shall hold office for the unexpired term in respect of which such vacancy occurred.

Section 4.06President.  The President shall have general authority to exercise all the powers necessary for the President of the Company.  In the absence of the Chairman and the Lead Independent Director, the President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders.  The President shall have the power to execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to the office of the president of a corporation and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 4.07Chief Executive Officer.  Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Company.  The Chief Executive Officer shall exercise the powers and perform the duties usual to the chief executive officer and, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, shall have general management and control of the affairs and business of the Company; he shall appoint and discharge employees and agents of the Company (other than officers elected by the Board of Directors); he shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect; he shall have the power to execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to the office of the chief executive officer of a corporation and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.



Section 4.08Chief Risk Officer.  The Chief Risk Officer shall have the responsibility for the risk management and monitoring of the Company.  The Chief Risk Officer shall have the power to execute bonds, notes, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to his office and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 4.09Chief Financial Officer.  The Chief Financial Officer shall have the responsibility for reporting to the Board of Directors on the financial condition of the Company, preparing and submitting all financial reports required by applicable law, and preparing annual financial statements of the Company and coordinating with qualified third party auditors to ensure such financial statements are audited in accordance with applicable law.

Section 4.10Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Company and shall deposit all moneys, and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Company, in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors.  He shall disburse the funds of the Company as may be ordered by the Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the directors whenever they may require it an account of all his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Company.

Section 4.11Secretary.  The Secretary shall attend all sessions of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all votes and the minutes of proceedings in records or books to be kept for that purpose.  He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to the office of the secretary of a corporation and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.  The Secretary shall have and be the custodian of the stock records and all other books, records and papers of the Company (other than financial) and shall see that all books, reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by law are properly kept and filed.

Section 4.12General Auditor.  The General Auditor shall be responsible, through the Audit and Fiduciary Committee, to the Board of Directors for the determination of the program of the internal audit function and the evaluation of the adequacy of the system of internal controls.  Subject to the Board of Directors, the General Auditor shall have and may exercise all the powers and shall perform all the duties usual to such office and shall have such other powers as may be prescribed or assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors or vested in him by law or by these By-Laws.  He shall perform such other duties and shall make such investigations, examinations and reports as may be prescribed or required by the Audit and Fiduciary Committee.  The General Auditor shall have unrestricted access to all records and premises of the Company and shall delegate such authority to his subordinates.  He shall have the duty to report to the Audit and Fiduciary Committee on all matters concerning the internal audit program and the adequacy of the system of internal controls of the Company which he deems advisable or which the Audit and Fiduciary Committee may request.



Section 4.13Managing Directors, Directors and Vice Presidents.  If chosen, the Managing Directors, Directors and Vice Presidents, in the order of their seniority, shall, in the absence or disability of the President, exercise all of the powers and duties of the President.  Such Managing Directors, Directors and Vice Presidents shall have the power to execute bonds, notes, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and they shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to their respective offices and as from time to time may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the President.

Section 4.14Duties of Officers may be Delegated.  In case of the absence or disability of any officer of the Company, or for any other reason that the Board may deem sufficient, the Board may delegate, for the time being, the powers or duties, or any of them, of such officer to any other officer.

ARTICLE V

INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS AND OTHERS

Section 5.01Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings other than Those by or in the Right of the Company.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, and subject to applicable law, the Company shall indemnify any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action or proceeding (other than one by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor), whether civil or criminal, including an action by or in the right of any other corporation of any type or kind, domestic or foreign, or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, which any director or officer of the Company served in any capacity at the request of the Company, by reason of the fact that such person, his or her testator or intestate, was a director or officer of the Company, or served such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise in any capacity, against judgments, fines, amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees actually and necessarily incurred as a result of such action or proceeding, or any appeal therein, if such director or officer acted, in good faith, for a purpose which such person reasonably believed to be in, or, in the case of service for any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, not opposed to, the best interests of the Company, and had no reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.

Section 5.02Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, and subject to applicable law, the Company shall indemnify any person made, or threatened to be made, a party to an action by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person, his or her testator or intestate, is or was a director or officer of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director or officer of any other corporation of any type or kind, domestic or foreign, of any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and necessarily incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action, or in connection with an appeal therein, if such director or officer acted, in good faith, for a purpose which he reasonably believed to be in, or, in the case of service for any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, not opposed to, the best interests of the Company, except that no indemnification under this Section 5.02 shall be made in respect of (a) a threatened action, or a pending action which is settled or otherwise disposed of, or (b) any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action was brought, or, if no action was brought, any court of competent jurisdiction, determines upon application that, in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such portion of the settlement amount and expenses as the court deems proper.



Section 5.03Authorization of Indemnification.  Any indemnification under this Article V (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Company only if authorized in the specific case (i) by the Board acting by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding upon a finding that the director or officer has met the standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be; or (ii) if a quorum is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, (x) by the Board upon the opinion in writing of independent legal counsel that indemnification is proper in the circumstances because the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be, has been met by such director or officer; or (y) by the stockholders upon a finding that the director or officer has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be.  A person who has been successful on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of a civil or criminal action or proceeding of the character described in Sections 5.01 or 5.02, shall be entitled to indemnification as authorized in such section.

Section 5.04Good Faith Defined.  For purposes of any determination under Section 5.03, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, or to have had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful, if such person’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Company or another enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Company or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Company or another enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Company or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Company or another enterprise.  The provisions of this Section 5.04 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be.

Section 5.05Serving an Employee Benefit Plan on behalf of the Company.  For the purpose of this Article V, the Company shall be deemed to have requested a person to serve an employee benefit plan where the performance by such person of his duties to the Company also imposes duties on, or otherwise involves services by, such person to the plan or participants or beneficiaries of the plan; excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan pursuant to applicable law shall be considered fines; and action taken or omitted by a person with respect to an employee benefit plan in the performance of such person’s duties for a purpose reasonably believed by such person to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan shall be deemed to be for a purpose which is not opposed to the best interests of the Company.



Section 5.06Indemnification upon Application to a Court.  Notwithstanding the failure of the Company to provide indemnification and despite any contrary resolution of the Board or stockholders under Section 5.03, or in the event that no determination has been made within ninety days after receipt of the Company of a written claim therefor, upon application to a court by a director or officer, indemnification shall be awarded by a court to the extent authorized in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02.  Such application shall be upon notice to the Company.  Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under Section 5.03 nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the director or officer seeking indemnification has not met any applicable standard of conduct.

Section 5.07Expenses Payable in Advance.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, and subject to applicable law, expenses incurred in defending a civil or criminal action or proceeding may be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount (i) if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company as authorized in this Article V, (ii) where indemnification is granted, to the extent expenses so advanced by the Company or allowed by a court exceed the indemnification to which such person is entitled and (iii) upon such other terms and conditions, if any, as the Company deems appropriate.  Any such advancement of expenses shall be made in the sole and absolute discretion of the Company only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (i) by the Board acting by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding, or (ii) if a quorum is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, if a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, (x) by the Board upon the opinion in writing of independent legal counsel or (y) by the stockholders and, with respect to former directors and officers, by any person or persons having the authority to act on the matter on behalf of the Company.  Without limiting the foregoing, the Company reserves the right in its sole and absolute discretion to revoke at any time any approval previously granted in respect of any such request for the advancement of expenses or to, in its sole and absolute discretion, impose limits or conditions in respect of any such approval.

Section 5.08Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses.  The indemnification and advancement of expenses granted pursuant to, or provided by, this Article V shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which a director or officer seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled whether contained in the Company’s Organization Certificate, these By-Laws or, when authorized by the Organization Certificate or these By-Laws, (i) a resolution of stockholders, (ii) a resolution of directors, or (iii) an agreement providing for such indemnification, provided that no indemnification may be made to or on behalf of any director or officer if a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the director or officer establishes that his acts were committed in bad faith or were the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and were material to the cause of action so adjudicated, or that he personally gained in fact a financial profit or other advantage to which he was not legally entitled.  Nothing contained in this Article V shall affect any rights to indemnification to which corporate personnel other than directors and officers may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.



Section 5.09Insurance.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, the Company may purchase and maintain insurance (in a single contract or supplement thereto, but not in a retrospective rated contract):  (i) to indemnify the Company for any obligation which it incurs as a result of the indemnification of directors and officers under the provisions of this Article V, (ii) to indemnify directors and officers in instances in which they may be indemnified by the Company under the provisions of this Article V and applicable law, and (iii) to indemnify directors and officers in instances in which they may not otherwise be indemnified by the Company under the provisions of this Article V, provided the contract of insurance covering such directors and officers provides, in a manner acceptable to the New York Superintendent of Financial Services, for a retention amount and for co-insurance.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, any such insurance shall be subject to the provisions of, and the Company shall comply with the requirements set forth in, Section 7023 of the New York State Banking Law.

Section 5.10Limitations on Indemnification and Insurance.  All indemnification and insurance provisions contained in this Article V are subject to any limitations and prohibitions under applicable law, including but not limited to Section 7022 (with respect to indemnification, advancement or allowance) and Section 7023 (with respect to insurance) of the New York State Banking Law and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (with respect to administrative proceedings or civil actions initiated by any federal banking agency).  Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article V to the contrary, no indemnification, advancement or allowance shall be made (i) to or on behalf of any director or officer if a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the director or officer establishes that his acts were committed in bad faith or were the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and were material to the cause of action so adjudicated, or that he personally gained in fact a financial profit or other advantage to which he was not legally entitled, or (ii) in any circumstance where it appears (a) that the indemnification would be inconsistent with a provision of the Company’s Organization Certificate, these By-Laws, a resolution of the Board or of the stockholders, an agreement or other proper corporate action, in effect at the time of the accrual of the alleged cause of action asserted in the threatened or pending action or proceeding in which the expenses were incurred or other amounts were paid, which prohibits or otherwise limits indemnification; or (b) if there has been a settlement approved by the court, that the indemnification would be inconsistent with any condition with respect to indemnification expressly imposed by the court in approving the settlement.

Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article V to the contrary, but subject to any requirements of applicable law, (i) except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification (which shall be governed by Section 5.06), the Company shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer (or his testators intestate) or advance expenses in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors of the Company, (ii) with respect to indemnification or advancement of expenses relating to attorneys’ fees under this Article V, counsel for the present or former director or officer must be reasonably acceptable to the Company (and the Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion, establish a panel of approved law firms for such purpose, out of which the present or former director or officer could be required to select an approved law firm to represent him), (iii) indemnification in respect of amounts paid in settlement shall be subject to the prior consent of the Company (not to be unreasonably withheld), (iv) any and all obligations of the Corporation under this Article V shall be subject to applicable law, (v) in no event shall any payments pursuant to this Article V be made if duplicative of any indemnification or advancement of expenses or other reimbursement available to the applicable director or officer (other than for coverage maintained by such person in his individual capacity), and (vi) no indemnification or advancement of expenses shall be provided under these By-Laws to any person in respect of any expenses, judgments, fines or amounts paid in settlement to the extent incurred by such person in his capacity or position with another entity (including, without limitation, an entity that is a stockholder of the Company or any of the branches or affiliates of such stockholder), except as expressly provided in these By-Laws in respect of such person’s capacity and position as a director or officer of the Company or such person is a director or officer of the Company serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.



Section 5.11Indemnification of Other Persons.  The Company may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses (whether pursuant to an adoption of a policy or otherwise) to employees and agents of the Company (whether similar to those conferred in this Article V upon directors and officers of the Company or on other terms and conditions authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors), as well as to employees of direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company and to other persons (or categories of persons) approved from time to time by the Board of Directors.

Section 5.12Repeal.  Any repeal or modification of this Article V shall not adversely affect any rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses of a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company existing at the time of such repeal or modification with respect to any acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or modification.

ARTICLE VI

CAPITAL STOCK

Section 6.01Certificates.  The interest of each stockholder of the Company shall be evidenced by certificates for shares of stock in such form as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.  The certificates of stock shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board or the President or a Managing Director or a Director or a Vice President and by the Secretary, or the Treasurer, or an Assistant Secretary, or an Assistant Treasurer, sealed with the seal of the Company or a facsimile thereof, and countersigned and registered in such manner, if any, as the Board of Directors may by resolution prescribe.  Where any such certificate is countersigned by a transfer agent other than the Company or its employee, or registered by a registrar other than the Company or its employee, the signature of any such officer may be a facsimile signature.  In case any officer or officers who shall have signed, or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used on, any such certificate or certificates shall cease to be such officer or officers of the Company, whether because of death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates shall have been delivered by the Company, such certificate or certificates may nevertheless be adopted by the Company and be issued and delivered as though the person or persons who signed such certificate or certificates or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer or officers of the Company.



Section 6.02Transfer.  The shares of stock of the Company shall be transferred only upon the books of the Company by the holder thereof in person or by his attorney, upon surrender for cancellation of certificates for the same number of shares, with an assignment and power of transfer endorsed thereon or attached thereto, duly executed, with such proof of the authenticity of the signature as the Company or its agents may reasonably require.

Section 6.03Record Dates.  The Board of Directors may fix in advance a date, not less than 10 nor more than 50 days preceding the date of any meeting of stockholders, or the date for the payment of any dividend, or the date for the distribution or allotment of any rights, or the date when any change, conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go into effect, as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend, or to receive any distribution or allotment of such rights, or to exercise the rights in respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of capital stock, and in such case only such stockholders as shall be stockholders of record on the date so fixed shall be entitled to such notice of, and to vote at, such meeting, or to receive payment of such dividend, or to receive such distribution or allotment or rights or to exercise such rights, as the case may be, notwithstanding any transfer of any stock on the books of the Company after any such record date fixed as aforesaid.

Section 6.04Lost Certificates.  In the event that any certificate of stock is lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated, the Board of Directors may authorize the issuance of a new certificate of the same tenor and for the same number of shares in lieu thereof.  The Board may in its discretion, before the issuance of such new certificate, require the owner of the lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificate or the legal representative of the owner to make an affidavit or affirmation setting forth such facts as to the loss, destruction or mutilation as it deems necessary and to give the Company a bond in such reasonable sum as it directs to indemnify the Company.

ARTICLE VII

CHECKS, NOTES, ETC.

Section 7.01Checks, Notes, Etc.  All checks and drafts on the Company’s bank accounts and all bills of exchange and promissory notes, and all acceptances, obligations and other instruments for the payment of money, may be signed by the President or any Managing Director or any Director or any Vice President and may also be signed by such other officer or officers, agent or agents, as shall be thereunto authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors.



ARTICLE VIII

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 8.01Fiscal Year.  The fiscal year of the Company shall be from January 1 to December 31, unless changed by the Board of Directors.

Section 8.02Books.  There shall be kept at such office of the Company as the Board of Directors shall determine, within or without the State of New York, correct books and records of account of all its business and transactions, minutes of the proceedings of its stockholders, Board of Directors and committees, and the stock book, containing the names and addresses of the stockholders, the number of shares held by them, respectively, and the dates when they respectively became the owners of record thereof, and in which the transfer of stock shall be registered, and such other books and records as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

Section 8.03Voting of Stock.  Unless otherwise specifically authorized by the Board of Directors, all stock owned by the Company, other than stock of the Company, shall be voted, in person or by proxy, by the President or any Managing Director or any Director or any Vice President of the Company on behalf of the Company.

ARTICLE IX

AMENDMENTS

Section 9.01Amendments.  The vote of the holders of at least a majority of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote shall be necessary at any meeting of stockholders to amend or repeal these By-Laws or to adopt new by-laws.  These By-Laws may also be amended or repealed, or new by-laws adopted, at any meeting of the Board of Directors by the vote of at least a majority of the entire Board, provided that any by-law adopted by the Board may be amended or repealed by the stockholders in the manner set forth above.

Any proposal to amend or repeal these By-Laws or to adopt new by-laws shall be stated in the notice of the meeting of the Board of Directors or the stockholders or in the waiver of notice thereof, as the case may be, unless all of the directors or the holders of record of all of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote are present at such meeting.




DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS 00623 New York, NY  10019 Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System OMB Number 7100-0036 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation OMB Number 3064-0052 Office of the Comptroller of the Currency OMB Number 1557-0081 Approval expires August 31, 2026 Page 1 of 86Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council  Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income for  a Bank with Domestic Offices Only—FFIEC 041  Report at the close of business September 30, 2023  This report is required by law:  12 U.S.C. § 324 (State member banks); 12 U.S.C. §1817 (State nonmember banks); 12 U.S.C. §161 (National banks); and 12 U.S.C. §1464 (Savings associations).  Unless the context indicates otherwise, the term “bank” in this report form refers to both banks and savings associations.  20230930 (RCON 9999) This report form is to be filed by banks with domestic offices only and total consolidated assets of less than $100 billion, except those banks that file the FFIEC 051, and those banks that are advanced approaches institutions for regulatory capital purposes that are required to file the FFIEC 031.  NOTE: Each bank’s board of directors and senior management are responsible for establishing and maintaining an effective system of internal control, including controls over the Reports of Condition and Income. The Reports of Condition and Income are to be prepared in accordance with federal regulatory authority instructions. The Reports of Condition and Income must be signed by the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the reporting bank (or by the individual performing an equivalent function) and attested to by not less than two directors (trustees) for state nonmember banks and three directors for state member banks, national banks, and savings associations.  I, the undersigned CFO (or equivalent) of the named bank, attest that the Reports of Condition and Income (including the supporting schedules) for this report date have been prepared in conformance with the instructions issued by the appropriate Federal regulatory authority and are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.  We, the undersigned directors (trustees), attest to the correctness of the Reports of Condition and Income (including the supporting schedules) for this report date and declare that the Reports of Condition and Income have been examined by us and to the best of our knowledge and belief have been prepared in conformance with the instructions issued by the appropriate Federal regulatory authority and are true and correct.  Director (Trustee)  Signature of Chief Financial Officer (or Equivalent)  10/30/2023  Date of Signature  Director (Trustee)  Director (Trustee)  Submission of Reports  Each bank must file its Reports of Condition and Income (Call Report) data by either:  (a)  Using computer software to prepare its Call Report and then submitting the report data directly to the FFIEC’s Central Data Repository (CDR), an Internet-based system for data collection (https://cdr.ffiec.gov/cdr/), or  (b)  Completing its Call Report in paper form and arranging with a software vendor or another party to convert the data into the electronic format that can be processed by the CDR. The software vendor or other party then must electronically submit the bank’s data file to the CDR.  For technical assistance with submissions to the CDR, please contact the CDR Help Desk by telephone at (888) CDR-3111, by fax at (703) 774-3946, or by e-mail at cdr.help@cdr.ffiec.gov.  FDIC Certificate Number  623  (RSSD 9050) To fulfill the signature and attestation requirement for the Reports of Condition and Income for this report date, attach your bank’s completed signature page (or a photocopy or a computer generated version of this page) to the hard-copy record of the data file submitted to the CDR that your bank must place in its files.  The appearance of your bank’s hard-copy record of the submitted data file need not match exactly the appearance of the FFIEC’s sample report forms, but should show at least the caption of each Call Report item and the reported amount.  DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  Legal Title of Bank (RSSD 9017)  New York  City (RSSD 9130)  NY  10019  State Abbreviation (RSSD 9200)  Zip Code (RSSD 9220)  Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)  8EWQ2UQKS07AKK8ANH81  (Report only if your institution already has an LEI.) (RCON 9224)10019  The estimated average burden associated with this information collection is 54.60 hours per respondent and is expected to vary by institution, depending on individual circumstances. Burden estimates include the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data in the required form, and completing the information collection, but exclude the time for compiling and maintaining business records in the normal course of a respondent’s activities. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and an organization (or a person) is not required to respond to a collection of information, unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Comments concerning the accuracy of this burden estimate and suggestions for reducing this burden should be directed to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Washington, DC 20503, and to one of the following: Secretary, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 20th and C Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20551; Legislative and Regulatory Analysis Division, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Washington, DC 20219; Assistant Executive Secretary, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Washington, DC 20429.



DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  00623  New York, NY 10019  FFIEC 041  Page 17 of 86  RC-1  Consolidated Report of Condition for Insured Banks  and Savings Associations for September 30, 2023  All schedules are to be reported in thousands of dollars. Unless otherwise indicated, report the amount outstanding as of the last business day of the quarter.  Schedule RC—Balance Sheet  Dollar Amounts in Thousands  RCON  Amount  Assets  1.  Cash and balances due from depository institutions (from Schedule RC-A)  a. Noninterest-bearing balances and currency and coin (1)  0081  44,000  1.a.  b. Interest-bearing balances (2)  0071  13,450,000  1.b.  2.  Securities:  a. Held-to-maturity securities (from Schedule RC-B, column A) (3)  JJ34  0  2.a.  b. Available-for-sale debt securities (from Schedule RC-B, column D)  1773  364,000  2.b.  c. Equity securities with readily determinable fair values not held for trading (4)  JA22  0  2.c.  3.  Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell:  a. Federal funds sold  B987  0  3.a.  b. Securities purchased under agreements to resell (5, 6)  B989  5,922,000  3.b.  4.  Loans and lease financing receivables (from Schedule RC-C):  a. Loans and leases held for sale  5369  0  4.a.  b. Loans and leases held for investment  B528  15,537,000  4.b.  c. LESS: Allowance for loan and lease losses  3123  15,000  4.c.  d. Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance (item 4.b minus 4.c) (7)  B529  15,522,000  4.d.  5.  Trading assets (from Schedule RC-D)  3545  0  5.  6.  Premises and fixed assets (including capitalized leases)  2145  0  6.  7.  Other real estate owned (from Schedule RC-M)  2150  4,000  7.  8.  Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies  2130  0  8.  9.  Direct and indirect investments in real estate ventures  3656  0  9.  10.  Intangible assets (from Schedule RC-M)  2143  2,000  10.  11.  Other assets (from Schedule RC-F) (6)  2160  2,771,000  11.  12.  Total assets (sum of items 1 through 11)  2170  38,079,000  12.  Liabilities  13.  Deposits:  a. In domestic offices (sum of totals of columns A and C from Schedule RC-E)  2200  25,355,000  13.a.  (1) Noninterest-bearing (8)  6631  8,935,000  13.a.(1)  (2) Interest-bearing  6636  16,420,000  13.a.(2)  b. Not applicable  14.  Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase:  a. Federal funds purchased (9)  B993  0  14.a.  b. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (10)  B995  0  14.b.  15.  Trading liabilities (from Schedule RC-D)  3548  0  15.  16.  Other borrowed money (includes mortgage indebtedness) (from Schedule RC-M)  3190  277,000  16.  17.  and 18. Not applicable  19.  Subordinated notes and debentures (11)  3200  0  19.  1.  Includes cash items in process of collection and unposted debits.  2.  Includes time certificates of deposit not held for trading.  3.  Institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13 should report in item 2.a amounts net of any applicable allowance for credit losses, and item 2.a should equal Schedule RC-B, item 8, column A, less Schedule RI-B, Part II, item 7, column B.  4.  Item 2.c is to be completed by all institutions. See the instructions for this item and the Glossary entry for “Securities Activities” for further detail on accounting for investments in equity securities.  5.  Includes all securities resale agreements, regardless of maturity.  6.  Institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13 should report in items 3.b and 11 amounts net of any applicable allowance for credit losses.  7.  Institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13 should report in item 4.c the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases.  8.  Includes noninterest-bearing demand, time, and savings deposits.  9.  Report overnight Federal Home Loan Bank advances in Schedule RC, item 16, “Other borrowed money.”  10.  Includes all securities repurchase agreements, regardless of maturity.  11.  Includes limited-life preferred stock and related surplus.


DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  00623  New York, NY 10005  FFIEC 041  Page 18 of 87  RC-2Schedule RC—Continued  Dollar Amounts in Thousands  RCON  Amount  Liabilities—continued  20.  Other liabilities (from Schedule RC-G)  2930  3,071,000  20.  21.  Total liabilities (sum of items 13 through 20)  2948  28,703,000  21.  22.  Not applicable  Equity Capital  Bank Equity Capital  23.  Perpetual preferred stock and related surplus  3838  0  23.  24.  Common stock  3230  2,127,000  24.  25.  Surplus (exclude all surplus related to preferred stock)  3839  935,000  25.  26.  a Retained earnings  3632  6,359,000  26.a.  b Accumulated other comprehensive income (1)  B530  (45,000)  26.b.  c Other equity capital components (2)  A130  0  26.c.  27.  A Total bank equity capital (sum of items 23 through 26.c)  3210  9,376,000  27.a.  b Noncontrolling (minority) interests in consolidated subsidiaries  3000  0  27.b.  28.  Total equity capital (sum of items 27.a and 27.b)  G105  9,376,000  28.  29.  Total liabilities and equity capital (sum of items 21 and 28)  3300  38,079,000  29.  Memoranda  To be reported with the March Report of Condition.  1.  Indicate in the box at the right the number of the statement below that best describes the most comprehensive level of auditing work performed for the bank by independent external auditors as of any date during 2022  RCON  Number  6724  NA  M.1.  1a =  An integrated audit of the reporting institution’s financial statements and its internal control over financial reporting conducted in accordance with the standards of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) or Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the institution  1b =  An audit of the reporting institution’s financial statements only conducted in accordance with the auditing standards of the AICPA or the PCAOB by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the institution  2a =  An integrated audit of the reporting institution’s parent holding company’s consolidated financial statements and its internal control over financial reporting conducted in accordance with the standards of the AICPA or the PCAOB by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the consolidated holding company (but not on the institution separately)  2b =  An audit of the reporting institution’s parent holding company’s consolidated financial statements only conducted in accordance with the auditing standards of the AICPA or the PCAOB by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the consolidated holding company (but not on the institution separately)  3 =  This number is not to be used  4 =  Directors’ examination of the bank conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards by a certified public accounting firm (may be required by state-chartering authority)  5 =  Directors’ examination of the bank performed by other external auditors (may be required by state-chartering authority)  6 =  Review of the bank’s financial statements by external auditors  7 =  Compilation of the bank’s financial statements by external auditors  8 =  Other audit procedures (excluding tax preparation work)  9 =  No external audit work  To be reported with the March Report of Condition.  2.  Bank’s fiscal year-end date (report the date in MMDD format)  RCON  Date  8678  NA  M.2.  1.  Includes, but is not limited to, net unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, accumulated net gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, and accumulated defined benefit pension and other postretirement plan adjustments.  2.  Includes treasury stock and unearned Employee Stock Ownership Plan shares.
Exhibit 25.2


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C.   20549



FORM T-1



STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY
UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939
OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE
 CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY OF A TRUSTEE PURSUANT TO SECTION 305(b)(2)



DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS
(formerly BANKERS TRUST COMPANY)
(Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter)



NEW YORK
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or
organization if not a U.S. national bank)
 
13-4941247
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification no.)
     
1 COLUMBUS CIRCLE
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
(Address of principal
executive offices)
 
  10019
(Zip Code)

Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas
1 Columbus Circle
New York, New York 10019
(212) 250 – 2500
(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)



SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V.
(Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter)



The Netherlands
 
Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
     
2596 HR The Hague
The Netherlands
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip code)



Debt Securities
(Title of the Indenture securities)





Item   1.
General Information.

Furnish the following information as to the trustee.


(a)
Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.

 
Name
Address
     
 
Federal Reserve Bank (2nd District)
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
New York State Banking Department
New York, NY
Washington, D.C.
Albany, NY


(b)
Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.

Yes.

Item   2.
Affiliations with Obligor.

 
If the obligor is an affiliate of the Trustee, describe each such affiliation.
 
     
 
None.
 

Item 3. -15.
Not Applicable

Item  16.
List of Exhibits.

 
Exhibit 1 -
Restated Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated August 31, 1998; Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated September 25, 1998; Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated December 18, 1998; Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated September 3, 1999; and Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated March 14, 2002, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 2 -
Certificate of Authority to commence business, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 3 -
Authorization of the Trustee to exercise corporate trust powers, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 4 -
A copy of existing By-Laws of Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, dated March 2, 2023.



 
Exhibit 5 -
Not applicable.
     
 
Exhibit 6 -
Consent of Bankers Trust Company required by Section 321(b) of the Act, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 6 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 7 -
A copy of the latest report of condition of the trustee published pursuant to law or the requirements of its supervising or examining authority.
     
 
Exhibit 8 -
Not Applicable.
     
 
Exhibit 9 -
Not Applicable.



SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, the trustee, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, has duly caused this statement of eligibility to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in The City of New York, and State of New York, on this 15th day of December, 2023.


  DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  
       

By:
/s/ Jacqueline Bartnick  
    Name:  Jacqueline Bartnick  
    Title:    Director  
       





AMENDED AND RESTATED
BY-LAWS
OF
DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS

ARTICLE I

STOCKHOLDERS

Section 1.01Annual Meeting.  The annual meeting of the stockholders of Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (the “Company”) shall be held in the City of New York within the State of New York within the first four months of the Company’s fiscal year, on such date and at such time and place as the board of directors of the Company (“Board of Directors” or “Board”) may designate in the call or in a waiver of notice thereof, for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting.

Section 1.02Special Meetings.  Special meetings of the stockholders of the Company may be called by the Board of Directors or by the President, and shall be called by the President or by the Secretary upon the written request of the holders of record of at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, at such times.  If for a period of thirteen months after the last annual meeting, there is a failure to elect a sufficient number of directors to conduct the business of the Company, the Board of Directors shall call a special meeting for the election of directors within two weeks after the expiration of such period; otherwise, holders of record of ten percent (10%) of the shares of stock of the Company entitled to vote in an election of directors may, in writing, demand the call of a special meeting at the office of the Company for the election of directors, specifying the date and month thereof, but not less than two nor more than three months from the date of such call.  At any such special meeting called on demand of stockholders, the stockholders attending, in person or by proxy, and entitled to vote in an election of directors shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of electing directors, but not for the transaction of any other business.

Section 1.03Notice of Meetings.  Notice of the time, place and purpose of every meeting of stockholders shall be delivered personally or mailed not less than 10 nor more than 50 days before the date of such meeting (or any other action) to each stockholder of record entitled to vote, at his post office address appearing upon the records of the Company or at such other address as shall be furnished in writing by him to the Secretary of the Company for such purpose.  Such further notice shall be given as may be required by law or by these By-Laws.  Any meeting may be held without notice if all stockholders entitled to vote are present in person or by proxy, or if notice is waived in writing, either before or after the meeting, by those not present.

Section 1.04Quorum.  The holders of record of at least a majority of the shares of the stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or by proxy, shall, except as otherwise provided by law, by the Company’s Organization Certificate or by these By-Laws, constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders; if there be no such quorum, the holders of a majority of such shares so present or represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall have been obtained.



Section 1.05Organization of Meetings.  Meetings of the stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board or, if he is not present, by the President or, if he is not present, by a chairman to be chosen at the meeting.  The Secretary of the Company, or in his absence an Assistant Secretary, shall act as secretary of the meeting, if present.

Section 1.06Voting.  At each meeting of stockholders, except as otherwise provided by statute, the Company’s Organization Certificate or these By-Laws, every holder of record of stock entitled to vote shall be entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of such stock standing in his name on the records of the Company.  Elections of directors shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast thereat and, except as otherwise provided by statute, the Company’s Organization Certificate or these By-Laws, all other action shall be determined by a majority of the votes cast at such meeting.

At all elections of directors, the voting shall be by ballot or in such other manner as may be determined by the stockholders present in person or by proxy entitled to vote at such election.

Section 1.07Action by Consent.  Except as may otherwise be provided in the Company’s Organization Certificate, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote if, prior to such action, a written consent or consents thereto, setting forth such action, is signed by all the holders of record of shares of the stock of the Company, issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereon, having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted.

ARTICLE II

DIRECTORS

Section 2.01Chairman of the Board.  Following the election of the Board of Directors at each annual meeting, the elected Board shall appoint one of its members as Chairman.  The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as from time to time may be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 2.02Lead Independent Director.  Following the election of the Board of Directors at each annual meeting, the elected Board may appoint one of its independent members as its Lead Independent Director.  When the Chairman of the Board is not present at a meeting of the Board of Directors, the Lead Independent Director, if there be one, shall preside.

Section 2.03Director Emeritus.  The Board of Directors may from time to time elect one or more Directors Emeritus.  Each Director Emeritus shall be elected for a term expiring on the date of the regular meeting of the Board of Directors following the next annual meeting.  No Director Emeritus shall be considered a “director” for purposes of these By-Laws or for any other purpose.



Section 2.04Powers, Number, Quorum, Term, Vacancies, Removal.  The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors which may exercise all such powers of the Company and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the Company’s Organization Certificate or by these By-Laws required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

The number of directors may be changed by a resolution passed by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors or by a vote of the holders of record of at least a majority of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, but at all times the Board of Directors must consist of not less than seven nor more than thirty directors.  No more than one-third of the directors shall be active officers or employees of the Company.  At least one-half of the directors must be citizens of the United States at the time of their election and during their continuance in office.

Except as otherwise required by law, rule or regulation, or by the Company’s Organization Certificate, at all meetings of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, a majority of the entire Board of Directors or a majority of the directors constituting such committee, as the case may be, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the directors or committee members present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, or such committee, as applicable.  Any one or more members of the Board may participate in a meeting of the Board by means of a conference telephone or video, or other similar communications equipment allowing all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other at the same time.  Participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.  Whether or not a quorum shall be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, a majority of the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time; notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to the directors who were not present at the time of the adjournment, but if the time and place of the adjourned meeting are announced, no additional notice shall be required to be given to the directors present at the time of adjournment.

Directors shall hold office until the next annual election and until their successors shall have been elected and shall have qualified.  Director vacancies not exceeding one-third of the whole number of the Board of Directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, and the directors so elected shall hold office for the balance of the unexpired term.

Any one or more of the directors of the Company may be removed either with or without cause at any time by a vote of the holders of record of at least a majority of the shares of stock of the Company, issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, and thereupon the term of the director or directors who shall have been so removed shall forthwith terminate and there shall be a vacancy or vacancies in the Board of Directors, to be filled by a vote of the stockholders as provided in these By-Laws.



Section 2.05Meetings, Notice.  Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such place either within or without the State of New York, as may from time to time be fixed by resolution of the Board, or as may be specified in the call or in a waiver of notice thereof.  Regular meetings of the Board of Directors and its Executive Committee shall be held as often as may be required under applicable law, and special meetings may be held at any time upon the call of two directors, the Chairman of the Board or the President, by oral, telegraphic or written notice duly served on or sent or mailed to each director not less than two days before such meeting.  Any meeting may be held without notice, if all directors are present, or if notice is waived in writing, either before or after the meeting, by those not present.

Section 2.06Compensation.  The Board of Directors may determine, from time to time, the amount of compensation, which shall be paid to its members.  The Board of Directors shall also have power, in its discretion, to allow a fixed sum and expenses for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board, or of any committee of the Board.  The Board of Directors shall also have power, in its discretion, to provide for and pay to directors rendering services to the Company not ordinarily rendered by directors, as such, special compensation appropriate to the value of such services, as determined by the Board from time to time.

ARTICLE III

COMMITTEES

Section 3.01Executive Committee.  There shall be an Executive Committee of the Board who shall be appointed annually by resolution adopted by the majority of the entire Board of Directors.  The Chairman of the Board shall preside at meetings of the Executive Committee.  In his absence, the Chief Executive Officer or, in his absence, the President or any Co-President or, in their absence, such other member of the Executive Committee as the Executive Committee from time to time may designate shall preside at such meetings.

Section 3.02Audit and Fiduciary Committee.  There shall be an Audit and Fiduciary Committee appointed annually by resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board of Directors which shall consist of such number of independent directors, as may from time to time be fixed by the Audit and Fiduciary Committee charter adopted by the Board of Directors.

Section 3.03Other Committees.  The Board of Directors shall have the power to appoint any other Committees as may seem necessary, and from time to time to suspend or continue the powers and duties of such Committees.  Each Committee appointed pursuant to this Article shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.

Section 3.04Limitations.  No committee shall have the authority as to the following matters:  (i) the submission to stockholders of any action that needs stockholders’ authorization under New York Banking Law; (ii) the filling of vacancies in the Board of Directors or in any such committee; (iii) the fixing of compensation of the directors for serving on the Board of Directors or on any committee; (iv) the amendment or repeal of these By-Laws, or the adoption of new by-laws; (v) the amendment or repeal of any resolution of the Board of Directors which by its terms shall not be so amendable or repealable; or (vi) the taking of action which is expressly required by any provision of New York Banking Law to be taken at a meeting of the Board of Directors or by a specified proportion of the directors.



ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

Section 4.01Titles and Election.  The officers of the Company, who shall be chosen by the Board of Directors within twenty-five days after each annual meeting of stockholders, shall be a President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Risk Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary, and a General Auditor.  The Board of Directors from time to time may elect one or more Managing Directors, Directors, Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers and such other officers and agents as it shall deem necessary, and may define their powers and duties.  Any number of offices may be held by the same person, except the offices of President and Secretary.

Section 4.02Terms of Office.  Each officer shall hold office for the term for which he is elected or appointed, and until his successor has been elected or appointed and qualified.

Section 4.03Removal.  Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors.

Section 4.04Resignations.  Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board of Directors or to the Secretary.  Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.

Section 4.05Vacancies.  If the office of any officer or agent becomes vacant by reason of death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal from office or otherwise, the Board of Directors may choose a successor, who shall hold office for the unexpired term in respect of which such vacancy occurred.

Section 4.06President.  The President shall have general authority to exercise all the powers necessary for the President of the Company.  In the absence of the Chairman and the Lead Independent Director, the President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders.  The President shall have the power to execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to the office of the president of a corporation and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 4.07Chief Executive Officer.  Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Company.  The Chief Executive Officer shall exercise the powers and perform the duties usual to the chief executive officer and, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, shall have general management and control of the affairs and business of the Company; he shall appoint and discharge employees and agents of the Company (other than officers elected by the Board of Directors); he shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect; he shall have the power to execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to the office of the chief executive officer of a corporation and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.



Section 4.08Chief Risk Officer.  The Chief Risk Officer shall have the responsibility for the risk management and monitoring of the Company.  The Chief Risk Officer shall have the power to execute bonds, notes, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to his office and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 4.09Chief Financial Officer.  The Chief Financial Officer shall have the responsibility for reporting to the Board of Directors on the financial condition of the Company, preparing and submitting all financial reports required by applicable law, and preparing annual financial statements of the Company and coordinating with qualified third party auditors to ensure such financial statements are audited in accordance with applicable law.

Section 4.10Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Company and shall deposit all moneys, and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Company, in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors.  He shall disburse the funds of the Company as may be ordered by the Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the directors whenever they may require it an account of all his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Company.

Section 4.11Secretary.  The Secretary shall attend all sessions of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all votes and the minutes of proceedings in records or books to be kept for that purpose.  He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to the office of the secretary of a corporation and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.  The Secretary shall have and be the custodian of the stock records and all other books, records and papers of the Company (other than financial) and shall see that all books, reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by law are properly kept and filed.

Section 4.12General Auditor.  The General Auditor shall be responsible, through the Audit and Fiduciary Committee, to the Board of Directors for the determination of the program of the internal audit function and the evaluation of the adequacy of the system of internal controls.  Subject to the Board of Directors, the General Auditor shall have and may exercise all the powers and shall perform all the duties usual to such office and shall have such other powers as may be prescribed or assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors or vested in him by law or by these By-Laws.  He shall perform such other duties and shall make such investigations, examinations and reports as may be prescribed or required by the Audit and Fiduciary Committee.  The General Auditor shall have unrestricted access to all records and premises of the Company and shall delegate such authority to his subordinates.  He shall have the duty to report to the Audit and Fiduciary Committee on all matters concerning the internal audit program and the adequacy of the system of internal controls of the Company which he deems advisable or which the Audit and Fiduciary Committee may request.



Section 4.13Managing Directors, Directors and Vice Presidents.  If chosen, the Managing Directors, Directors and Vice Presidents, in the order of their seniority, shall, in the absence or disability of the President, exercise all of the powers and duties of the President.  Such Managing Directors, Directors and Vice Presidents shall have the power to execute bonds, notes, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and they shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to their respective offices and as from time to time may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the President.

Section 4.14Duties of Officers may be Delegated.  In case of the absence or disability of any officer of the Company, or for any other reason that the Board may deem sufficient, the Board may delegate, for the time being, the powers or duties, or any of them, of such officer to any other officer.

ARTICLE V

INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS AND OTHERS

Section 5.01Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings other than Those by or in the Right of the Company.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, and subject to applicable law, the Company shall indemnify any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action or proceeding (other than one by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor), whether civil or criminal, including an action by or in the right of any other corporation of any type or kind, domestic or foreign, or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, which any director or officer of the Company served in any capacity at the request of the Company, by reason of the fact that such person, his or her testator or intestate, was a director or officer of the Company, or served such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise in any capacity, against judgments, fines, amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees actually and necessarily incurred as a result of such action or proceeding, or any appeal therein, if such director or officer acted, in good faith, for a purpose which such person reasonably believed to be in, or, in the case of service for any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, not opposed to, the best interests of the Company, and had no reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.

Section 5.02Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, and subject to applicable law, the Company shall indemnify any person made, or threatened to be made, a party to an action by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person, his or her testator or intestate, is or was a director or officer of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director or officer of any other corporation of any type or kind, domestic or foreign, of any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and necessarily incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action, or in connection with an appeal therein, if such director or officer acted, in good faith, for a purpose which he reasonably believed to be in, or, in the case of service for any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, not opposed to, the best interests of the Company, except that no indemnification under this Section 5.02 shall be made in respect of (a) a threatened action, or a pending action which is settled or otherwise disposed of, or (b) any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action was brought, or, if no action was brought, any court of competent jurisdiction, determines upon application that, in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such portion of the settlement amount and expenses as the court deems proper.



Section 5.03Authorization of Indemnification.  Any indemnification under this Article V (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Company only if authorized in the specific case (i) by the Board acting by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding upon a finding that the director or officer has met the standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be; or (ii) if a quorum is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, (x) by the Board upon the opinion in writing of independent legal counsel that indemnification is proper in the circumstances because the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be, has been met by such director or officer; or (y) by the stockholders upon a finding that the director or officer has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be.  A person who has been successful on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of a civil or criminal action or proceeding of the character described in Sections 5.01 or 5.02, shall be entitled to indemnification as authorized in such section.

Section 5.04Good Faith Defined.  For purposes of any determination under Section 5.03, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, or to have had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful, if such person’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Company or another enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Company or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Company or another enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Company or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Company or another enterprise.  The provisions of this Section 5.04 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be.

Section 5.05Serving an Employee Benefit Plan on behalf of the Company.  For the purpose of this Article V, the Company shall be deemed to have requested a person to serve an employee benefit plan where the performance by such person of his duties to the Company also imposes duties on, or otherwise involves services by, such person to the plan or participants or beneficiaries of the plan; excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan pursuant to applicable law shall be considered fines; and action taken or omitted by a person with respect to an employee benefit plan in the performance of such person’s duties for a purpose reasonably believed by such person to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan shall be deemed to be for a purpose which is not opposed to the best interests of the Company.



Section 5.06Indemnification upon Application to a Court.  Notwithstanding the failure of the Company to provide indemnification and despite any contrary resolution of the Board or stockholders under Section 5.03, or in the event that no determination has been made within ninety days after receipt of the Company of a written claim therefor, upon application to a court by a director or officer, indemnification shall be awarded by a court to the extent authorized in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02.  Such application shall be upon notice to the Company.  Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under Section 5.03 nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the director or officer seeking indemnification has not met any applicable standard of conduct.

Section 5.07Expenses Payable in Advance.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, and subject to applicable law, expenses incurred in defending a civil or criminal action or proceeding may be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount (i) if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company as authorized in this Article V, (ii) where indemnification is granted, to the extent expenses so advanced by the Company or allowed by a court exceed the indemnification to which such person is entitled and (iii) upon such other terms and conditions, if any, as the Company deems appropriate.  Any such advancement of expenses shall be made in the sole and absolute discretion of the Company only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (i) by the Board acting by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding, or (ii) if a quorum is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, if a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, (x) by the Board upon the opinion in writing of independent legal counsel or (y) by the stockholders and, with respect to former directors and officers, by any person or persons having the authority to act on the matter on behalf of the Company.  Without limiting the foregoing, the Company reserves the right in its sole and absolute discretion to revoke at any time any approval previously granted in respect of any such request for the advancement of expenses or to, in its sole and absolute discretion, impose limits or conditions in respect of any such approval.

Section 5.08Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses.  The indemnification and advancement of expenses granted pursuant to, or provided by, this Article V shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which a director or officer seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled whether contained in the Company’s Organization Certificate, these By-Laws or, when authorized by the Organization Certificate or these By-Laws, (i) a resolution of stockholders, (ii) a resolution of directors, or (iii) an agreement providing for such indemnification, provided that no indemnification may be made to or on behalf of any director or officer if a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the director or officer establishes that his acts were committed in bad faith or were the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and were material to the cause of action so adjudicated, or that he personally gained in fact a financial profit or other advantage to which he was not legally entitled.  Nothing contained in this Article V shall affect any rights to indemnification to which corporate personnel other than directors and officers may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.



Section 5.09Insurance.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, the Company may purchase and maintain insurance (in a single contract or supplement thereto, but not in a retrospective rated contract):  (i) to indemnify the Company for any obligation which it incurs as a result of the indemnification of directors and officers under the provisions of this Article V, (ii) to indemnify directors and officers in instances in which they may be indemnified by the Company under the provisions of this Article V and applicable law, and (iii) to indemnify directors and officers in instances in which they may not otherwise be indemnified by the Company under the provisions of this Article V, provided the contract of insurance covering such directors and officers provides, in a manner acceptable to the New York Superintendent of Financial Services, for a retention amount and for co-insurance.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, any such insurance shall be subject to the provisions of, and the Company shall comply with the requirements set forth in, Section 7023 of the New York State Banking Law.

Section 5.10Limitations on Indemnification and Insurance.  All indemnification and insurance provisions contained in this Article V are subject to any limitations and prohibitions under applicable law, including but not limited to Section 7022 (with respect to indemnification, advancement or allowance) and Section 7023 (with respect to insurance) of the New York State Banking Law and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (with respect to administrative proceedings or civil actions initiated by any federal banking agency).  Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article V to the contrary, no indemnification, advancement or allowance shall be made (i) to or on behalf of any director or officer if a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the director or officer establishes that his acts were committed in bad faith or were the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and were material to the cause of action so adjudicated, or that he personally gained in fact a financial profit or other advantage to which he was not legally entitled, or (ii) in any circumstance where it appears (a) that the indemnification would be inconsistent with a provision of the Company’s Organization Certificate, these By-Laws, a resolution of the Board or of the stockholders, an agreement or other proper corporate action, in effect at the time of the accrual of the alleged cause of action asserted in the threatened or pending action or proceeding in which the expenses were incurred or other amounts were paid, which prohibits or otherwise limits indemnification; or (b) if there has been a settlement approved by the court, that the indemnification would be inconsistent with any condition with respect to indemnification expressly imposed by the court in approving the settlement.

Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article V to the contrary, but subject to any requirements of applicable law, (i) except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification (which shall be governed by Section 5.06), the Company shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer (or his testators intestate) or advance expenses in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors of the Company, (ii) with respect to indemnification or advancement of expenses relating to attorneys’ fees under this Article V, counsel for the present or former director or officer must be reasonably acceptable to the Company (and the Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion, establish a panel of approved law firms for such purpose, out of which the present or former director or officer could be required to select an approved law firm to represent him), (iii) indemnification in respect of amounts paid in settlement shall be subject to the prior consent of the Company (not to be unreasonably withheld), (iv) any and all obligations of the Corporation under this Article V shall be subject to applicable law, (v) in no event shall any payments pursuant to this Article V be made if duplicative of any indemnification or advancement of expenses or other reimbursement available to the applicable director or officer (other than for coverage maintained by such person in his individual capacity), and (vi) no indemnification or advancement of expenses shall be provided under these By-Laws to any person in respect of any expenses, judgments, fines or amounts paid in settlement to the extent incurred by such person in his capacity or position with another entity (including, without limitation, an entity that is a stockholder of the Company or any of the branches or affiliates of such stockholder), except as expressly provided in these By-Laws in respect of such person’s capacity and position as a director or officer of the Company or such person is a director or officer of the Company serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.



Section 5.11Indemnification of Other Persons.  The Company may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses (whether pursuant to an adoption of a policy or otherwise) to employees and agents of the Company (whether similar to those conferred in this Article V upon directors and officers of the Company or on other terms and conditions authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors), as well as to employees of direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company and to other persons (or categories of persons) approved from time to time by the Board of Directors.

Section 5.12Repeal.  Any repeal or modification of this Article V shall not adversely affect any rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses of a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company existing at the time of such repeal or modification with respect to any acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or modification.

ARTICLE VI

CAPITAL STOCK

Section 6.01Certificates.  The interest of each stockholder of the Company shall be evidenced by certificates for shares of stock in such form as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.  The certificates of stock shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board or the President or a Managing Director or a Director or a Vice President and by the Secretary, or the Treasurer, or an Assistant Secretary, or an Assistant Treasurer, sealed with the seal of the Company or a facsimile thereof, and countersigned and registered in such manner, if any, as the Board of Directors may by resolution prescribe.  Where any such certificate is countersigned by a transfer agent other than the Company or its employee, or registered by a registrar other than the Company or its employee, the signature of any such officer may be a facsimile signature.  In case any officer or officers who shall have signed, or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used on, any such certificate or certificates shall cease to be such officer or officers of the Company, whether because of death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates shall have been delivered by the Company, such certificate or certificates may nevertheless be adopted by the Company and be issued and delivered as though the person or persons who signed such certificate or certificates or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer or officers of the Company.



Section 6.02Transfer.  The shares of stock of the Company shall be transferred only upon the books of the Company by the holder thereof in person or by his attorney, upon surrender for cancellation of certificates for the same number of shares, with an assignment and power of transfer endorsed thereon or attached thereto, duly executed, with such proof of the authenticity of the signature as the Company or its agents may reasonably require.

Section 6.03Record Dates.  The Board of Directors may fix in advance a date, not less than 10 nor more than 50 days preceding the date of any meeting of stockholders, or the date for the payment of any dividend, or the date for the distribution or allotment of any rights, or the date when any change, conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go into effect, as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend, or to receive any distribution or allotment of such rights, or to exercise the rights in respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of capital stock, and in such case only such stockholders as shall be stockholders of record on the date so fixed shall be entitled to such notice of, and to vote at, such meeting, or to receive payment of such dividend, or to receive such distribution or allotment or rights or to exercise such rights, as the case may be, notwithstanding any transfer of any stock on the books of the Company after any such record date fixed as aforesaid.

Section 6.04Lost Certificates.  In the event that any certificate of stock is lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated, the Board of Directors may authorize the issuance of a new certificate of the same tenor and for the same number of shares in lieu thereof.  The Board may in its discretion, before the issuance of such new certificate, require the owner of the lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificate or the legal representative of the owner to make an affidavit or affirmation setting forth such facts as to the loss, destruction or mutilation as it deems necessary and to give the Company a bond in such reasonable sum as it directs to indemnify the Company.

ARTICLE VII

CHECKS, NOTES, ETC.

Section 7.01Checks, Notes, Etc.  All checks and drafts on the Company’s bank accounts and all bills of exchange and promissory notes, and all acceptances, obligations and other instruments for the payment of money, may be signed by the President or any Managing Director or any Director or any Vice President and may also be signed by such other officer or officers, agent or agents, as shall be thereunto authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors.



ARTICLE VIII

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 8.01Fiscal Year.  The fiscal year of the Company shall be from January 1 to December 31, unless changed by the Board of Directors.

Section 8.02Books.  There shall be kept at such office of the Company as the Board of Directors shall determine, within or without the State of New York, correct books and records of account of all its business and transactions, minutes of the proceedings of its stockholders, Board of Directors and committees, and the stock book, containing the names and addresses of the stockholders, the number of shares held by them, respectively, and the dates when they respectively became the owners of record thereof, and in which the transfer of stock shall be registered, and such other books and records as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

Section 8.03Voting of Stock.  Unless otherwise specifically authorized by the Board of Directors, all stock owned by the Company, other than stock of the Company, shall be voted, in person or by proxy, by the President or any Managing Director or any Director or any Vice President of the Company on behalf of the Company.

ARTICLE IX

AMENDMENTS

Section 9.01Amendments.  The vote of the holders of at least a majority of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote shall be necessary at any meeting of stockholders to amend or repeal these By-Laws or to adopt new by-laws.  These By-Laws may also be amended or repealed, or new by-laws adopted, at any meeting of the Board of Directors by the vote of at least a majority of the entire Board, provided that any by-law adopted by the Board may be amended or repealed by the stockholders in the manner set forth above.

Any proposal to amend or repeal these By-Laws or to adopt new by-laws shall be stated in the notice of the meeting of the Board of Directors or the stockholders or in the waiver of notice thereof, as the case may be, unless all of the directors or the holders of record of all of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote are present at such meeting.




DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS 00623 New York, NY  10019 Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System OMB Number 7100-0036 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation OMB Number 3064-0052 Office of the Comptroller of the Currency OMB Number 1557-0081 Approval expires August 31, 2026 Page 1 of 86Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council  Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income for  a Bank with Domestic Offices Only—FFIEC 041  Report at the close of business September 30, 2023  This report is required by law:  12 U.S.C. § 324 (State member banks); 12 U.S.C. §1817 (State nonmember banks); 12 U.S.C. §161 (National banks); and 12 U.S.C. §1464 (Savings associations).  Unless the context indicates otherwise, the term “bank” in this report form refers to both banks and savings associations.  20230930 (RCON 9999) This report form is to be filed by banks with domestic offices only and total consolidated assets of less than $100 billion, except those banks that file the FFIEC 051, and those banks that are advanced approaches institutions for regulatory capital purposes that are required to file the FFIEC 031.  NOTE: Each bank’s board of directors and senior management are responsible for establishing and maintaining an effective system of internal control, including controls over the Reports of Condition and Income. The Reports of Condition and Income are to be prepared in accordance with federal regulatory authority instructions. The Reports of Condition and Income must be signed by the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the reporting bank (or by the individual performing an equivalent function) and attested to by not less than two directors (trustees) for state nonmember banks and three directors for state member banks, national banks, and savings associations.  I, the undersigned CFO (or equivalent) of the named bank, attest that the Reports of Condition and Income (including the supporting schedules) for this report date have been prepared in conformance with the instructions issued by the appropriate Federal regulatory authority and are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.  We, the undersigned directors (trustees), attest to the correctness of the Reports of Condition and Income (including the supporting schedules) for this report date and declare that the Reports of Condition and Income have been examined by us and to the best of our knowledge and belief have been prepared in conformance with the instructions issued by the appropriate Federal regulatory authority and are true and correct.  Director (Trustee)  Signature of Chief Financial Officer (or Equivalent)  10/30/2023  Date of Signature  Director (Trustee)  Director (Trustee)  Submission of Reports  Each bank must file its Reports of Condition and Income (Call Report) data by either:  (a)  Using computer software to prepare its Call Report and then submitting the report data directly to the FFIEC’s Central Data Repository (CDR), an Internet-based system for data collection (https://cdr.ffiec.gov/cdr/), or  (b)  Completing its Call Report in paper form and arranging with a software vendor or another party to convert the data into the electronic format that can be processed by the CDR. The software vendor or other party then must electronically submit the bank’s data file to the CDR.  For technical assistance with submissions to the CDR, please contact the CDR Help Desk by telephone at (888) CDR-3111, by fax at (703) 774-3946, or by e-mail at cdr.help@cdr.ffiec.gov.  FDIC Certificate Number  623  (RSSD 9050) To fulfill the signature and attestation requirement for the Reports of Condition and Income for this report date, attach your bank’s completed signature page (or a photocopy or a computer generated version of this page) to the hard-copy record of the data file submitted to the CDR that your bank must place in its files.  The appearance of your bank’s hard-copy record of the submitted data file need not match exactly the appearance of the FFIEC’s sample report forms, but should show at least the caption of each Call Report item and the reported amount.  DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  Legal Title of Bank (RSSD 9017)  New York  City (RSSD 9130)  NY  10019  State Abbreviation (RSSD 9200)  Zip Code (RSSD 9220)  Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)  8EWQ2UQKS07AKK8ANH81  (Report only if your institution already has an LEI.) (RCON 9224)10019  The estimated average burden associated with this information collection is 54.60 hours per respondent and is expected to vary by institution, depending on individual circumstances. Burden estimates include the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data in the required form, and completing the information collection, but exclude the time for compiling and maintaining business records in the normal course of a respondent’s activities. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and an organization (or a person) is not required to respond to a collection of information, unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Comments concerning the accuracy of this burden estimate and suggestions for reducing this burden should be directed to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Washington, DC 20503, and to one of the following: Secretary, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 20th and C Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20551; Legislative and Regulatory Analysis Division, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Washington, DC 20219; Assistant Executive Secretary, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Washington, DC 20429.



DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  00623  New York, NY 10019  FFIEC 041  Page 17 of 86  RC-1  Consolidated Report of Condition for Insured Banks  and Savings Associations for September 30, 2023  All schedules are to be reported in thousands of dollars. Unless otherwise indicated, report the amount outstanding as of the last business day of the quarter.  Schedule RC—Balance Sheet  Dollar Amounts in Thousands  RCON  Amount  Assets  1.  Cash and balances due from depository institutions (from Schedule RC-A)  a. Noninterest-bearing balances and currency and coin (1)  0081  44,000  1.a.  b. Interest-bearing balances (2)  0071  13,450,000  1.b.  2.  Securities:  a. Held-to-maturity securities (from Schedule RC-B, column A) (3)  JJ34  0  2.a.  b. Available-for-sale debt securities (from Schedule RC-B, column D)  1773  364,000  2.b.  c. Equity securities with readily determinable fair values not held for trading (4)  JA22  0  2.c.  3.  Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell:  a. Federal funds sold  B987  0  3.a.  b. Securities purchased under agreements to resell (5, 6)  B989  5,922,000  3.b.  4.  Loans and lease financing receivables (from Schedule RC-C):  a. Loans and leases held for sale  5369  0  4.a.  b. Loans and leases held for investment  B528  15,537,000  4.b.  c. LESS: Allowance for loan and lease losses  3123  15,000  4.c.  d. Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance (item 4.b minus 4.c) (7)  B529  15,522,000  4.d.  5.  Trading assets (from Schedule RC-D)  3545  0  5.  6.  Premises and fixed assets (including capitalized leases)  2145  0  6.  7.  Other real estate owned (from Schedule RC-M)  2150  4,000  7.  8.  Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies  2130  0  8.  9.  Direct and indirect investments in real estate ventures  3656  0  9.  10.  Intangible assets (from Schedule RC-M)  2143  2,000  10.  11.  Other assets (from Schedule RC-F) (6)  2160  2,771,000  11.  12.  Total assets (sum of items 1 through 11)  2170  38,079,000  12.  Liabilities  13.  Deposits:  a. In domestic offices (sum of totals of columns A and C from Schedule RC-E)  2200  25,355,000  13.a.  (1) Noninterest-bearing (8)  6631  8,935,000  13.a.(1)  (2) Interest-bearing  6636  16,420,000  13.a.(2)  b. Not applicable  14.  Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase:  a. Federal funds purchased (9)  B993  0  14.a.  b. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (10)  B995  0  14.b.  15.  Trading liabilities (from Schedule RC-D)  3548  0  15.  16.  Other borrowed money (includes mortgage indebtedness) (from Schedule RC-M)  3190  277,000  16.  17.  and 18. Not applicable  19.  Subordinated notes and debentures (11)  3200  0  19.  1.  Includes cash items in process of collection and unposted debits.  2.  Includes time certificates of deposit not held for trading.  3.  Institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13 should report in item 2.a amounts net of any applicable allowance for credit losses, and item 2.a should equal Schedule RC-B, item 8, column A, less Schedule RI-B, Part II, item 7, column B.  4.  Item 2.c is to be completed by all institutions. See the instructions for this item and the Glossary entry for “Securities Activities” for further detail on accounting for investments in equity securities.  5.  Includes all securities resale agreements, regardless of maturity.  6.  Institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13 should report in items 3.b and 11 amounts net of any applicable allowance for credit losses.  7.  Institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13 should report in item 4.c the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases.  8.  Includes noninterest-bearing demand, time, and savings deposits.  9.  Report overnight Federal Home Loan Bank advances in Schedule RC, item 16, “Other borrowed money.”  10.  Includes all securities repurchase agreements, regardless of maturity.  11.  Includes limited-life preferred stock and related surplus.
 

DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  00623  New York, NY 10005  FFIEC 041  Page 18 of 87  RC-2Schedule RC—Continued  Dollar Amounts in Thousands  RCON  Amount  Liabilities—continued  20.  Other liabilities (from Schedule RC-G)  2930  3,071,000  20.  21.  Total liabilities (sum of items 13 through 20)  2948  28,703,000  21.  22.  Not applicable  Equity Capital  Bank Equity Capital  23.  Perpetual preferred stock and related surplus  3838  0  23.  24.  Common stock  3230  2,127,000  24.  25.  Surplus (exclude all surplus related to preferred stock)  3839  935,000  25.  26.  a Retained earnings  3632  6,359,000  26.a.  b Accumulated other comprehensive income (1)  B530  (45,000)  26.b.  c Other equity capital components (2)  A130  0  26.c.  27.  A Total bank equity capital (sum of items 23 through 26.c)  3210  9,376,000  27.a.  b Noncontrolling (minority) interests in consolidated subsidiaries  3000  0  27.b.  28.  Total equity capital (sum of items 27.a and 27.b)  G105  9,376,000  28.  29.  Total liabilities and equity capital (sum of items 21 and 28)  3300  38,079,000  29.  Memoranda  To be reported with the March Report of Condition.  1.  Indicate in the box at the right the number of the statement below that best describes the most comprehensive level of auditing work performed for the bank by independent external auditors as of any date during 2022  RCON  Number  6724  NA  M.1.  1a =  An integrated audit of the reporting institution’s financial statements and its internal control over financial reporting conducted in accordance with the standards of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) or Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the institution  1b =  An audit of the reporting institution’s financial statements only conducted in accordance with the auditing standards of the AICPA or the PCAOB by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the institution  2a =  An integrated audit of the reporting institution’s parent holding company’s consolidated financial statements and its internal control over financial reporting conducted in accordance with the standards of the AICPA or the PCAOB by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the consolidated holding company (but not on the institution separately)  2b =  An audit of the reporting institution’s parent holding company’s consolidated financial statements only conducted in accordance with the auditing standards of the AICPA or the PCAOB by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the consolidated holding company (but not on the institution separately)  3 =  This number is not to be used  4 =  Directors’ examination of the bank conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards by a certified public accounting firm (may be required by state-chartering authority)  5 =  Directors’ examination of the bank performed by other external auditors (may be required by state-chartering authority)  6 =  Review of the bank’s financial statements by external auditors  7 =  Compilation of the bank’s financial statements by external auditors  8 =  Other audit procedures (excluding tax preparation work)  9 =  No external audit work  To be reported with the March Report of Condition.  2.  Bank’s fiscal year-end date (report the date in MMDD format)  RCON  Date  8678  NA  M.2.  1.  Includes, but is not limited to, net unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, accumulated net gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, and accumulated defined benefit pension and other postretirement plan adjustments.  2.  Includes treasury stock and unearned Employee Stock Ownership Plan shares.


Exhibit 25.3



UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C.   20549



FORM T-1



STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY
UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939
OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE
 CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY OF A TRUSTEE PURSUANT TO SECTION 305(b)(2)



DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS
(formerly BANKERS TRUST COMPANY)
(Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter)



NEW YORK
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or
organization if not a U.S. national bank)
 
13-4941247
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification no.)
     
1 COLUMBUS CIRCLE
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
(Address of principal
executive offices)
 
  10019
(Zip Code)

Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas
1 Columbus Circle
New York, New York 10019
(212) 250 – 2500
(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)



SHELL FINANCE US INC.
(Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter)



Delaware
 
93-4449519
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
     
150 N. Dairy Ashford
Houston, Texas
(Address of principal executive offices)
 

77079
(Zip code)



Debt Securities
(Title of the Indenture securities)






Item 1.
General Information.

Furnish the following information as to the trustee.


(a)
Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.

 
Name
Address
     
 
Federal Reserve Bank (2nd District)
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
New York State Banking Department
New York, NY
Washington, D.C.
Albany, NY


(b)
Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.

Yes.

Item 2.
Affiliations with Obligor.

 
If the obligor is an affiliate of the Trustee, describe each such affiliation.
 
     
 
None.
 

Item 3. -15.
Not Applicable

Item 16.
List of Exhibits.

 
Exhibit 1 -
Restated Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated August 31, 1998; Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated September 25, 1998; Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated December 18, 1998; Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated September 3, 1999; and Certificate of Amendment of the Organization Certificate of Bankers Trust Company dated March 14, 2002, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 2 -
Certificate of Authority to commence business, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 3 -
Authorization of the Trustee to exercise corporate trust powers, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 4 -
A copy of existing By-Laws of Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, dated March 2, 2023.




 
Exhibit 5 -
Not applicable.
     
 
Exhibit 6 -
Consent of Bankers Trust Company required by Section 321(b) of the Act, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 6 filed with Form T-1 Statement, Registration No. 333-201810.
     
 
Exhibit 7 -
A copy of the latest report of condition of the trustee published pursuant to law or the requirements of its supervising or examining authority.
     
 
Exhibit 8 -
Not Applicable.
     
 
Exhibit 9 -
Not Applicable.




SIGNATURE


Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, the trustee, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, has duly caused this statement of eligibility to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in The City of New York, and State of New York, on this 15th day of December, 2023.


  DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  
       

By:
/s/ Jacqueline Bartnick  
    Name:  Jacqueline Bartnick  
    Title:    Director  
       

 


AMENDED AND RESTATED
BY-LAWS
OF
DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS

ARTICLE I

STOCKHOLDERS

Section 1.01Annual Meeting.  The annual meeting of the stockholders of Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (the “Company”) shall be held in the City of New York within the State of New York within the first four months of the Company’s fiscal year, on such date and at such time and place as the board of directors of the Company (“Board of Directors” or “Board”) may designate in the call or in a waiver of notice thereof, for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting.

Section 1.02Special Meetings.  Special meetings of the stockholders of the Company may be called by the Board of Directors or by the President, and shall be called by the President or by the Secretary upon the written request of the holders of record of at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, at such times.  If for a period of thirteen months after the last annual meeting, there is a failure to elect a sufficient number of directors to conduct the business of the Company, the Board of Directors shall call a special meeting for the election of directors within two weeks after the expiration of such period; otherwise, holders of record of ten percent (10%) of the shares of stock of the Company entitled to vote in an election of directors may, in writing, demand the call of a special meeting at the office of the Company for the election of directors, specifying the date and month thereof, but not less than two nor more than three months from the date of such call.  At any such special meeting called on demand of stockholders, the stockholders attending, in person or by proxy, and entitled to vote in an election of directors shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of electing directors, but not for the transaction of any other business.

Section 1.03Notice of Meetings.  Notice of the time, place and purpose of every meeting of stockholders shall be delivered personally or mailed not less than 10 nor more than 50 days before the date of such meeting (or any other action) to each stockholder of record entitled to vote, at his post office address appearing upon the records of the Company or at such other address as shall be furnished in writing by him to the Secretary of the Company for such purpose.  Such further notice shall be given as may be required by law or by these By-Laws.  Any meeting may be held without notice if all stockholders entitled to vote are present in person or by proxy, or if notice is waived in writing, either before or after the meeting, by those not present.

Section 1.04Quorum.  The holders of record of at least a majority of the shares of the stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or by proxy, shall, except as otherwise provided by law, by the Company’s Organization Certificate or by these By-Laws, constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders; if there be no such quorum, the holders of a majority of such shares so present or represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall have been obtained.



Section 1.05Organization of Meetings.  Meetings of the stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board or, if he is not present, by the President or, if he is not present, by a chairman to be chosen at the meeting.  The Secretary of the Company, or in his absence an Assistant Secretary, shall act as secretary of the meeting, if present.

Section 1.06Voting.  At each meeting of stockholders, except as otherwise provided by statute, the Company’s Organization Certificate or these By-Laws, every holder of record of stock entitled to vote shall be entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of such stock standing in his name on the records of the Company.  Elections of directors shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast thereat and, except as otherwise provided by statute, the Company’s Organization Certificate or these By-Laws, all other action shall be determined by a majority of the votes cast at such meeting.

At all elections of directors, the voting shall be by ballot or in such other manner as may be determined by the stockholders present in person or by proxy entitled to vote at such election.

Section 1.07Action by Consent.  Except as may otherwise be provided in the Company’s Organization Certificate, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote if, prior to such action, a written consent or consents thereto, setting forth such action, is signed by all the holders of record of shares of the stock of the Company, issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereon, having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted.

ARTICLE II

DIRECTORS

Section 2.01Chairman of the Board.  Following the election of the Board of Directors at each annual meeting, the elected Board shall appoint one of its members as Chairman.  The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as from time to time may be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 2.02Lead Independent Director.  Following the election of the Board of Directors at each annual meeting, the elected Board may appoint one of its independent members as its Lead Independent Director.  When the Chairman of the Board is not present at a meeting of the Board of Directors, the Lead Independent Director, if there be one, shall preside.

Section 2.03Director Emeritus.  The Board of Directors may from time to time elect one or more Directors Emeritus.  Each Director Emeritus shall be elected for a term expiring on the date of the regular meeting of the Board of Directors following the next annual meeting.  No Director Emeritus shall be considered a “director” for purposes of these By-Laws or for any other purpose.



Section 2.04Powers, Number, Quorum, Term, Vacancies, Removal.  The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors which may exercise all such powers of the Company and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the Company’s Organization Certificate or by these By-Laws required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

The number of directors may be changed by a resolution passed by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors or by a vote of the holders of record of at least a majority of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, but at all times the Board of Directors must consist of not less than seven nor more than thirty directors.  No more than one-third of the directors shall be active officers or employees of the Company.  At least one-half of the directors must be citizens of the United States at the time of their election and during their continuance in office.

Except as otherwise required by law, rule or regulation, or by the Company’s Organization Certificate, at all meetings of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, a majority of the entire Board of Directors or a majority of the directors constituting such committee, as the case may be, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the directors or committee members present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, or such committee, as applicable.  Any one or more members of the Board may participate in a meeting of the Board by means of a conference telephone or video, or other similar communications equipment allowing all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other at the same time.  Participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.  Whether or not a quorum shall be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, a majority of the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time; notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to the directors who were not present at the time of the adjournment, but if the time and place of the adjourned meeting are announced, no additional notice shall be required to be given to the directors present at the time of adjournment.

Directors shall hold office until the next annual election and until their successors shall have been elected and shall have qualified.  Director vacancies not exceeding one-third of the whole number of the Board of Directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, and the directors so elected shall hold office for the balance of the unexpired term.

Any one or more of the directors of the Company may be removed either with or without cause at any time by a vote of the holders of record of at least a majority of the shares of stock of the Company, issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, and thereupon the term of the director or directors who shall have been so removed shall forthwith terminate and there shall be a vacancy or vacancies in the Board of Directors, to be filled by a vote of the stockholders as provided in these By-Laws.



Section 2.05Meetings, Notice.  Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such place either within or without the State of New York, as may from time to time be fixed by resolution of the Board, or as may be specified in the call or in a waiver of notice thereof.  Regular meetings of the Board of Directors and its Executive Committee shall be held as often as may be required under applicable law, and special meetings may be held at any time upon the call of two directors, the Chairman of the Board or the President, by oral, telegraphic or written notice duly served on or sent or mailed to each director not less than two days before such meeting.  Any meeting may be held without notice, if all directors are present, or if notice is waived in writing, either before or after the meeting, by those not present.

Section 2.06Compensation.  The Board of Directors may determine, from time to time, the amount of compensation, which shall be paid to its members.  The Board of Directors shall also have power, in its discretion, to allow a fixed sum and expenses for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board, or of any committee of the Board.  The Board of Directors shall also have power, in its discretion, to provide for and pay to directors rendering services to the Company not ordinarily rendered by directors, as such, special compensation appropriate to the value of such services, as determined by the Board from time to time.

ARTICLE III

COMMITTEES

Section 3.01Executive Committee.  There shall be an Executive Committee of the Board who shall be appointed annually by resolution adopted by the majority of the entire Board of Directors.  The Chairman of the Board shall preside at meetings of the Executive Committee.  In his absence, the Chief Executive Officer or, in his absence, the President or any Co-President or, in their absence, such other member of the Executive Committee as the Executive Committee from time to time may designate shall preside at such meetings.

Section 3.02Audit and Fiduciary Committee.  There shall be an Audit and Fiduciary Committee appointed annually by resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board of Directors which shall consist of such number of independent directors, as may from time to time be fixed by the Audit and Fiduciary Committee charter adopted by the Board of Directors.

Section 3.03Other Committees.  The Board of Directors shall have the power to appoint any other Committees as may seem necessary, and from time to time to suspend or continue the powers and duties of such Committees.  Each Committee appointed pursuant to this Article shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.

Section 3.04Limitations.  No committee shall have the authority as to the following matters:  (i) the submission to stockholders of any action that needs stockholders’ authorization under New York Banking Law; (ii) the filling of vacancies in the Board of Directors or in any such committee; (iii) the fixing of compensation of the directors for serving on the Board of Directors or on any committee; (iv) the amendment or repeal of these By-Laws, or the adoption of new by-laws; (v) the amendment or repeal of any resolution of the Board of Directors which by its terms shall not be so amendable or repealable; or (vi) the taking of action which is expressly required by any provision of New York Banking Law to be taken at a meeting of the Board of Directors or by a specified proportion of the directors.



ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

Section 4.01Titles and Election.  The officers of the Company, who shall be chosen by the Board of Directors within twenty-five days after each annual meeting of stockholders, shall be a President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Risk Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary, and a General Auditor.  The Board of Directors from time to time may elect one or more Managing Directors, Directors, Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers and such other officers and agents as it shall deem necessary, and may define their powers and duties.  Any number of offices may be held by the same person, except the offices of President and Secretary.

Section 4.02Terms of Office.  Each officer shall hold office for the term for which he is elected or appointed, and until his successor has been elected or appointed and qualified.

Section 4.03Removal.  Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors.

Section 4.04Resignations.  Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board of Directors or to the Secretary.  Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.

Section 4.05Vacancies.  If the office of any officer or agent becomes vacant by reason of death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal from office or otherwise, the Board of Directors may choose a successor, who shall hold office for the unexpired term in respect of which such vacancy occurred.

Section 4.06President.  The President shall have general authority to exercise all the powers necessary for the President of the Company.  In the absence of the Chairman and the Lead Independent Director, the President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders.  The President shall have the power to execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to the office of the president of a corporation and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 4.07Chief Executive Officer.  Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Company.  The Chief Executive Officer shall exercise the powers and perform the duties usual to the chief executive officer and, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, shall have general management and control of the affairs and business of the Company; he shall appoint and discharge employees and agents of the Company (other than officers elected by the Board of Directors); he shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect; he shall have the power to execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to the office of the chief executive officer of a corporation and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.



Section 4.08Chief Risk Officer.  The Chief Risk Officer shall have the responsibility for the risk management and monitoring of the Company.  The Chief Risk Officer shall have the power to execute bonds, notes, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and he shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to his office and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 4.09Chief Financial Officer.  The Chief Financial Officer shall have the responsibility for reporting to the Board of Directors on the financial condition of the Company, preparing and submitting all financial reports required by applicable law, and preparing annual financial statements of the Company and coordinating with qualified third party auditors to ensure such financial statements are audited in accordance with applicable law.

Section 4.10Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Company and shall deposit all moneys, and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Company, in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors.  He shall disburse the funds of the Company as may be ordered by the Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the directors whenever they may require it an account of all his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Company.

Section 4.11Secretary.  The Secretary shall attend all sessions of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all votes and the minutes of proceedings in records or books to be kept for that purpose.  He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to the office of the secretary of a corporation and as from time to time may otherwise be prescribed by the Board of Directors.  The Secretary shall have and be the custodian of the stock records and all other books, records and papers of the Company (other than financial) and shall see that all books, reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by law are properly kept and filed.

Section 4.12General Auditor.  The General Auditor shall be responsible, through the Audit and Fiduciary Committee, to the Board of Directors for the determination of the program of the internal audit function and the evaluation of the adequacy of the system of internal controls.  Subject to the Board of Directors, the General Auditor shall have and may exercise all the powers and shall perform all the duties usual to such office and shall have such other powers as may be prescribed or assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors or vested in him by law or by these By-Laws.  He shall perform such other duties and shall make such investigations, examinations and reports as may be prescribed or required by the Audit and Fiduciary Committee.  The General Auditor shall have unrestricted access to all records and premises of the Company and shall delegate such authority to his subordinates.  He shall have the duty to report to the Audit and Fiduciary Committee on all matters concerning the internal audit program and the adequacy of the system of internal controls of the Company which he deems advisable or which the Audit and Fiduciary Committee may request.



Section 4.13Managing Directors, Directors and Vice Presidents.  If chosen, the Managing Directors, Directors and Vice Presidents, in the order of their seniority, shall, in the absence or disability of the President, exercise all of the powers and duties of the President.  Such Managing Directors, Directors and Vice Presidents shall have the power to execute bonds, notes, mortgages and other contracts, agreements and instruments of the Company, and they shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be incident to their respective offices and as from time to time may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the President.

Section 4.14Duties of Officers may be Delegated.  In case of the absence or disability of any officer of the Company, or for any other reason that the Board may deem sufficient, the Board may delegate, for the time being, the powers or duties, or any of them, of such officer to any other officer.

ARTICLE V

INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS AND OTHERS

Section 5.01Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings other than Those by or in the Right of the Company.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, and subject to applicable law, the Company shall indemnify any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action or proceeding (other than one by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor), whether civil or criminal, including an action by or in the right of any other corporation of any type or kind, domestic or foreign, or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, which any director or officer of the Company served in any capacity at the request of the Company, by reason of the fact that such person, his or her testator or intestate, was a director or officer of the Company, or served such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise in any capacity, against judgments, fines, amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees actually and necessarily incurred as a result of such action or proceeding, or any appeal therein, if such director or officer acted, in good faith, for a purpose which such person reasonably believed to be in, or, in the case of service for any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, not opposed to, the best interests of the Company, and had no reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.

Section 5.02Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, and subject to applicable law, the Company shall indemnify any person made, or threatened to be made, a party to an action by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person, his or her testator or intestate, is or was a director or officer of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director or officer of any other corporation of any type or kind, domestic or foreign, of any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and necessarily incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action, or in connection with an appeal therein, if such director or officer acted, in good faith, for a purpose which he reasonably believed to be in, or, in the case of service for any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, not opposed to, the best interests of the Company, except that no indemnification under this Section 5.02 shall be made in respect of (a) a threatened action, or a pending action which is settled or otherwise disposed of, or (b) any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action was brought, or, if no action was brought, any court of competent jurisdiction, determines upon application that, in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such portion of the settlement amount and expenses as the court deems proper.



Section 5.03Authorization of Indemnification.  Any indemnification under this Article V (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Company only if authorized in the specific case (i) by the Board acting by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding upon a finding that the director or officer has met the standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be; or (ii) if a quorum is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, (x) by the Board upon the opinion in writing of independent legal counsel that indemnification is proper in the circumstances because the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be, has been met by such director or officer; or (y) by the stockholders upon a finding that the director or officer has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be.  A person who has been successful on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of a civil or criminal action or proceeding of the character described in Sections 5.01 or 5.02, shall be entitled to indemnification as authorized in such section.

Section 5.04Good Faith Defined.  For purposes of any determination under Section 5.03, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, or to have had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful, if such person’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Company or another enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Company or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Company or another enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Company or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Company or another enterprise.  The provisions of this Section 5.04 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02, as the case may be.

Section 5.05Serving an Employee Benefit Plan on behalf of the Company.  For the purpose of this Article V, the Company shall be deemed to have requested a person to serve an employee benefit plan where the performance by such person of his duties to the Company also imposes duties on, or otherwise involves services by, such person to the plan or participants or beneficiaries of the plan; excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan pursuant to applicable law shall be considered fines; and action taken or omitted by a person with respect to an employee benefit plan in the performance of such person’s duties for a purpose reasonably believed by such person to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan shall be deemed to be for a purpose which is not opposed to the best interests of the Company.



Section 5.06Indemnification upon Application to a Court.  Notwithstanding the failure of the Company to provide indemnification and despite any contrary resolution of the Board or stockholders under Section 5.03, or in the event that no determination has been made within ninety days after receipt of the Company of a written claim therefor, upon application to a court by a director or officer, indemnification shall be awarded by a court to the extent authorized in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02.  Such application shall be upon notice to the Company.  Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under Section 5.03 nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the director or officer seeking indemnification has not met any applicable standard of conduct.

Section 5.07Expenses Payable in Advance.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, and subject to applicable law, expenses incurred in defending a civil or criminal action or proceeding may be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount (i) if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company as authorized in this Article V, (ii) where indemnification is granted, to the extent expenses so advanced by the Company or allowed by a court exceed the indemnification to which such person is entitled and (iii) upon such other terms and conditions, if any, as the Company deems appropriate.  Any such advancement of expenses shall be made in the sole and absolute discretion of the Company only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (i) by the Board acting by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding, or (ii) if a quorum is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, if a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, (x) by the Board upon the opinion in writing of independent legal counsel or (y) by the stockholders and, with respect to former directors and officers, by any person or persons having the authority to act on the matter on behalf of the Company.  Without limiting the foregoing, the Company reserves the right in its sole and absolute discretion to revoke at any time any approval previously granted in respect of any such request for the advancement of expenses or to, in its sole and absolute discretion, impose limits or conditions in respect of any such approval.

Section 5.08Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses.  The indemnification and advancement of expenses granted pursuant to, or provided by, this Article V shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which a director or officer seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled whether contained in the Company’s Organization Certificate, these By-Laws or, when authorized by the Organization Certificate or these By-Laws, (i) a resolution of stockholders, (ii) a resolution of directors, or (iii) an agreement providing for such indemnification, provided that no indemnification may be made to or on behalf of any director or officer if a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the director or officer establishes that his acts were committed in bad faith or were the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and were material to the cause of action so adjudicated, or that he personally gained in fact a financial profit or other advantage to which he was not legally entitled.  Nothing contained in this Article V shall affect any rights to indemnification to which corporate personnel other than directors and officers may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.



Section 5.09Insurance.  Subject to the other provisions of this Article V, the Company may purchase and maintain insurance (in a single contract or supplement thereto, but not in a retrospective rated contract):  (i) to indemnify the Company for any obligation which it incurs as a result of the indemnification of directors and officers under the provisions of this Article V, (ii) to indemnify directors and officers in instances in which they may be indemnified by the Company under the provisions of this Article V and applicable law, and (iii) to indemnify directors and officers in instances in which they may not otherwise be indemnified by the Company under the provisions of this Article V, provided the contract of insurance covering such directors and officers provides, in a manner acceptable to the New York Superintendent of Financial Services, for a retention amount and for co-insurance.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, any such insurance shall be subject to the provisions of, and the Company shall comply with the requirements set forth in, Section 7023 of the New York State Banking Law.

Section 5.10Limitations on Indemnification and Insurance.  All indemnification and insurance provisions contained in this Article V are subject to any limitations and prohibitions under applicable law, including but not limited to Section 7022 (with respect to indemnification, advancement or allowance) and Section 7023 (with respect to insurance) of the New York State Banking Law and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (with respect to administrative proceedings or civil actions initiated by any federal banking agency).  Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article V to the contrary, no indemnification, advancement or allowance shall be made (i) to or on behalf of any director or officer if a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the director or officer establishes that his acts were committed in bad faith or were the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and were material to the cause of action so adjudicated, or that he personally gained in fact a financial profit or other advantage to which he was not legally entitled, or (ii) in any circumstance where it appears (a) that the indemnification would be inconsistent with a provision of the Company’s Organization Certificate, these By-Laws, a resolution of the Board or of the stockholders, an agreement or other proper corporate action, in effect at the time of the accrual of the alleged cause of action asserted in the threatened or pending action or proceeding in which the expenses were incurred or other amounts were paid, which prohibits or otherwise limits indemnification; or (b) if there has been a settlement approved by the court, that the indemnification would be inconsistent with any condition with respect to indemnification expressly imposed by the court in approving the settlement.

Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article V to the contrary, but subject to any requirements of applicable law, (i) except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification (which shall be governed by Section 5.06), the Company shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer (or his testators intestate) or advance expenses in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors of the Company, (ii) with respect to indemnification or advancement of expenses relating to attorneys’ fees under this Article V, counsel for the present or former director or officer must be reasonably acceptable to the Company (and the Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion, establish a panel of approved law firms for such purpose, out of which the present or former director or officer could be required to select an approved law firm to represent him), (iii) indemnification in respect of amounts paid in settlement shall be subject to the prior consent of the Company (not to be unreasonably withheld), (iv) any and all obligations of the Corporation under this Article V shall be subject to applicable law, (v) in no event shall any payments pursuant to this Article V be made if duplicative of any indemnification or advancement of expenses or other reimbursement available to the applicable director or officer (other than for coverage maintained by such person in his individual capacity), and (vi) no indemnification or advancement of expenses shall be provided under these By-Laws to any person in respect of any expenses, judgments, fines or amounts paid in settlement to the extent incurred by such person in his capacity or position with another entity (including, without limitation, an entity that is a stockholder of the Company or any of the branches or affiliates of such stockholder), except as expressly provided in these By-Laws in respect of such person’s capacity and position as a director or officer of the Company or such person is a director or officer of the Company serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.



Section 5.11Indemnification of Other Persons.  The Company may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses (whether pursuant to an adoption of a policy or otherwise) to employees and agents of the Company (whether similar to those conferred in this Article V upon directors and officers of the Company or on other terms and conditions authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors), as well as to employees of direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company and to other persons (or categories of persons) approved from time to time by the Board of Directors.

Section 5.12Repeal.  Any repeal or modification of this Article V shall not adversely affect any rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses of a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company existing at the time of such repeal or modification with respect to any acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or modification.

ARTICLE VI

CAPITAL STOCK

Section 6.01Certificates.  The interest of each stockholder of the Company shall be evidenced by certificates for shares of stock in such form as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.  The certificates of stock shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board or the President or a Managing Director or a Director or a Vice President and by the Secretary, or the Treasurer, or an Assistant Secretary, or an Assistant Treasurer, sealed with the seal of the Company or a facsimile thereof, and countersigned and registered in such manner, if any, as the Board of Directors may by resolution prescribe.  Where any such certificate is countersigned by a transfer agent other than the Company or its employee, or registered by a registrar other than the Company or its employee, the signature of any such officer may be a facsimile signature.  In case any officer or officers who shall have signed, or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used on, any such certificate or certificates shall cease to be such officer or officers of the Company, whether because of death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates shall have been delivered by the Company, such certificate or certificates may nevertheless be adopted by the Company and be issued and delivered as though the person or persons who signed such certificate or certificates or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer or officers of the Company.



Section 6.02Transfer.  The shares of stock of the Company shall be transferred only upon the books of the Company by the holder thereof in person or by his attorney, upon surrender for cancellation of certificates for the same number of shares, with an assignment and power of transfer endorsed thereon or attached thereto, duly executed, with such proof of the authenticity of the signature as the Company or its agents may reasonably require.

Section 6.03Record Dates.  The Board of Directors may fix in advance a date, not less than 10 nor more than 50 days preceding the date of any meeting of stockholders, or the date for the payment of any dividend, or the date for the distribution or allotment of any rights, or the date when any change, conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go into effect, as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend, or to receive any distribution or allotment of such rights, or to exercise the rights in respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of capital stock, and in such case only such stockholders as shall be stockholders of record on the date so fixed shall be entitled to such notice of, and to vote at, such meeting, or to receive payment of such dividend, or to receive such distribution or allotment or rights or to exercise such rights, as the case may be, notwithstanding any transfer of any stock on the books of the Company after any such record date fixed as aforesaid.

Section 6.04Lost Certificates.  In the event that any certificate of stock is lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated, the Board of Directors may authorize the issuance of a new certificate of the same tenor and for the same number of shares in lieu thereof.  The Board may in its discretion, before the issuance of such new certificate, require the owner of the lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificate or the legal representative of the owner to make an affidavit or affirmation setting forth such facts as to the loss, destruction or mutilation as it deems necessary and to give the Company a bond in such reasonable sum as it directs to indemnify the Company.

ARTICLE VII

CHECKS, NOTES, ETC.

Section 7.01Checks, Notes, Etc.  All checks and drafts on the Company’s bank accounts and all bills of exchange and promissory notes, and all acceptances, obligations and other instruments for the payment of money, may be signed by the President or any Managing Director or any Director or any Vice President and may also be signed by such other officer or officers, agent or agents, as shall be thereunto authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors.



ARTICLE VIII

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 8.01Fiscal Year.  The fiscal year of the Company shall be from January 1 to December 31, unless changed by the Board of Directors.

Section 8.02Books.  There shall be kept at such office of the Company as the Board of Directors shall determine, within or without the State of New York, correct books and records of account of all its business and transactions, minutes of the proceedings of its stockholders, Board of Directors and committees, and the stock book, containing the names and addresses of the stockholders, the number of shares held by them, respectively, and the dates when they respectively became the owners of record thereof, and in which the transfer of stock shall be registered, and such other books and records as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

Section 8.03Voting of Stock.  Unless otherwise specifically authorized by the Board of Directors, all stock owned by the Company, other than stock of the Company, shall be voted, in person or by proxy, by the President or any Managing Director or any Director or any Vice President of the Company on behalf of the Company.

ARTICLE IX

AMENDMENTS

Section 9.01Amendments.  The vote of the holders of at least a majority of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote shall be necessary at any meeting of stockholders to amend or repeal these By-Laws or to adopt new by-laws.  These By-Laws may also be amended or repealed, or new by-laws adopted, at any meeting of the Board of Directors by the vote of at least a majority of the entire Board, provided that any by-law adopted by the Board may be amended or repealed by the stockholders in the manner set forth above.

Any proposal to amend or repeal these By-Laws or to adopt new by-laws shall be stated in the notice of the meeting of the Board of Directors or the stockholders or in the waiver of notice thereof, as the case may be, unless all of the directors or the holders of record of all of the shares of stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote are present at such meeting.





DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS 00623 New York, NY  10019 Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System OMB Number 7100-0036 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation OMB Number 3064-0052 Office of the Comptroller of the Currency OMB Number 1557-0081 Approval expires August 31, 2026 Page 1 of 86Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council  Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income for  a Bank with Domestic Offices Only—FFIEC 041  Report at the close of business September 30, 2023  This report is required by law:  12 U.S.C. § 324 (State member banks); 12 U.S.C. §1817 (State nonmember banks); 12 U.S.C. §161 (National banks); and 12 U.S.C. §1464 (Savings associations).  Unless the context indicates otherwise, the term “bank” in this report form refers to both banks and savings associations.  20230930 (RCON 9999) This report form is to be filed by banks with domestic offices only and total consolidated assets of less than $100 billion, except those banks that file the FFIEC 051, and those banks that are advanced approaches institutions for regulatory capital purposes that are required to file the FFIEC 031.  NOTE: Each bank’s board of directors and senior management are responsible for establishing and maintaining an effective system of internal control, including controls over the Reports of Condition and Income. The Reports of Condition and Income are to be prepared in accordance with federal regulatory authority instructions. The Reports of Condition and Income must be signed by the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the reporting bank (or by the individual performing an equivalent function) and attested to by not less than two directors (trustees) for state nonmember banks and three directors for state member banks, national banks, and savings associations.  I, the undersigned CFO (or equivalent) of the named bank, attest that the Reports of Condition and Income (including the supporting schedules) for this report date have been prepared in conformance with the instructions issued by the appropriate Federal regulatory authority and are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.  We, the undersigned directors (trustees), attest to the correctness of the Reports of Condition and Income (including the supporting schedules) for this report date and declare that the Reports of Condition and Income have been examined by us and to the best of our knowledge and belief have been prepared in conformance with the instructions issued by the appropriate Federal regulatory authority and are true and correct.  Director (Trustee)  Signature of Chief Financial Officer (or Equivalent)  10/30/2023  Date of Signature  Director (Trustee)  Director (Trustee)  Submission of Reports  Each bank must file its Reports of Condition and Income (Call Report) data by either:  (a)  Using computer software to prepare its Call Report and then submitting the report data directly to the FFIEC’s Central Data Repository (CDR), an Internet-based system for data collection (https://cdr.ffiec.gov/cdr/), or  (b)  Completing its Call Report in paper form and arranging with a software vendor or another party to convert the data into the electronic format that can be processed by the CDR. The software vendor or other party then must electronically submit the bank’s data file to the CDR.  For technical assistance with submissions to the CDR, please contact the CDR Help Desk by telephone at (888) CDR-3111, by fax at (703) 774-3946, or by e-mail at cdr.help@cdr.ffiec.gov.  FDIC Certificate Number  623  (RSSD 9050) To fulfill the signature and attestation requirement for the Reports of Condition and Income for this report date, attach your bank’s completed signature page (or a photocopy or a computer generated version of this page) to the hard-copy record of the data file submitted to the CDR that your bank must place in its files.  The appearance of your bank’s hard-copy record of the submitted data file need not match exactly the appearance of the FFIEC’s sample report forms, but should show at least the caption of each Call Report item and the reported amount.  DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  Legal Title of Bank (RSSD 9017)  New York  City (RSSD 9130)  NY  10019  State Abbreviation (RSSD 9200)  Zip Code (RSSD 9220)  Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)  8EWQ2UQKS07AKK8ANH81  (Report only if your institution already has an LEI.) (RCON 9224)10019  The estimated average burden associated with this information collection is 54.60 hours per respondent and is expected to vary by institution, depending on individual circumstances. Burden estimates include the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data in the required form, and completing the information collection, but exclude the time for compiling and maintaining business records in the normal course of a respondent’s activities. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and an organization (or a person) is not required to respond to a collection of information, unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Comments concerning the accuracy of this burden estimate and suggestions for reducing this burden should be directed to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Washington, DC 20503, and to one of the following: Secretary, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 20th and C Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20551; Legislative and Regulatory Analysis Division, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Washington, DC 20219; Assistant Executive Secretary, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Washington, DC 20429.



DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  00623  New York, NY 10019  FFIEC 041  Page 17 of 86  RC-1  Consolidated Report of Condition for Insured Banks  and Savings Associations for September 30, 2023  All schedules are to be reported in thousands of dollars. Unless otherwise indicated, report the amount outstanding as of the last business day of the quarter.  Schedule RC—Balance Sheet  Dollar Amounts in Thousands  RCON  Amount  Assets  1.  Cash and balances due from depository institutions (from Schedule RC-A)  a. Noninterest-bearing balances and currency and coin (1)  0081  44,000  1.a.  b. Interest-bearing balances (2)  0071  13,450,000  1.b.  2.  Securities:  a. Held-to-maturity securities (from Schedule RC-B, column A) (3)  JJ34  0  2.a.  b. Available-for-sale debt securities (from Schedule RC-B, column D)  1773  364,000  2.b.  c. Equity securities with readily determinable fair values not held for trading (4)  JA22  0  2.c.  3.  Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell:  a. Federal funds sold  B987  0  3.a.  b. Securities purchased under agreements to resell (5, 6)  B989  5,922,000  3.b.  4.  Loans and lease financing receivables (from Schedule RC-C):  a. Loans and leases held for sale  5369  0  4.a.  b. Loans and leases held for investment  B528  15,537,000  4.b.  c. LESS: Allowance for loan and lease losses  3123  15,000  4.c.  d. Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance (item 4.b minus 4.c) (7)  B529  15,522,000  4.d.  5.  Trading assets (from Schedule RC-D)  3545  0  5.  6.  Premises and fixed assets (including capitalized leases)  2145  0  6.  7.  Other real estate owned (from Schedule RC-M)  2150  4,000  7.  8.  Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies  2130  0  8.  9.  Direct and indirect investments in real estate ventures  3656  0  9.  10.  Intangible assets (from Schedule RC-M)  2143  2,000  10.  11.  Other assets (from Schedule RC-F) (6)  2160  2,771,000  11.  12.  Total assets (sum of items 1 through 11)  2170  38,079,000  12.  Liabilities  13.  Deposits:  a. In domestic offices (sum of totals of columns A and C from Schedule RC-E)  2200  25,355,000  13.a.  (1) Noninterest-bearing (8)  6631  8,935,000  13.a.(1)  (2) Interest-bearing  6636  16,420,000  13.a.(2)  b. Not applicable  14.  Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase:  a. Federal funds purchased (9)  B993  0  14.a.  b. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (10)  B995  0  14.b.  15.  Trading liabilities (from Schedule RC-D)  3548  0  15.  16.  Other borrowed money (includes mortgage indebtedness) (from Schedule RC-M)  3190  277,000  16.  17.  and 18. Not applicable  19.  Subordinated notes and debentures (11)  3200  0  19.  1.  Includes cash items in process of collection and unposted debits.  2.  Includes time certificates of deposit not held for trading.  3.  Institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13 should report in item 2.a amounts net of any applicable allowance for credit losses, and item 2.a should equal Schedule RC-B, item 8, column A, less Schedule RI-B, Part II, item 7, column B.  4.  Item 2.c is to be completed by all institutions. See the instructions for this item and the Glossary entry for “Securities Activities” for further detail on accounting for investments in equity securities.  5.  Includes all securities resale agreements, regardless of maturity.  6.  Institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13 should report in items 3.b and 11 amounts net of any applicable allowance for credit losses.  7.  Institutions that have adopted ASU 2016-13 should report in item 4.c the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases.  8.  Includes noninterest-bearing demand, time, and savings deposits.  9.  Report overnight Federal Home Loan Bank advances in Schedule RC, item 16, “Other borrowed money.”  10.  Includes all securities repurchase agreements, regardless of maturity.  11.  Includes limited-life preferred stock and related surplus.
 

DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS  00623  New York, NY 10005  FFIEC 041  Page 18 of 87  RC-2Schedule RC—Continued  Dollar Amounts in Thousands  RCON  Amount  Liabilities—continued  20.  Other liabilities (from Schedule RC-G)  2930  3,071,000  20.  21.  Total liabilities (sum of items 13 through 20)  2948  28,703,000  21.  22.  Not applicable  Equity Capital  Bank Equity Capital  23.  Perpetual preferred stock and related surplus  3838  0  23.  24.  Common stock  3230  2,127,000  24.  25.  Surplus (exclude all surplus related to preferred stock)  3839  935,000  25.  26.  a Retained earnings  3632  6,359,000  26.a.  b Accumulated other comprehensive income (1)  B530  (45,000)  26.b.  c Other equity capital components (2)  A130  0  26.c.  27.  A Total bank equity capital (sum of items 23 through 26.c)  3210  9,376,000  27.a.  b Noncontrolling (minority) interests in consolidated subsidiaries  3000  0  27.b.  28.  Total equity capital (sum of items 27.a and 27.b)  G105  9,376,000  28.  29.  Total liabilities and equity capital (sum of items 21 and 28)  3300  38,079,000  29.  Memoranda  To be reported with the March Report of Condition.  1.  Indicate in the box at the right the number of the statement below that best describes the most comprehensive level of auditing work performed for the bank by independent external auditors as of any date during 2022  RCON  Number  6724  NA  M.1.  1a =  An integrated audit of the reporting institution’s financial statements and its internal control over financial reporting conducted in accordance with the standards of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) or Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the institution  1b =  An audit of the reporting institution’s financial statements only conducted in accordance with the auditing standards of the AICPA or the PCAOB by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the institution  2a =  An integrated audit of the reporting institution’s parent holding company’s consolidated financial statements and its internal control over financial reporting conducted in accordance with the standards of the AICPA or the PCAOB by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the consolidated holding company (but not on the institution separately)  2b =  An audit of the reporting institution’s parent holding company’s consolidated financial statements only conducted in accordance with the auditing standards of the AICPA or the PCAOB by an independent public accountant that submits a report on the consolidated holding company (but not on the institution separately)  3 =  This number is not to be used  4 =  Directors’ examination of the bank conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards by a certified public accounting firm (may be required by state-chartering authority)  5 =  Directors’ examination of the bank performed by other external auditors (may be required by state-chartering authority)  6 =  Review of the bank’s financial statements by external auditors  7 =  Compilation of the bank’s financial statements by external auditors  8 =  Other audit procedures (excluding tax preparation work)  9 =  No external audit work  To be reported with the March Report of Condition.  2.  Bank’s fiscal year-end date (report the date in MMDD format)  RCON  Date  8678  NA  M.2.  1.  Includes, but is not limited to, net unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, accumulated net gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, and accumulated defined benefit pension and other postretirement plan adjustments.  2.  Includes treasury stock and unearned Employee Stock Ownership Plan shares.



Exhibit 107.1


Calculation of Filing Fee Tables

Form F-3
(Form Type)

SHELL PLC
SHELL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V.
SHELL FINANCE US INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Table 1: Newly Registered Securities and Carry Forward Securities
 
Security
Type
Security
Class Title
Fee Calculation or Carry Forward Rule
Amount Registered
Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Unit
Maximum Aggregate Offering Price
Fee Rate
Amount of Registration Fee
Carry Forward Form Type
Carry Forward File Number
Carry Forward Initial Effective Date
Filing Fee Previously Paid in Connection with Unsold Securities to be Carried Forward
Newly Registered Securities
Fees to be Paid
Equity
Ordinary Shares(1)
Rules 456(b) and 457(r)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
       
 
Debt
Senior or Subordinated Debt Securities(4)
Rules 456(b) and 457(r)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
       
 
Other
Warrants(1)
Rules 456(b) and 457(r)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
       
 
Other
Guarantees of Senior or Subordinated Debt Securities(5)
Rules 456(b) and 457(r)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(6)
       
Fees Previously Paid
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
       
Carry Forward Securities
Carry Forward Securities
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
 
Total Offering Amounts
N/A
N/A
 
N/A
       
 
Total Fees Previously Paid
     
N/A
       
 
Total Fee Offsets
     
N/A
       
 
Net Fee Due
     
N/A
       


 
(1)
To be issued by Shell plc.
 
(2)
An unspecified aggregate initial offering price or number of securities of each identified class is being registered as may from time to time be offered hereunder at indeterminate prices. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities or that are issued in units or represented by depositary shares. In addition, securities registered hereunder may be sold either separately or as units comprised of one or more types of securities registered hereunder.
 
(3)
In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant is deferring payment of all registration fees. The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment.
 
(4)
To be issued by Shell International Finance B.V. and Shell Finance US Inc.
 
(5)
Shell plc will fully and unconditionally guarantee the debt securities issued by Shell plc, Shell International Finance B.V. and Shell Finance US Inc. as to payment of principal, premium (if any), interest and any other amounts due.
 
(6)
Pursuant to Rule 457(n) under the Securities Act, no separate fee is payable with respect to the guarantees.